Mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid alterations in primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Objectives: Indications of mitochondrial dysfunction are commonly seen in liver diseases, but data are scarce in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Analyzing circulating and liver-resident molecules indirectly reflecting mitochondrial dysfunction, we aimed to comprehensively characterize this deficit in PSC, and whether this was PSC specific or associated with cholestasis.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively included plasma from 191 non-transplant patients with large-duct PSC and 100 healthy controls and explanted liver tissue extracts from 24 PSC patients and 18 non-cholestatic liver disease controls.

Wooden breast myopathy is characterized by satellite cell dysfunction and syndecan-4 shedding.

Introduction: Skeletal muscle satellite cells (MuSCs or stem cells) play a crucial role in muscle development, maintenance, and regeneration, supporting both hypertrophy and regenerative myogenesis. Syndecans (SDCs) act as communication bridges within the muscle microenvironment, regulating interactions with extracellular matrix components and contributing significantly to tissue repair and inflammation. Specifically, syndecan-4 (SDC4) is involved in muscle regeneration at multiple stages.

A-site composition tuning in methylammonium-based metal halide perovskite colloidal nanocrystals.

Utilizing the soft-lattice nature of metal halide perovskites, we employ post-synthetic cross-ion exchange to synthesize a series of narrow band-gap colloidal nanocrystals of methylammonium-based lead iodide solid solutions of composition FAMAPbI, as well as those of triple-cation composition CsFAMAPbI (TCPbI). The ability to finely tune the compositions not only helps in tailoring the optical properties in the near-infrared region, but also improves the stability of these colloidal nanocrystals towards moisture, which has been demonstrated as compared to their bulk counterparts. The thermal stability of these solid solutions is also comparable to that of the bulk, as evidenced by thermogravimetric studies.

Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea: Work Safety for Contractors in Norwegian Fish Farming.

Objective: Salmon fish farming has become a major industry in Norway, increasingly dependent on contracted maritime transport and different special services. The aim of the paper was to explore work safety for contractors in Norwegian fish farming. Previous research from other industries illustrates contractors are more susceptible to time and work pressure, have more hazardous jobs, and are more accident-prone, compared to fixed employees.

Nutrient Intake Among Lactating Women With Overweight and Obesity in Norway: A Comparison With the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023.

Background: During lactation, maternal requirements for many nutrients increase due to the physiological demands of breast milk production, reflected in dietary recommendations. BMI is negatively associated with dietary quality postpartum, and 40% of women in Norway have pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity. Currently, there is limited data on dietary intake among lactating women in Norway and whether they meet nutritional requirements.

Précis of .

We summarise key messages from the World Bank Report . A central lesson of the Report is that in decision-making on the path to Universal Health Coverage (UHC), procedural fairness matters alongside substantive fairness. Decision systems should be assessed using a complete conception of procedural fairness that embodies core commitments to impartial and equal consideration of interests and perspectives.

Hope among patients discharged from an intensive care unit: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Hope is important during critical illness due to the uncertainty and loss of control in the patient's life. Following intensive care, hope might provide a therapeutic effect and increase coping, leading to improved recovery.

Aim: To describe the levels of hope in patients during the first year after ICU treatment, and to explore possible associations between hope and selected demographic, clinical and psychosocial factors.

Companion animal and equine clinical research: a Nordic perspective.

Background: The societal value of cats, dogs and horses is high, and the companion and sport animal health care sector is growing. Clinical research concerning cats, dogs and horses is crucial for the development of evidence-based medical care that benefits animals and their owners, and has implications for human and environmental health from a One Health perspective. Basic information on companion animal and equine research enables more directed measures to improve conditions for research within the area.

Tunnel wash water in a cold climate: characteristics, ecotoxicological risk, and effect of sedimentation.

The characterization of tunnel wash water (TWW) from 12 Norwegian tunnels showed very high concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS), metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), and manganese (Mn) were mainly particle-associated. They are efficiently removed by sedimentation, while the dissolved concentrations of toxic metals like Cu, Zn, and As did not change.

Mucosal-adapted bacteriophages as a preventive strategy for a lethal Pseudomonas aeruginosa challenge in mice.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an emergent threat due to the antimicrobial resistance crisis. Bacteriophages (phages) are promising agents for phage therapy approaches against P. aeruginosa.

