Life satisfaction around the world: Measurement invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups.

The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) is a widely used self-report measure of subjective well-being, but studies of its measurement invariance across a large number of nations remain limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset-with data collected between 2020 and 2022 -to assess measurement invariance of the SWLS across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups (N = 56,968). All participants completed the SWLS under largely uniform conditions.

Depressive Symptoms and Amyloid Pathology.

Importance: Depressive symptoms are associated with cognitive decline in older individuals. Uncertainty about underlying mechanisms hampers diagnostic and therapeutic efforts. This large-scale study aimed to elucidate the association between depressive symptoms and amyloid pathology.

CpG island methylator phenotype classification improves risk assessment in pediatric T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Current intensive treatment of pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) has substantial side-effects, highlighting a need for novel biomarkers to improve risk stratification. Canonical biomarkers such as genetics and immunophenotype are largely not used in pediatric T-ALL stratification. This study aimed to validate the prognostic relevance of DNA methylation CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) risk stratification in two pediatric T-ALL patient cohorts: the Nordic NOPHO ALL2008 T-ALL study cohort (n=192) and the Dutch DCOG ALL-10/ALL-11 validation cohorts (n=156).

The multifaceted role of physiotherapy - a qualitative study exploring the experiences of physiotherapists working with adolescents with persistent pain.

Background: Persistent pain is increasingly recognized as a growing issue among adolescents worldwide, with an estimated prevalence of 10-30%. Physical therapy is a recommended treatment modality for managing this kind of pain. Yet, there is still limited knowledge regarding how physiotherapists experience, manage, and follow up this patient population.

Machine learning-based sales forecasting during crises: Evidence from a Turkish women's clothing retailer.

Background: Retail involves directly delivering goods and services to end consumers. Natural disasters and epidemics/pandemics have significant potential to disrupt supply chains, leading to shortages, forecasting errors, price increases, and substantial financial strains on retailers. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for retail sectors to prepare for crisis impacts on sales forecasts by regularly assessing and adjusting sales volumes, consumer behavior, and forecasting models to adapt to changing conditions.

Innovative Infrared Spectroscopic Technologies for the Prediction of Deoxynivalenol in Wheat.

Mycotoxin contamination in cereals is a global food safety concern. One of the most common mycotoxins in grains is deoxynivalenol (DON), a secondary metabolite produced by the fungi and . Exposure to DON can lead to adverse health effects in both humans and animals including vomiting, dizziness, and fever.

PET, SPECT, and MRI imaging for evaluation of Parkinson's disease.

This review assesses the primary neuroimaging techniques used to evaluate Parkinson's disease (PD) - a neurological condition characterized by gradual dopamine-producing nerve cell degeneration. The neuroimaging techniques explored include positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These modalities offer varying degrees of insights into PD pathophysiology, diagnostic accuracy, specificity by way of exclusion of other Parkinsonian syndromes, and monitoring of disease progression.

Extensive Inactive Neurocysticercosis: A Case Report in Mbeya, Southern Highlands of Tanzania.

Background: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) and Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are both highly prevalent in Africa. Clinical presentation of NCC ranges from asymptomatic to manifestations, including epileptic seizures, severe progressive headache, and focal neurological deficits. It is influenced by the number, size, location, and stage of the cysts, as well as the parasite's potential to cause inflammation and the immunological response of the host.

Apigenin inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in monocytes and macrophages independently of CD38.

Introduction: CD38, a regulator of intracellular calcium signalling, is highly expressed in immune cells. Mice lacking CD38 are very susceptible to acute bacterial infections, implicating CD38 in innate immune responses. The effects of CD38 inhibition on NLRP3 inflammasome activation in human primary monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages have not been investigated.

Chemokine associations with blood cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier permeability and delirium.

Delirium is a highly prevalent neuropsychiatric syndrome characterised by acute and fluctuating impairments in attention and cognition. Mechanisms driving delirium are poorly understood but it has been suggested that blood cytokines and chemokines cross the blood brain barrier during delirium, directly impairing brain function. It is not known whether these molecules reach higher brain levels when the blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) is impaired.

Corrigendum: Health-related quality of life in children born preterm at school age: the mediating role of social support and maternal stress.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.

Current practices in prevention, screening, and treatment of diabetes in kidney transplant recipients: European survey highlights from the ERA DESCARTES Working Group.

Background: Although post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a common complication after kidney transplantation, there are few data on prevention, optimal screening, and treatment strategies.

Methods: The European Renal Association's DESCARTES working group distributed a web-based survey to European transplant centres to gather information on risk assessment, screening procedures, and management practices for preventing and treating PTDM in kidney transplant recipients.

Results: Answers were obtained from 121/241 transplant centres (50%) across 15 European countries.

