The engagement of healthcare providers in implementing the selfBACK randomised controlled trial - A mixed-methods process evaluation.

Background: People with low back pain (LBP) are often recommended to self-manage their condition, but it can be challenging without support. Digital health interventions (DHIs) have shown promise in supporting self-management of LBP, but little is known about healthcare providers' (HCPs) engagement in implementing these.

Aims: We aimed to examine HCPs' engagement in patient recruitment for the selfBACK app clinical trial and explore their perceptions of the app.

Caledonian reactivation and reworking of Timanian thrust systems and implications for latest Mesoproterozoic to mid-Paleozoic tectonics and magmatism in northern Baltica.

Background: The Trollfjorden-Komagelva Fault Zone is the southernmost thrust fault of the Timanian Orogen and extends for thousands of kilometers from northwestern Russia to northern Norway. Though there is little about its location onshore northeastern Norway, where it is mapped as a major fault system dominantly comprised of NNE-dipping thrust faults, its continuation to the west below Caledonian nappes and offshore post-Caledonian sedimentary basins remains a matter of debate.

Methods: The present study provides a more definitive answer about the continuation of Trollfjorden-Komagelva Fault Zone west of the Varanger Peninsula by using seismic reflection, bathymetric, topographic, and magnetic data onshore Finnmark and offshore on the Finnmark Platform.

Basic self-disorders may play a role in the development of depression in schizophrenia: a seven-year follow-up study.

Introduction: Depression is the most common co-morbid psychiatric disorder in patients with schizophrenia and has a negative effect on functional outcomes and quality of life. There are several possible pathways leading to depressive symptoms in schizophrenia. Self-disorders are disturbances in the deepest, pre-reflective level of the self and are suggested to be core features of schizophrenia.

Changes in health related quality of life in mothers with inflammatory joint disease from year 2000 to 2020 - a comparative cross-sectional study.

Objectives: More knowledge about health related quality of life (HRQoL) among mothers with inflammatory joint disease (IJD) is needed to understand the complex challenges for this group of patients. The overall aim of this study was to investigate changes in HRQoL among mothers with IJD from year 2000 to year 2020.

Methods: This study had a comparative cross-sectional design with two study groups 20 years apart, year 2000 ( = 77) and year 2020 ( = 197).

Exploring barriers to adherence to COVID-19 infection control measures and advice among immigrants in Norway: A qualitative study.

Background: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, various infection control measures and advice have been issued by different authorities across the world to prevent the spread of the infection and associated mortality. However, the support for and ability to follow recommendations varies across countries and populations. In Norway, studies have shown that immigrants bear a higher burden of COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations, and associated mortality compared with the general population.

Multimodal consumer choice prediction using EEG signals and eye tracking.

Marketing plays a vital role in the success of a business, driving customer engagement, brand recognition, and revenue growth. Neuromarketing adds depth to this by employing insights into consumer behavior through brain activity and emotional responses to create more effective marketing strategies. Electroencephalogram (EEG) has typically been utilized by researchers for neuromarketing, whereas Eye Tracking (ET) has remained unexplored.

Microbial communities in the phyllosphere and endosphere of Norway spruce under attack by .

species complex has been regarded as the most destructive disease agent of conifer trees in boreal forests. Tree microbiome can regulate the plant-pathogen interactions by influencing both host resistance and pathogen virulence. Such information would help to improve the future health of forests and explore strategies to enhance ecosystem stability.

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, parental stress, and attachment styles.

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is a relatively new diagnostic entity concerning children with chronic irritability and severe anger outbursts. Currently, there is limited knowledge about the parental factors associated with the disorder. The aim of this study was to compare stress levels and attachment styles in parents of children with DMDD with those of parents of children with other diagnoses.

The active layer soils of Greenlandic permafrost areas can function as important sinks for volatile organic compounds.

Permafrost is a considerable carbon reservoir harboring up to 1700 petagrams of carbon accumulated over millennia, which can be mobilized as permafrost thaws under global warming. Recent studies have highlighted that a fraction of this carbon can be transformed to atmospheric volatile organic compounds, which can affect the atmospheric oxidizing capacity and contribute to the formation of secondary organic aerosols. In this study, active layer soils from the seasonally unfrozen layer above the permafrost were collected from two distinct locations of the Greenlandic permafrost and incubated to explore their roles in the soil-atmosphere exchange of volatile organic compounds.

