Long-term exposure to air pollution and greenness in association with respiratory emergency room visits and hospitalizations: The Life-GAP project.

Background: Air pollution has been linked to respiratory diseases, while the effects of greenness remain inconclusive.

Objective: We investigated the associations between exposure to particulate matter (PM and PM), black carbon (BC), nitrogen dioxide (NO), ozone (O), and greenness (normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI) with respiratory emergency room visits and hospitalizations across seven Northern European centers in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) study.

Methods: We used modified mixed-effects Poisson regression to analyze associations of exposure in 1990, 2000 and mean exposure 1990-2000 with respiratory outcomes recorded duing ECRHS phases II and III.

Clinical studies of blood-borne Extracellular vesicles in psychiatry: A systematic review.

Biomarkers for the diagnosis and clinical management of psychiatric disorders are currently lacking. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), lipid membrane-encapsulated vesicles released by cells, hold promise as a source of biomarkers due to their ability to carry molecules that reflect the status of their donor cells and their ubiquitous presence in biofluids. This review examines the literature on EVs in biofluids from psychiatric disorder patients, and discuss how the published studies contribute to our understanding of the pathophysiology of these conditions and to the discovery of potential biomarkers.

Public value and digital health: The example of guiding values in the national digital health strategy of France.

Introduction: In the WHO European Region, 44 of 53 reporting Member States (MS) have a national digital health strategy (NDHS) or policy. Their formulation is heterogenous and evolving and should best reflect public common interest. This research aims to explore how a public value approach improves the relevance of digital health policies and services, increasing their capacity to better serve the diverse range of societal interests.

Revisiting the electrophysiological correlates of valence and expectancy in reward processing - A multi-lab replication.

Two event-related brain potential (ERP) components, the frontocentral feedback-related negativity (FRN) and the posterior P300, are key in feedback processing. The FRN typically exhibits greater amplitude in response to negative and unexpected outcomes, whereas the P300 is generally more pronounced for positive outcomes. In an influential ERP study, Hajcak et al.

How do neuromuscular characteristics of the peroneal muscles differ in adults with and without chronic ankle instability? A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) has been associated with neuromuscular control dysfunction, particularly of the peroneal musculature.

Research Question: How do neuromuscular characteristics of the peroneal muscles, including corticospinal excitability, strength, proprioception (force sense) and electromyographic measures differ in individuals with CAI compared to healthy control counterparts aged 18-45?

Methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted by retrieving relevant articles from electronic databases including EBSCOhost (CINAHL Complete, AMED, SPORTDiscus), Ovid (MEDLINE, Embase), Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library as well as Grey literature sources. The eligibility and methodological quality of the included case-control and cross-sectional studies were assessed by two reviewers.

Parenthood, gender, and turning points to crime for young people in Latin America.

In very different societal contexts, parenthood has been identified as a critical turning point in life course trajectories. In this qualitative study, we explore parenthood as a turning point for 40 young women and 40 young men in prisons across Latin America. We study the impact of parenthood on criminal trajectories, identify gender differences, and analyze the different mechanisms at work.

Evidence for cellular and solute passage between the brain and skull bone marrow across meninges: A systematic review.

A potential two-way passage of cells and substances between the brain and skull bone marrow may open for new insights into neurological disease. The arachnoid membrane was traditionally considered to restrict cells and larger molecules in CSF from entering the dura and bone marrow directly. However, new data on exchange between brain and skull bone marrow have recently emerged.

Preparation of sodium hyaluronate coated liposomes: effect of polymer molecular weight, coating concentration, amount of charged lipids and type of hydration medium on the stability.

In this study, liposomes consisting of soybean phosphatidyl choline (SoyPC) and different molar concentrations (10 mol% and 20 mol%) of dioleoyl trimethylammoniumpropane (DOTAP) were prepared by the thin film hydration method and coated with sodium hyaluronate (NaHA) of different MWs (8-15 kDa, 30-50 kDa and 90-130 kDa) and concentrations (0.01-0.2% w/w) using phosphate buffer (PB) or glycerol phosphate buffer (G-PB) as the hydration medium.

The use of multiple evidence base methods to enrich climate change research and knowledge in the Arctic.

Indigenous and local knowledge (ILK) is increasingly used along with scientific knowledge (SK) to understand climate change. The multi evidence base (MEB) offers ways of combining knowledge systems together. Nonetheless, there is little guidance on how to use MEB approaches in research.

Multicenter screening for ADHD among school-age pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes - study protocol.

Purpose: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition that affects approximately 5% of the pediatric population, with increased prevalence among those with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Reports suggest that unrecognized and untreated ADHD impairs T1D control and that ADHD may be underdiagnosed in the Polish population. The International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes recommends neurodevelopmental assessments in children with T1D, but specific guidelines on procedures and implementation are lacking.

Measurement properties of the Trunk Impairment Scale-modified Norwegian version among people with mild to moderate multiple sclerosis.

Purpose: The Trunk Impairment Scale-modified Norwegian version (TIS-modNV) measures trunk control for clinical and research purposes. This study examined the validity and reliability of the TIS-modNV in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS).

Materials And Methods: Sixty-eight pwMS (mild to moderate) participated.

Nanoformulation of Polymyxin E Through Complex Coacervation: A Pharmacokinetic Analysis.

Polymyxin E (PME), a polymyxin antibiotic, serves as a final resort against antibiotic resistance. Nephrotoxicity is the primary concern when employing PME. To alleviate this issue, researchers have explored strategies including dosing adjustments and innovative formulations.

The Application of Resolvin D1-Loaded Gelatin Methacrylate in a Rat Periodontitis Model.

