The association between animal protein, plant protein, and their substitution with bladder cancer risk: a pooled analysis of 10 cohort studies.

Purpose: Although total dietary protein intake has been associated with bladder cancer (BC) risk, the effect of the origin (plant or animal) and the substitutions remain to be understood. This study aimed to investigate the effect of total dietary protein, animal-based protein, plant-based protein, and their substitutions with each other on the risk of BC using a pooled analysis of 10 cohort studies.

Methods: The study was conducted within the "BLadder cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants" (BLEND) study, including 10 prospective cohort studies from several European countries, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

The Caregiver Pathway Intervention Can Contribute to Reduced Post-Intensive Care Syndrome Among Family Caregivers of ICU Survivors: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: Explore short-term effects of "The Caregiver Pathway," an intervention for family caregiver follow-up, on Post-Intensive Care Syndrome symptoms among families (PICS-F).

Design: A randomized controlled trial.

Setting: A medical ICU at a Norwegian University Hospital.

Weekly dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus monthly sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for malaria chemoprevention in children with sickle cell anaemia in Uganda and Malawi (CHEMCHA): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: In many sub-Saharan African countries, it is recommended that children with sickle cell anaemia receive malaria chemoprevention with monthly sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine or daily proguanil as the standard of care. However, the efficacy of these interventions is compromised by high-grade antifolate resistance of Plasmodium falciparum and poor adherence. We aimed to compare the efficacy of weekly dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine and monthly sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for the prevention of clinical malaria in children with sickle cell anaemia in areas with high-grade sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance of P falciparum in Uganda and Malawi.

Unraveling the genomic landscape of piscine myocarditis virus: mutation frequencies, viral diversity and evolutionary dynamics in Atlantic salmon.

Over a decade since its discovery, piscine myocarditis virus (PMCV) remains a significant pathogen in Atlantic salmon aquaculture. Despite this significant impact, the genomic landscape, evolutionary dynamics, and virulence factors of PMCV are poorly understood. This study enhances the existing PMCV sequence dataset by adding 34 genome sequences and 202 new ORF3 sequences from clinical cardiomyopathy syndrome (CMS) cases in Norwegian aquaculture.

Patients' suggestions for improvements to text-based e-consultations. An online survey of users of the national health portal in Norway.

Background: In recent years, text-based e-consultations have been widely implemented in general practice and are appreciated by patients for their convenience and efficiency. Policymakers aim to enhance patient access to clinical services with the general practitioner (GP) through text-based e-consultations. However, concerns are raised about their efficiency and security.

The AI Act in a law enforcement context: The case of automatic speech recognition for transcribing investigative interviews.

Law enforcement agencies manually transcribe thousands of investigative interviews per year in relation to different crimes. In order to automate and improve efficiency in the transcription of such interviews, applied research explores artificial intelligence models, including Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) and Natural Language Processing. While AI models can improve efficiency in criminal investigations, their successful implementation requires evaluation of legal and technical risks.

Development and internal validation of a simple clinical score for the estimation of the probability of deep vein thrombosis in outpatient emergency department patients.

Background: Wells score comprises subjective elements, making physicians reluctant to use Wells score or cause them to use it incorrectly.

Objectives: To develop and internally validate a prediction score that is objective and simple for evaluating suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT), with a safety comparable with that of Wells score.

Methods: We performed a post hoc analysis using data from the Ri-Schedule study (NCT02486445) involving suspected DVT patients at Østfold Hospital's Emergency Department, Norway (2015-2018).

Hypertension and orthostatic hypotension in the elderly: a challenging balance.

Hypertension and orthostatic hypotension (OH) frequently coexist in the older population, both stemming from impaired blood pressure (BP) regulation. Managing hypertension in patients with OH presents a significant clinical challenge, particularly in frail older adults who are also prone to falls. Hypertension treatment is often suboptimal in this population due to concerns over the potential increased risk of falls associated with treatment.

Predicting the genetic component of gene expression using gene regulatory networks.

Motivation: Gene expression prediction plays a vital role in transcriptome-wide association studies. Traditional models rely on genetic variants in close genomic proximity to the gene of interest to predict the genetic component of gene expression. Here, we propose a novel approach incorporating distal genetic variants acting through gene regulatory networks, in line with the omnigenic model of complex traits.

Long-Term Outcomes of Adolescent Outpatient Treatment for Substance Use Problems: Exploring the Co-occurrence of Mental Health and Substance Use Problems.

Background: Adolescents with substance use problems (SUP) constitute a group expected to face increased mental health problems (MHP). SUP can exacerbate mental health issues while also serving as a coping mechanism. Understanding the interplay between psychological, substance-related, and social factors is crucial for shaping effective interventions for this demographic.