Avian influenza annual report 2023.

All European Union (EU) Member States (MSs), along with Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and the United Kingdom (Northern Ireland), conduct surveillance for avian influenza (AI) in poultry and wild birds. EFSA, upon mandate of the European Commission, compiles and analyses this data in an annual report. This summary highlights findings from the 2023 surveillance activities.

The 'Cosmic Bluff' Revisited: Extended Nuclear Deterrence in the US-Norway Alliance.

What is the point of a nuclear umbrella? Conventional wisdom suggests that explicit nuclear security guarantees provide junior allies with credible security, facilitating regional stability and nuclear non-proliferation. Yet this is not the only possible reason to maintain a nuclear umbrella. Reassessing the history and politics of nuclear alignment through a case study of the US-Norway alliance, I find that nuclear umbrellas have endured, and can do so, in cases where both the security patron and client believe the arrangement to lack military credibility.

Hodological patterning as an organizing principle in vertebrate motor circuitry.

Hodological patterning refers to developmental mechanisms that link the location of neurons in the brain or spinal cord to specific axonal trajectories that direct connectivity to synaptic targets either within the central nervous system or in the periphery. In vertebrate motor circuits, hodological patterning has been demonstrated at different levels, from the final motor output of somatic and preganglionic autonomic neurons targeting peripheral motoneurons and ganglion cells, to premotor inputs from spinal and brainstem neuron populations targeting the somatic motoneurons and preganglionic autonomic neurons, to cortical neurons that delegate movement commands to the brainstem and spinal neurons. In many cases molecular profiling reveals potential underlying mechanisms whereby selective gene expression creates the link between location and axon trajectory.

The pollution fast-track to the arctic: how Southern wintering areas contribute to organochlorine loads in a migrant seabird breeding in the arctic.

This study examines how southern wintering areas may contribute to organochlorine (OCs) loads in arctic seabirds during breeding. Light-sensitive geolocators (GLS loggers) were deployed on Arctic skuas (Stercorarius parasiticus) in one high arctic and two subarctic colonies. Hexcahlorobenzene (HCB), Chlordanes, Mirex, p, p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloro- ethylene (p, p'-DDE), and Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured in the blood of breeding adults at the nest (58 individuals, a total of 128 samples) in northern Norway and Svalbard between 2009 and 2015.

The Experiences of Healthcare Services and Ageing Among Older Turkish Immigrants: A Qualitative Study.

Aims: The aim of this study is to explore patterns of the lived experiences of first-generation Turkish immigrants (≥ 60 years) living and ageing in Norway regarding their experiences with healthcare services and ageing.

Design: This study used a qualitative study.

Methods: The sample consisted of 17 individuals aged 60 and above who were of Turkish origin, and immigrated to and living in Norway.

The Development and Feasibility Testing of the Nurse-Led Transitioning Adolescents Off Cancer Treatment (TACT) Intervention.

Aim: To develop and assess the feasibility of a nurse-led intervention aimed at improving the transition from cancer treatment to survivorship for adolescents by providing personalised information and psychosocial and self-management support.

Design: Intervention development through co-creation with adolescent patients with cancer, their parents and health care professionals, based on the MRC framework and qualitative feasibility testing.

Methods: The intervention development involved three steps: (a) identifying the problem through interviews with key stakeholders and by reviewing existing evidence on transition tools and practices; (b) designing the intervention through co-creation workshops with stakeholders and (c) assessing feasibility, acceptability and participants' experiences of the intervention through interviews with adolescents, parents, healthcare professionals and teachers.

Limited evidence of association between dysregulated immune marker levels and telomere length in severe mental disorders.

Objective: Accelerated ageing indexed by telomere attrition is suggested in schizophrenia spectrum- (SCZ) and bipolar disorders (BD). While inflammation may promote telomere shortening, few studies have investigated the association between telomere length (TL) and markers of immune activation and inflammation in severe mental disorders.

