Air pollution exposure is associated with gene expression in children.

Environmental exposures, including air pollutants and lack of natural spaces, are associated with suboptimal health outcomes in children. We aimed to study the associations between environmental exposures and gene expression in children. Associations of exposure to particulate matter (PM) with diameter <2.

Characterization of VldE (Spr1875), a Pneumococcal Two-State l,d-Endopeptidase with a Four-Zinc Cluster in the Active Site.

Remodeling of the pneumococcal cell wall, carried out by peptidoglycan (PG) hydrolases, is imperative for maintaining bacterial cell shape and ensuring survival, particularly during cell division or stress response. The protein Spr1875 plays a role in stress response, both regulated by the VicRK two-component system (analogous to the WalRK TCS found in Firmicutes). Modular Spr1875 presents a putative cell-wall binding module at the N-terminus and a catalytic C-terminal module (Spr1875) connected by a long linker.

Examining global biodiversity accounts: Implications of aggregating characterization factors from elementary flows in multi-regional input-output analysis.

Extending multi-regional input-output (MRIO) models with spatially explicit life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) models allows practitioners to quantify biodiversity impacts at every step of global supply chains. Inconsistencies may be introduced, however, when high-resolution characterization factors (CFs) are aggregated so as to match the low spatial granularity of MRIO models. These aggregation errors are greater when CFs are aggregated via proxies, such as ecoregion land shares, instead of based on spatially explicit elementary stressor flows.

Scenario analysis of supply- and demand-side solutions for circular economy and climate change mitigation in the global building sector.

Residential and non-residential buildings are a major contributor to human well-being. At the same time, buildings cause 30% of final energy use, 18% of greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE), and about 65% of material accumulation globally. With electrification and higher energy efficiency of buildings, material-related emissions gain relevance.

Understanding sprint phase-specific training stimuli: a cluster analysis approach to overload conditions.

Introduction: This study analyzed the impact of various overload conditions on sprint performance compared to free sprinting, aiming to identify the loading scenarios that most closely replicate the mechanics of unresisted sprints across the full acceleration spectrum. While velocity-based training methods have gained popularity, their applicability is limited to the plateau phase of sprinting.

Methods: To address this limitation, we employed cluster analysis to identify scenarios that best replicate the mechanical characteristics of free sprinting across various overload conditions.

Eradication of Helicobacter pylori by a potassium-competitive acid blocker alone?

Aims: , the dominating cause of gastric cancer, most often infects children initiating inflammation in the antral part and spreads orally to the oxyntic mucosa. Traditionally, eradication of has been based upon a combination of antibiotics together with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) to reduce gastric destruction of the antibiotics. Recently it has been shown that the more efficient inhibitors of acid secretion, the potassium-competitive acid blockers (PCABs) in combination with amoxicillin alone gave highly sufficient eradication.

Adjacent Level Canal Area Changes up to 2 years after Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Decompressive Surgery.

Study Design: A secondary analysis of data from the NORDSTEN-spinal stenosis trial (SST).

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the dural sac cross-sectional area (DSCA) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of adjacent segments decreases after decompressive surgery due to lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) up to 2 years postoperatively, and to investigate possible associations with baseline variables, including preoperative patient and radiological characteristics, and surgical method used.

Summary Of Background Data: Decompressive surgery for LSS is currently the most common spinal surgery procedure; however, there is limited knowledge on changes in the DSCA over time adjacent to a decompressed segment.

Serum Ethanol Concentrations in Relation to Sex and Age in Patients Admitted to a Large Emergency Department During 2015-2020.

We examined the number of patients tested for serum ethanol concentration (SEC) at admission to a large Emergency Department (ED) and the relationship of SEC with sex and age. SEC was analysed by enzymatic method. We retrieved SEC in patient samples from the ED during 2015-2020 from the laboratory information system.

Users' Perspectives on the Organization of Rehabilitation Services - A Focus Group Study of User Organization Representatives in Norway.

Background: User organizations for people with disabilities in Norway work for social equality and participation, and quality of health services for people with disabilities, chronic illnesses and reduced functional capacity. Consideration of the experiences from user representatives is necessary when determining the quality and appropriateness of the rehabilitation services. Rehabilitation services constitute the provision and delivery of intangible products to maintain or improve functioning in individual patients or patient groups.

Zoledronic acid as adjuvant therapy in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a randomised controlled pilot study.

Aims: To assess the feasibility of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of zoledronic acid (ZA) as adjuvant therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Methods: In this 1-year, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot study, nAMD patients were allocated 1:1 to receive intravenous ZA 5 mg or placebo at baseline and after 6 months in addition to intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy following a treat-and-extend regimen. Bevacizumab was the first-line anti-VEGF drug, but eyes with refractory nAMD were switched to aflibercept.

A systematic review of biofluid phosphorylated α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, and biomarkers are needed to enhance earlier detection and monitoring. Alpha-synuclein, phosphorylated at serine 129 (pS129-α-syn), is the predominant form of α-syn found in Lewy bodies implicating an involvement in disease pathology. This review aims to systematically evaluate the evidence for pS129-α-syn detection in human biofluid samples of PD utilizing ELISA-based protein detection methods.

A scoping review of participatory approaches in child maltreatment research across Europe.