The fastest nonprofessional age group IRONMAN triathletes in the world originate from Europe.

It is well known that elite athletes of specific ethnicities and/or nationalities dominate certain sports disciplines (e.g., East Africans in marathon running).

A Collaborative and Scalable Geospatial Data Set for Arctic Retrogressive Thaw Slumps with Data Standards.

Arctic permafrost is undergoing rapid changes due to climate warming in high latitudes. Retrogressive thaw slumps (RTS) are one of the most abrupt and impactful thermal-denudation events that change Arctic landscapes and accelerate carbon feedbacks. Their spatial distribution remains poorly characterised due to time-intensive conventional mapping methods.

Cardiac arrhythmia assessment with patch electrocardiogram versus insertable cardiac monitor: a cohort study in endurance athletes with atrial fibrillation.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the quality of ECG recordings and the concordance between the automatic detection of cardiac arrhythmia episodes by a patch ECG and an insertable cardiac monitor.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting And Participants: Endurance athletes diagnosed with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) and no other relevant comorbidities participating in a randomised controlled trial on the effects of training adaption.

Systematic development and bioprinting of novel nanostructured multi-material bioinks for bone tissue engineering.

A functional bioink with potential in bone tissue engineering must be subjected to critical investigation throughout its intended lifespan. The aim of this study was to develop alginate-gelatin-based (Alg-Gel) multicomponent bioinks systematically and to assess the short- and long-term exposure responses of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) printed within these bioinks with and without crosslinking. The first generation of bioinks was established by incorporating a range of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), to evaluate their effect on viscosity, printability and cell viability.

A Core Outcome Set for Adult General ICU Patients.

Objectives: Randomized clinical trials informing clinical practice (e.g., like large, pragmatic, and late-phase trials) should ideally mostly use harmonized outcomes that are important to patients, family members, clinicians, and researchers.

Proteomics- and metabolomics-based analysis of the regulation of germination in Norway maple and sycamore embryonic axes.

Norway maple and sycamore belong to the Acer genus and produce desiccation-tolerant and desiccation-sensitive seeds, respectively. We investigated the seed germination process at the imbibed and germinated stages using metabolomic and proteomic approaches to determine why sycamore seeds germinate earlier and are more successful at establishing seedlings than Norway maple seeds under controlled conditions. Embryonic axes and embryonic axes with protruded radicles were analyzed at the imbibed and germinated stages, respectively.

Application of X-ray diffraction with Rietveld refinement to quantify mineral composition including crystalline silica in respirable dust.

This study aimed to test the use of Rietveld refinement on respirable aerosol samples to determine the phase of respirable crystalline silica (RCS) and other minerals. The results from the Rietveld refinement were compared to an external standard method and gravimetrical measurements. Laboratory samples consisting of α-quartz, feldspar, and calcite with variable proportions and total mass loadings were made and analyzed using the NIOSH 7500 , followed by Rietveld refinement.

Comparative studies on modeling and optimization of fermentation process conditions for fungal asparaginase production using artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques.

The L-asparaginase is commercial enzyme used as chemotherapeutic agent in cancer treatment and food processing agent in backed and fried food industries. In the present research work, the artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques were employed for modeling and optimization of fermentation process conditions for enhanced production of L-asparaginase by submerged fermentation of . The experimental L-asparaginase activity obtained using central composite experiment design was used for optimization.

Toward a More General Consent for the Use of Patients' Biological Material and Health Information for Medical Research-The Patient Perspective.

Biological material and health information from patients are valuable for medical research. Under a "broad" consent model, hospital patients in Norway can consent to their biological material and health information being stored in research biobanks and used for "specific, broadly defined research purposes" within a specified medical research area but not for medical research in general. Patients are asked to provide new consent each time researchers wish to use their material in a different medical research area.

Preventive measures and perceived challenges in delivering oral health care for elderly patients: a survey of dental hygienists in Norway.

This study aimed to gain knowledge of general oral health preventive measures with a specific focus on root caries preventive measures for patients ≥65 years old, performed by Norwegian dental hygienists in public and private dental health services. A secondary aim was to investigate differences and challenges in prevention practices.  Materials and methods: An electronic survey was conducted among the sample in 2022.