Methods: Leucocyte TL defined as telomere template/amount of single-copy gene template (T/S ratio), was determined in participants with SCZ ( = 301) or BD ( = 211) and a healthy control group (HC, = 378).

Stochastic demethylation and redundant epigenetic suppressive mechanisms generate highly heterogeneous responses to pharmacological DNA methyltransferase inhibition.

Background: Despite promising preclinical studies, the application of DNA methyltransferase inhibitors in treating patients with solid cancers has thus far produced only modest outcomes. The presence of intratumoral heterogeneity in response to DNA methyltransferase inhibitors could significantly influence clinical efficacy, yet our understanding of the single-cell response to these drugs in solid tumors remains very limited.

Methods: In this study, we used cancer/testis antigen genes as a model for methylation-dependent gene expression to examine the activity of DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and their potential synergistic effect with histone deacetylase inhibitors at the single-cancer cell level.

Associations of maternal night shift work during pregnancy with DNA methylation in offspring: a meta-analysis in the PACE consortium.

Background: Night shift work during pregnancy has been associated with differential DNA methylation in placental tissue, but no studies have explored this association in cord blood. We aimed to examine associations of maternal night shift work with cord blood DNA methylation.

Methods: A total of 4487 mother-newborn pairs from 7 studies were included.

MRI delta radiomics during chemoradiotherapy for prognostication in locally advanced cervical cancer.

Background: Effective diagnostic tools for prompt identification of high-risk locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) patients are needed to facilitate early, individualized treatment. The aim of this work was to assess temporal changes in tumor radiomics (delta radiomics) from T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in LACC patients, and their association with progression-free survival (PFS). Furthermore, to develop, validate, and compare delta- and pretreatment radiomic signatures for prognostic modeling.

Patterns of psychiatric healthcare use during pandemic times among boys and girls with pre-existing diagnoses: a Norwegian nationwide primary and specialist healthcare registry study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic introduced complexities that were likely more demanding for some groups, such as children and adolescents, and especially those with pre-existing mental health diagnoses. This study examines long-term patterns of psychiatric healthcare use among this vulnerable group, providing insights into shifts in psychiatric healthcare use during a global health crisis.

Methods: We use data from the primary and specialist healthcare registries available from the Norwegian emergency preparedness register for COVID-19 (Beredt C19) to estimate patterns of psychiatric healthcare use.

Epigenome-wide association study of objectively measured physical activity in peripheral blood leukocytes.

Background: Few studies have explored the association between DNA methylation and physical activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of objectively measured hours of sedentary behavior (SB) and moderate physical activity (MPA) with DNA methylation. We further aimed to explore the association between SB or MPA related CpG sites and cardiometabolic traits, gene expression, and genetic variation.

Policy options for sustainable access to off-patent antibiotics in Europe.

Securing sustainable access to existing antibiotics optimises agent choice for individual treatments and is crucial to curb antibiotic resistance. Access to antibiotics is often restricted in many countries, due to general market unavailability or episodic shortages. This article outlines key policy options to maintain availability of existing antibiotics and enhance antibiotic supply chain resilience focusing on the perspectives of European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA) institutions and member states.

Ultrabroadband integrated electro-optic frequency comb in lithium tantalate.

The integrated frequency comb generator based on Kerr parametric oscillation has led to chip-scale, gigahertz-spaced combs with new applications spanning hyperscale telecommunications, low-noise microwave synthesis, light detection and ranging, and astrophysical spectrometer calibration. Recent progress in lithium niobate (LiNbO) photonic integrated circuits (PICs) has resulted in chip-scale, electro-optic (EO) frequency combs, offering precise comb-line positioning and simple operation without relying on the formation of dissipative Kerr solitons. However, current integrated EO combs face limited spectral coverage due to the large microwave power required to drive the non-resonant capacitive electrodes and the strong intrinsic birefringence of LiNbO.

Genomics yields biological and phenotypic insights into bipolar disorder.

Bipolar disorder is a leading contributor to the global burden of disease. Despite high heritability (60-80%), the majority of the underlying genetic determinants remain unknown. We analysed data from participants of European, East Asian, African American and Latino ancestries (n = 158,036 cases with bipolar disorder, 2.