Background: Participatory approaches in child maltreatment (CM) research increasingly focus on involving children, youth, and adults as co-researchers. However, little is known about their use in Europe.

Objective: To review the European literature on participatory approaches in CM research.

Combining Problem-Based Learning and Team-Based Learning in a Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship: How Do Students Spend Their Self-Study Time?

Self-study is essential for student learning, and active learning methods aim to facilitate constructive self-study time usage. How active learning strategies actually affect student self-study in medical education, however, remains partly unknown. The aim of this study was to examine medical students' use of self-study time in a longitudinal integrated clerkship employing active learning strategies.

Tag attachment innovation on spurdog (Squalus acanthias) reveals year-round coastal association of pregnant females in northeastern Atlantic waters.

The spurdog (Squalus acanthias Linnaeus, 1758) is a globally distributed squaliform shark that has historically been overfished but is now recovering in the northeast Atlantic. Data series on spurdog movement and habitat use have been somewhat limited to research surveys due to challenges associated with electronic tagging. Here, we offer a revised attachment method for externally attached pop-up satellite archival tags that was successful in long-term deployments on pregnant females.

Sustained improvements in sick leave, fatigue and functional status following a concentrated micro-choice based treatment for patients with long COVID: A 1 year prospective uncontrolled study.

Background: Long COVID has affected approximately 200 million people globally, with substantial consequences for the individuals, healthcare systems and society. Treatment guidelines lack clear recommendations regarding increased activity. This study aimed to evaluate primary outcomes as patients' satisfaction, illness perception and patient activation.

Profiling host- and parasite-derived miRNAs associated with Strongylus vulgaris infection in horses.

The equine bloodworm, Strongylus vulgaris, is a common and highly pathogenic parasite in horses due to its migratory life cycle involving the intestinal arteries. Current diagnostic techniques cannot detect the prepatent migrating stages of S. vulgaris, highlighting the need for new biomarkers.

Parental experiences, coping and the impact of Family Burn Camp after paediatric burn injury: A qualitative study.

Background: Paediatric burn injuries constitute a transformative event for parents, shaping their lives in profound ways. This study explores parental experiences, coping mechanisms, and the impact of Family Burn Camp in the aftermath of paediatric burn injuries.

Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in 2019 comprising two focus group interviews with 15 parents at the Family Burn Camp in Stavern, Norway.

"We use it a lot for everything": Antibioticalization and everyday life in a refugee camp in Lebanon.

Increasing rates of antimicrobial resistance has accelerated global efforts to reduce antibiotic use. While antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat, especially in low-income settings, there is a scarcity of research on how people in such environments, including refugee camps, access and use antibiotics. This article explores factors that contribute to the shaping of antibiotic use in Shatila refugee camp in Lebanon.

Dynamics of thermal tolerance plasticity across fish species and life stages.

Climate warming with associated heat waves presents a concerning challenge for ectotherms such as fishes. During heatwaves, the ability to rapidly acclimate can be crucial for survival. However, surprisingly little is known about how different species and life stages vary in their acclimation dynamics, including the magnitude of change in thermal tolerance through acclimation (i.

Lower extremity joint kinematics in individuals with and without bilateral knee osteoarthritis during normal and narrow-base walking: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disease affecting joint mechanics. Considering the effect of step-width changes on the biomechanics of gait, especially the alteration of stability dynamics during narrow-base gait, this study investigated the kinematic parameters of the lower extremities during both normal and narrow-base walking in individuals with and without KOA.

Methods: A cross-sectional study with 20 individuals with bilateral KOA and 20 controls was conducted.

Developing a comprehensive framework for evaluating public health emergency management program implementation: A scoping review.

Objectives: Public health emergencies and disasters highlight gaps in health systems' emergency preparedness capabilities. Developing robust public health emergency management (PHEM) programs is crucial yet challenging. Existing assessment tools are limited in scope or lack standardized measurement.

Part II. Common questions and misconceptions about creatine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show?

Creatine monohydrate supplementation (CrM) is a safe and effective intervention for improving certain aspects of sport, exercise performance, and health across the lifespan. Despite its evidence-based pedigree, several questions and misconceptions about CrM remain. To initially address some of these concerns, our group published a narrative review in 2021 discussing the scientific evidence as to whether CrM leads to water retention and fat accumulation, is a steroid, causes hair loss, dehydration or muscle cramping, adversely affects renal and liver function, and if CrM is safe and/or effective for children, adolescents, biological females, and older adults.

Intraoperative patient-specific volumetric reconstruction and 3D visualization for laparoscopic liver surgery.

Despite the benefits of minimally invasive surgery, interventions such as laparoscopic liver surgery present unique challenges, like the significant anatomical differences between preoperative images and intraoperative scenes due to pneumoperitoneum, patient pose, and organ manipulation by surgical instruments. To address these challenges, a method for intraoperative three-dimensional reconstruction of the surgical scene, including vessels and tumors, without altering the surgical workflow, is proposed. The technique combines neural radiance field reconstructions from tracked laparoscopic videos with ultrasound three-dimensional compounding.

Corrigendum: The call for an "educational footprint" in conceptualizing mental health and psychosocial support: the case of Norwegian kindergarten teachers.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.