Positive end-expiratory pressure increases intracranial pressure but not pressure reactivity index in supine and prone positions: a porcine model study.

Introduction: Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and prone positioning can improve gas exchange by promoting uniform lung aeration. However, elevated ventilation pressures may increase intracranial pressure (ICP) and disrupt cerebral autoregulation. This study investigated the effects of PEEP on ICP and cerebral autoregulation in a porcine model with healthy lungs and normal ICP, comparing prone and supine positions.

Gaps in the ethical governance of pharmaceutical clinical trials in Europe.

The ethical governance of pharmaceutical clinical trials in Europe, particularly under Regulation 536/2014, is intended to ensure the safety, rights, and well-being of participants. Despite this regulatory framework, significant gaps in ethical oversight remain. This paper identifies five key deficiencies: (1) European regulations only partially address ethical imperatives set by international guidelines, thereby restricting the ethical mandate of relevant entities; (2) the role of research ethics committees is largely limited to pre-approval activities, reducing continuous oversight during trials; (3) GCP inspectors operate within a narrow scope regarding ethical oversight, which limits their ability to identify a broad range of unethical practices; (4) there is insufficient transparency and collaboration between RECs and regulators, specifically GCP inspectorates, leading to fragmented oversight; and (5) there is minimal integration of ethical findings into the marketing authorization decision process by entities such as clinical assessors and the CHMP.

Mental wellbeing of higher education students in challenging times.

Objective: Student age and starting higher education require adaptation to a new physical and psychosocial environment, making the time of studies a highly sensitive period. Current and future generations of students are also likely to face additional global stressors, which potentially exacerbate their mental wellbeing. The aim of the study was to investigate how higher education students' appraisal of the COVID-19 pandemic situation and of their personal resources predict mental wellbeing (anxiety and curiosity).

Towards a sustainable set of European Core Health Indicators (ECHI).

Background: The European Core Health Indicators (ECHI) are a set of 88 indicators that provide a compact overview of the extensive field of European public health and healthcare. The ECHI set adds value to European Union health information systems (HIS) for both Member States and EU-associated countries and the European Commission by providing a solid, comparable information base on national public health and healthcare trends and developments. The indicators allow for learning by comparison and the list supports the organisation of national health information systems.

Tigers, Terrain, and Human Settlement Influence the Occupancy of Leopards () in Southwestern Tarai, Nepal.

Maintaining a healthy population of common leopards, a highly adaptive felid, requires updated information on their spatial occurrence. In Nepal's Tarai region, leopards coexist with tigers, which are well-studied felid throughout its range. However, knowledge is very scarce on the patterns of leopard occupancy.

Challenges faced by community health volunteers in offering sexual and reproductive health care services to young women during the COVID-19 pandemic in Khwisero and Nairobi in Kenya.

Introduction: Community health volunteers (CHVs) are fundamental in many health systems across the globe. In Kenya, CHVs were essential in providing sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study highlights challenges experienced by community health volunteers in Kenya while providing SRH services during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Investigating the Flexibility of H-ZSM-5 Zeolite Upon Adsorption of Coke Precursors: A Theoretical and Experimental Approach.

The flexibility of the H-ZSM-5 zeolite upon adsorption of selected coke precursors was investigated using both theoretical and experimental approaches. Four structural models with varying active site locations were analyzed through density functional theory (DFT) simulations to determine their responses to different types and quantities of aromatic molecules. Complementary experimental analysis was performed, allowing for a direct comparison with the theoretical findings, using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), nitrogen adsorption (N adsorption), solid-state NMR, and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Niche partitioning in a periphyton metacommunity peaks at intermediate species richness in midsized rivers.

The trait-based partitioning of species plays a critical role in biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships. This niche partitioning drives and depends on community structure, yet this link remains elusive in the context of a metacommunity, where local community assembly is dictated by regional dispersal alongside local environmental conditions. Hence, elucidating the coupling of niche partitioning and community structure needs spatially explicit studies.

ME patient experiences: Sampling bias limits the external validity of findings.

In a recent paper in , Kielland et al. present a study with the first objective of documenting how helpful or unhelpful persons with ME perceive common services and interventions. The authors recruited participants by respondent driven sampling, a method that aims to produce estimates that correct for sampling bias.

Measuring social integration, treatment, and mortality after substance use treatment: methodological elaborations in a 20-year follow-up study.

Objective: Alcohol and Other Drug (AOD) disorders cause substantial harm. Effective Substance Use Treatment (SUT) exists, but long-term outcomes remain inconclusive. This study used a 20-year prospective follow-up of 1248 service users entering SUT in Stockholm, Sweden, in 2000-2002 to elaborate on how different dimensions of long-term outcomes may be measured by register-based indicators.