Dataset of some added-lignin thermoformed pulps.

This data article summarizes the material properties of some added-lignin thermoformed pulps (ALTPs). This type of molded pulp is particularly suited for replacing plastics in environments, where moisture is encountered, as the lignin reduces the transport and adsorption of water. The dataset was measured on wet formed substrates with either softwood chemi-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP) or northern bleached softwood Kraft pulp (NBSK).

Methodological approach for fast high-resolution image selection: FAHRIS algorithm.

Recent research highlights advancements in collecting Artificial Light at Night (ALAN) data using radiosondes on stratospheric balloons, revealing a need for enhanced in-flight image stabilization. This paper proposes a twofold approach: Firstly, it introduces a design concept for a high-resolution image acquisition and stabilization system for aerial instruments (e.g.

State-wise variation and inequalities in caesarean delivery rates in India: analysis of the National Family Health Survey-5 (2019-2021) data.

Background: India's caesarean delivery (CD) rate of 21.5% suggests adequate national access to CD but may mask significant disparities. We examined variation in CD rates across states (geography), wealth, and health care sector (public versus private).

Perceived clinical challenges when treating patients from different cultures: A study among psychiatry trainees in Norway.

The growing number of migrant patients in western countries calls for better cross-cultural competence among health providers. As workplaces, hospitals have become increasingly multicultural, and many doctors are themselves of foreign origin, including psychiatrists. The aims of this study were to explore what clinical challenges International Medical Graduates (IMGs) and native-born Norwegian doctors training in psychiatry perceived when treating patients from other cultures, and what factors might be associated with such cross-cultural challenges.

Spotlight on the 2024 ESC/EACTS management of atrial fibrillation guidelines: 10 novel key aspects.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) remains the most common cardiac arrhythmia worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) have recently released the 2024 guidelines for the management of AF. This review highlights 10 novel aspects of the ESC/EACTS 2024 Guidelines.

Sense of coherence, subjective burden, and anxiety and depression symptoms in caregivers of people with dementia: Causal dynamics unveiled by a longitudinal cohort study in Europe.

Background: Sense of coherence (SOC) is a disposition to perceive things as comprehensible, manageable and meaningful. Lower SOC is associated with subjective burden and psychological morbidity in family caregivers, including in dementia. However, the evidence-base mainly comprises small-scale or cross-sectional studies.

An Investigation of the Barriers to Care of Adult Patients With a Tracheostomy in Intensive Care Units and General Wards: Secondary Analysis of Qualitative Interview Data.

Aims And Objectives: To investigate the barriers experienced by intensive care nurses and registered nurses and to provide optimal nursing for adult patients with a temporary tracheostomy in intensive care and general wards.

Background: Tracheostomy is widely used in intensive care units, around 20% of intensive care unit patients undergo tracheostomy insertions and expect high quality of care. Caring for patients with a tracheostomy is complex and challenging task.

Quality of registration of antenatal, intrapartum, and newborn information in the Georgian birth registry.

Background: The Georgian Birth Registry (GBR) is a comprehensive digital birth registry covering 99.8% of births nationwide. By law, registration in the GBR is mandatory, with data primarily transferred from medical records (MRs) by designated personnel at medical facilities.

Medically assisted integrated rehabilitation program for people with opioid dependence: a quasi-experimental evaluation using multi-criteria decision analysis.

Background: Opioid use disorders constitute a vast disease burden, need for comprehensive treatment, and substantial costs to individuals, families, and society. The multifaceted needs of people with opioid dependence call for integrated care. The study aims to assess the added value of an integrated medically assisted rehabilitation (MAR) program providing opioid agonist therapy for patients with opioid dependence as compared to the standard of care (SoC) in Norway.

Completeness of repeated patient-reported outcome measures in adult rehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial in a diverse clinical population.

Background: Data collection through patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) is essential for the purpose of rehabilitation research and registries. Existing problems with incomplete PROM data may relate to the patient burden and data set length. This study aimed to analyse response patterns and degree of data completeness in systematic outcome assessments conducted within a clinical study in a multidisciplinary rehabilitation setting, comparing completeness of a brief and a longer set of PROMs.

Multicultural doula support and obstetric and neonatal outcomes: a multi-centre comparative study in Norway.

Background: Migrant women face an increased risk of poor obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Norway implemented a multicultural doula (MCD) program in 2018, which was designed to improve pregnancy care for this group in vulnerable circumstances. This study aimed to assess the impact of MCD support, provided in addition to standard care, on obstetric and neonatal outcomes for selected newly arrived migrants.