Assessing mental health of people with complex communication needs: A systematic review.

Mental health is "a state of wellbeing" as per the World Health Organisation. People with disabilities generally experience poorer wellbeing than those without disabilities. Instruments which assess wellbeing or its three core components (emotional, psychological, social) may be less accessible or appropriate for people with complex communication needs (CCN).

A Mobile Health Intervention to Support Collaborative Decision-Making in Mental Health Care: Development and Usability.

Background: Shared decision-making between clinicians and service users is crucial in mental health care. One significant barrier to achieving this goal is the lack of user-centered services. Integrating digital tools into mental health services holds promise for addressing some of these challenges.

Prognostic value of manual versus automatic methods for assessing extents of resection and residual tumor volume in glioblastoma.

Objective: The extent of resection (EOR) and postoperative residual tumor (RT) volume are prognostic factors in glioblastoma. Calculations of EOR and RT rely on accurate tumor segmentations. Raidionics is an open-access software that enables automatic segmentation of preoperative and early postoperative glioblastoma using pretrained deep learning models.

Effectiveness of couple-based violence prevention education in reducing intimate partner violence during pregnancy in rural Ethiopia: A cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: Pregnancy is often seen as a joyful and fulfilling time for many women. However, a significant number of women in Ethiopia experience intimate partner violence (IPV) during this period. Despite this, there is limited evidence on interventions aimed at preventing violence during pregnancy.

Food groups, macronutrient intake and objective measures of total carotenoids and fatty acids in 16-to-24-year-olds following different plant-based diets compared to an omnivorous diet.

Background: Knowledge about the diet quality among youth who follow different types of plant-based diets is essential to understand whether support is required to ensure a well-planned diet that meets their nutritional needs. This study aimed to investigate how food groups, macronutrient intake, and objective blood measures varied between Norwegian youth following different plant-based diets compared to omnivorous diet.

Methods: Cross-sectional design, with healthy 16-to-24-year-olds (n = 165) recruited from the Agder area in Norway, following a vegan, lacto-ovo-vegetarian, pescatarian, flexitarian or omnivore diet.

Pellino 3 E3 ligase promotes starvation-induced autophagy to prevent hepatic steatosis.

Nutrient deprivation is a major trigger of autophagy, a conserved quality control and recycling process essential for cellular and tissue homeostasis. In a high-content image-based screen of the human ubiquitome, we here identify the E3 ligase Pellino 3 (PELI3) as a crucial regulator of starvation-induced autophagy. Mechanistically, PELI3 localizes to autophagic membranes, where it interacts with the ATG8 proteins through an LC3-interacting region (LIR).

Taking the Next Step in Neurologic Rehabilitation: Contributions of Intensity and Variability of Stepping Tasks during Locomotor Training.

Research over the past 20 years indicates the amount of task-specific walking practice provided to individuals with stroke, brain injury, or incomplete spinal cord injury can strongly influence walking recovery. However, more recent data suggest that attention towards 2 other training parameters, including the intensity and variability of walking practice, may maximize walking recovery and facilitate gains in non-walking outcomes. The combination of these training parameters represents a stark contrast from traditional strategies, and confusion regarding the potential benefits and perceived risks may limit their implementation in clinical practice.

Breaking boundaries: A rare case of glioblastoma with uncommon extraneural metastases: A case report and literature review.

Introduction: Extraneural metastases (ENM) from glioblastoma (GBM) remain extremely rare with only a scarce number of cases described in the literature. The lack of cases leads to no consensus on the optimal treatment and follow-up of these patients.

Research Question: Do patient or tumor characteristics describe risk factors for ENM in GBM patients, and is it possible to identify mechanisms of action?

Material And Methods: This study presents a 55-year-old man with diagnosed GBM who was referred to a CT due to reduced general condition and mild back pain which revealed extensive systemic metastases.

Starting a cultural collective for mothers of children with disabilities: A case study.

Background: Caring for children with disabilities in Tanzania involves significant challenges, including stigma, limited support and mental health risks. A cultural collective for caretakers of children with disabilities enrolled at a primary school was established to address these issues.

Objectives: The study aims to explore the experiences of caregivers who started a cultural collective and to assess its impact on their lives in the short term.

Semantic segmentation dataset of Land Use/Cover Area frame Survey (LUCAS) rural landscape Street View Images.

Urban focused semantically segmented datasets (e.g. ADE20k or CoCo) have been crucial in boosting research and applications in urban areas by providing rich sources of delineated objects in Street View Images (SVI).

LPMO-Catalyzed Oxidation of Cellulosic Fibers with Controlled Addition of a Reductant and HO.

Cellulose-derived biomaterials offer a sustainable and versatile platform for various applications. Enzymatic engineering of these fibers, particularly using lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), shows promise due to the ability to introduce functional groups onto cellulose surfaces, potentially enabling further functionalization. However, harnessing LPMOs for fiber engineering remains challenging, partly because controlling the enzymatic reaction is difficult and partly because limited information is available about how LPMOs modify the fibers.

Disease characteristics and outcomes of acute myeloid leukemia in germline deficiency (Familial Platelet Disorder with associated Myeloid Malignancy).

Familial Platelet Disorder with associated Myeloid Malignancy (FPDMM, FPD/AML, -FPD), caused by monoallelic deleterious germline variants, is characterized by bleeding diathesis and predisposition for hematologic malignancies, particularly myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Clinical data on FPDMM-associated AML (FPDMM-AML) are limited, complicating evidence-based clinical decision-making. Here, we present retrospective genetic and clinical data of the largest cohort of FPDMM patients reported to date.

Inefficient transfer of diatoms through the subpolar Southern Ocean twilight zone.