To evaluate the drug release, cytocompatibility with periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs), and therapeutic efficacy of GelMA hydrogel loaded with resolvin D1 (RvD1) in treating rat periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone damage. An RvD1 complexed with GelMA was prepared, and its release kinetics and compatibility with PDLCs were assessed. Rats with induced periodontitis were treated weekly with topical applications of vehicle, GelMA, RvD1, or RvD1 complexed with GelMA for four weeks.

Interdisciplinary Oral Nutrition Support and Supplementation After Hip Fracture Surgery in Older Adult Inpatients: A Global Cross-Sectional Survey (ONS-STUDY).

Background: Malnutrition predicts poor outcomes following hip fracture, affecting patient recovery, healthcare performance, and costs. Evidence-based guidelines recommend multicomponent, interdisciplinary nutrition care to improve intake, reduce complications, and enhance outcomes. This study examines global variation in oral nutrition support for older (65+ years) hip fracture inpatients.

Impact of Time-Restricted Eating and High-Intensity Exercise on Nutrient Intake in Women with Overweight/Obesity: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background/objectives: Inadequate micronutrient intakes are common in individuals with overweight/obesityand can exacerbate cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk. Diet and exercise are primary strategies for managing overweight and may influence nutrient intakes. In this secondary analysis of dietary data collected in a randomized controlled trial (RCT, ClinicalTrials.

Possibility of Using NO Modulators for Pharmacocorrection of Endothelial Dysfunction After Prenatal Hypoxia.

Prenatal hypoxia (PH) is a key factor in the development of long-term cardiovascular disorders, which are caused by various mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction (ED), including those associated with NO deficiency. This emphasizes the potential of therapeutic agents with NO modulator properties, such as Thiotriazoline, Angiolin, Mildronate, and L-arginine, in the treatment of PH. Pregnant female rats were given a daily intraperitoneal dose of 50 mg/kg of sodium nitrite starting on the 16th day of pregnancy.

Targeting Cytokine-Mediated Inflammation in Brain Disorders: Developing New Treatment Strategies.

Cytokine-mediated inflammation is increasingly recognized for playing a vital role in the pathophysiology of a wide range of brain disorders, including neurodegenerative, psychiatric, and neurodevelopmental problems. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) cause neuroinflammation, alter brain function, and accelerate disease development. Despite progress in understanding these pathways, effective medicines targeting brain inflammation are still limited.

Antistaphylococcal Triazole-Based Molecular Hybrids: Design, Synthesis and Activity.

Background: In the era of resistance, the design and search for new "small" molecules with a narrow spectrum of activity that target a protein or enzyme specific to a certain bacterium with high selectivity and minimal side effects remains an urgent problem of medicinal chemistry. In this regard, we developed and successfully implemented a strategy for the search for new hybrid molecules, namely, the not broadly known [2-(3-R-1-[1,2,4]-triazol-5-yl)phenyl]amines. They can act as "building blocks" and allow for the introduction of certain structural motifs into the desired final products in order to enhance the antistaphylococcal effect.

SQM Ageing and Atmospheric Conditions: How Do They Affect the Long-Term Trend of Night Sky Brightness Measurements?

The most widely used radiance sensor for monitoring Night Sky Brightness (NSB) is the Sky Quality Meter (SQM), making its measurement stability fundamental. A method using the Sun as a calibrator was applied to analyse the quality of the measures recorded in the Veneto Region (Italy) and at La Silla (Chile). The analysis mainly revealed a tendency toward reductions in measured NSB due to both instrument ageing and atmospheric variations.

Infections: Bridging Clinical Observations and Epidemiological Insights.

Purpose: is the main etiologic agent implicated in primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). It is also known as the brain-eating amoeba because of the severe brain inflammation following infection, with a survival rate of about 5%. This review aims to identify infections and evaluate patients' progression.

Acoustic Performance of Tufted Carpets Coupled with Underlayment Produced from Tannery Wool Waste.

Sheep wool is a precious, renewable raw material that is nowadays disregarded and wasted. To better use local sources of wool, it was used to manufacture tufted carpets. The coarse wool of mountain sheep was used to form a carpet pile layer, while the waste wool from the tannery industry was applied to form carpet underlayment.

Revisiting the History and Biogeography of and Other Olive-Feeding Fruit Flies in Africa and Asia.

Rossi causes important agricultural losses in olive growing regions. Despite its economic relevance, the expansion history and biogeography of and other olive-feeding fruit flies remain unclear. We used mitogenomic data of species from a broad geographic range to explore possible historical biogeographic patterns in and other olive-feeding fruit flies.

Gene Expression Correlates with Disability and Pain Intensity in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain and Modic Changes in a Sex-Specific Manner.

Chronic low back pain (cLBP) lacks clear physiological explanations, and the treatment options are of limited effect. We aimed to elucidate the underlying biology of cLBP in a subgroup of patients with Modic changes type I (suggestive of inflammatory vertebral bone marrow lesions) by correlating gene expression in blood with patient-reported outcomes on disability and pain intensity and explore sex differences. Patients were included from the placebo group of a clinical study on patients with cLBP and Modic changes.

Dysbiosis-NK Cell Crosstalk in Pancreatic Cancer: Toward a Unified Biomarker Signature for Improved Clinical Outcomes.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with poor prognosis, primarily due to its immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which contributes to treatment resistance. Recent research shows that the microbiome, including microbial communities in the oral cavity, gut, bile duct, and intratumoral environments, plays a key role in PDAC development, with microbial imbalances (dysbiosis) promoting inflammation, cancer progression, therapy resistance, and treatment side effects. Microbial metabolites can also affect immune cells, especially natural killer (NK) cells, which are vital for tumor surveillance, therapy response and treatment-related side effects.