The Southern Ocean, a region highly vulnerable to climate change, plays a vital role in regulating global nutrient cycles and atmospheric CO via the biological carbon pump. Diatoms, photosynthetically active plankton with dense opal skeletons, are key to this process as their exoskeletons are thought to enhance the transfer of particulate organic carbon to depth, positioning them as major vectors of carbon storage. Yet conflicting observations obscure the mechanistic link between diatoms, opal and particulate organic carbon fluxes, especially in the twilight zone where greatest flux losses occur.

Plasma biomarkers of amyloid, tau, astrogliosis, and axonal injury in a mixed memory clinic cohort.

Introduction: Studies have shown that blood biomarkers can differentiate dementia disorders. However, the diagnosis of dementia still relies primarily on cerebrospinal fluid and imaging modalities. The new disease-modifying treatments call for more widely applicable biomarkers.

Multiple, Single Trait GWAS and Supervised Machine Learning Reveal the Genetic Architecture of Fraxinus excelsior Tolerance to Ash Dieback in Europe.

Common ash (Fraxinus excelsior) is under intensive attack from the invasive alien pathogenic fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, causing ash dieback at epidemic levels throughout Europe. Previous studies have found significant genetic variation among genotypes in ash dieback susceptibility and that host phenology, such as autumn yellowing, is correlated with susceptibility of ash trees to H. fraxineus; however, the genomic basis of ash dieback tolerance in F.

Redistribution of soil water by mature trees towards dry surface soils and uptake by seedlings in a temperate forest.

Hydraulic redistribution is considered a crucial dryland mechanism that may be important in temperate environments facing increased soil drying-wetting cycles. We investigated redistribution of soil water from deeper, moist to surface, dry soils in a mature mixed European beech forest and whether redistributed water was used by neighbouring native seedlings. In two experiments, we tracked hydraulic redistribution via (1) H labeling and (2) O natural abundance.

Beating Cardiac Cell Cultures From Different Developmental Stages of Rainbow Trout as a Novel Approach for Replication of Cardiac Fish Viruses.

Piscine orthoreovirus-1 and 3 (PRV-1, PRV-3) cause highly prevalent infection in cultured salmonids and can induce heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) resulting in economic losses in aquaculture. However, to date, PRV-1 and PRV-3 have withstood replication in continuous cell lines. In this study, we used beating heart cell cultures obtained from different developmental stages of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (RTC-L and RTC-A) and tested their ability to sustain replication of PRV-1 and PRV-3.

Recovery from pulmonary oxygen toxicity: a new (ESOT) model.

Arieli has previously demonstrated that the exposure metric K could be used to predict pulmonary oxygen toxicity (POT) based on changes in Vital Capacity (VC). Our previous findings indicate that the Equivalent Surface Oxygen Time (ESOT) allows the estimation of POT without loss of accuracy compared to K. In this work, we have further investigated POT recovery.

Effects of an intervention on immigrant parents' knowledge and attitudes toward their children's oral health: A cluster randomized trial in Norway.

There are no interventional studies on the oral health of immigrant children in Norway. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a culturally adapted oral health intervention for parental knowledge, attitude to oral hygiene, attitude to diet, and indulgence (permissiveness toward oral hygiene and sugar intake) concerning their children's oral health. A cluster randomized control trial, including immigrant parents of newborns, was conducted at seven health centers in Bergen (Norway) involving a 2-session one-to-one motivational interviews, toothbrushing demonstrations and pamphlets in the participants' native languages at baseline and after 6 months.

Imaging-based method to quantify left ventricular diastolic pressures.

Aim: To establish an imaging-based method to quantify left ventricular (LV) diastolic pressures.

Methods/results: In 115 patients suspected of coronary artery disease, LV pressure was measured by micromanometers and images by echocardiography. LV filling pressure was measured as LV pre-atrial contraction pressure (pre-A PLV).

Evaluating the impact of COVID-19 protection measures and staff absence on radiotherapy practice: A simulation study.

Background: Radiotherapy practice for cancer treatment is resource-intensive and demands optimised processes for patient throughput while guaranteeing the quality and safety of the therapy. With the COVID-19 pandemic, ad-hoc changes in the operation of radiotherapy centres became necessary to protect patients and staff. This simulation study aimed to quantify the impact of designated COVID-19 protection measures and pandemic-related staff absence on patient waiting times and throughput.

A Guide to Breast Cancer Research: An Introduction.

"A Guide to Breast Cancer Research: From Cells and Molecular Mechanisms to Therapy" is designed as a comprehensive reference for early career investigators and postgraduate students. This book aims to provide a broad overview of contemporary breast cancer research. It covers key areas including development and cancer, metastasis and immunology, subtypes, signalling, therapy, and resistance.

Long-term pulse pressure trajectories and risk of incident atrial fibrillation: the Tromsø Study.

Background And Aims: Sex-based differences in the association of long-term trends in pulse pressure with future risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) have been explored using data from the population-based Tromsø Study 1986-2016.

Methods: Women (n = 8331) and men (n = 7638) aged ≥20 years who attended at least two of the three Tromsø Study surveys conducted between 1986 and 2001 (the exposure period) were followed up for incident AF throughout 2016 (the follow-up period). Pulse pressure ≥60 mmHg was considered elevated.

Evaluation of an e-self-management intervention (Happy Hands app) for hand osteoarthritis: Study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Objective: This protocol paper describes the rationale and design of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) that aims to evaluate the (cost-)effectiveness of a 12 week e-self-management intervention (Happy Hands app) in people with hand osteoarthritis (HOA).

Methods: In this multicentre RCT, 376 people with HOA will be recruited from all four health regions in Norway. Consenting participants will be randomly allocated to either a control group receiving usual care or an intervention group receiving the Happy Hands app in addition to usual care.