Social Determinants of Cardiovascular Health in US Adolescents: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999 to 2014.

Background Cardiovascular health (CVH) is suboptimal in US adolescents. Social determinants of health (SDOH) may affect CVH. We examined SDOH by race and ethnicity and assessed for associations between SDOH and CVH among US adolescents.

Participation in Clinical Trials Among Academic Dermatologists Affiliated With Veterans Affairs Hospitals: Survey Study.

Background: Clinical trials have led to the development of new and effective therapies for many dermatologic conditions. To our knowledge, there is no published study that has quantified and described the degree of involvement in clinical trials among academic dermatologists and their university affiliates.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterize the involvement of academic dermatology departments in clinical trials research.

Early assessment of irreversible electroporation ablation outcomes by analyzing MRI texture: preclinical study in an animal model of liver tumor.

Objectives: Accurate differentiation of temporary vs. permanent changes occurring following irreversible electroporation (IRE) holds immense importance for the early assessment of ablative treatment outcomes. Here, we investigated the benefits of advanced statistical learning models for an immediate evaluation of therapeutic outcomes by interpreting quantitative characteristics captured with conventional MRI.

Postpartum urinary retention after the institution of a universal voiding protocol.

Objective: Postpartum urinary retention is a frequently occurring condition for which screening is not typically a standardized part of postpartum care. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of and risk factors for postpartum urinary retention after the introduction of a universal postpartum voiding protocol.

Methods: This was a single-center retrospective case-control study of women delivering in a 12-month period.

Blood-Based Fingerprint of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Long-Term Health Outcomes in Young Adulthood.

Background Cardiorespiratory fitness is a powerful predictor of health outcomes that is currently underused in primary prevention, especially in young adults. We sought to develop a blood-based biomarker of cardiorespiratory fitness that is easily translatable across populations. Methods and Results Maximal effort cardiopulmonary exercise testing for quantification of cardiorespiratory fitness (by peak oxygen uptake) and profiling of >200 metabolites at rest were performed in the FHS (Framingham Heart Study; 2016-2019).

Relationships between adiposity distribution and metabolic health in preconception women in South Africa.

Objective: Adipose tissue is a central regulator of metabolic health and a contributor to systemic inflammation. Patterns of adiposity deposition are important to understand for optimizing health. This study aimed to asses relationships between adiposity deposition and metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers in South African women prior to conception.

Reliability and validity support for an abbreviated Copenhagen burnout inventory using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.

Objective: The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) is an open-access, valid, and reliable instrument measuring burnout that includes 19 items distributed across the following 3 domains (factors): personal burnout, work burnout, and patient burnout. The primary objective of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of an abbreviated CBI to assess burnout in emergency medicine residents.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the CBI that followed the 2021 American Board of Emergency Medicine In-training Examination.

Development of an expert consensus checklist for emergency ultrasound.

Background: Within today's competency-based medical education, traditional set number proficiency benchmarks have been called into question. Checklists may help guide individualized training and standardized outcomes. However, multicenter expert consensus checklists based on established guidelines with supporting validity evidence have not been published for specific emergency ultrasound (EUS) applications.

Phase Ib study of combinations of avadomide (CC-122), CC-223, CC-292, and rituximab in patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

There is a need for additional treatment options for patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who do not benefit from available therapies. We examined combinations of the cereblon E3 ligase modulator (CELMoD) agent avadomide (CC-122), the selective, ATP-competitive mammalian target of rapamycin kinase inhibitor CC-223, and the potent, selective, covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor CC-292 in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) DLBCL. In the multicenter, phase Ib CC-122-DLBCL-001 study (NCT02031419), the dose-escalation portion explored combinations of CC-122, CC-223, and CC-292 administered as doublets or triplets with rituximab in patients with chemorefractory DLBCL.

Methods of improving brain dose estimates for internally deposited radionuclides.

The US National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) convened Scientific Committee 6-12 (SC 6-12) to examine methods for improving dose estimates for brain tissue for internally deposited radionuclides, with emphasis on alpha emitters. This Memorandum summarises the main findings of SC 6-12 described in the recently published NCRP Commentary No. 31, 'Development of Kinetic and Anatomical Models for Brain Dosimetry for Internally Deposited Radionuclides'.

Gut Microbiota, Plasma Metabolomic Profiles, and Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis in HIV Infection.

Background: Alterations in gut microbiota and blood metabolomic profiles have been implicated in HIV infection and cardiovascular disease. However, it remains unclear whether alterations in gut microbiota may contribute to disrupted host blood metabolomic profiles in relation to atherosclerosis, especially in the context of HIV infection.

Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional associations between gut microbiota features and carotid artery plaque in 361 women with or at high risk of HIV (67% HIV+), and further integrated plaque-associated microbial features with plasma lipidomic/metabolomic profiles.

Retinol Depletion in COVID-19.

Background And Aims: COVID-19 has been a devastating pandemic. There are indications that vitamin A is depleted during infections. Vitamin A is important in development and immune homeostasis.

Level I PD-MCI Using Global Cognitive Tests and the Risk for Parkinson's Disease Dementia.

Background: The criteria for PD-MCI allow the use of global cognitive tests. Their predictive value for conversion from PD-MCI to PDD, especially compared to comprehensive neuropsychological assessment, is unknown.

Methods: The MDS PD-MCI Study Group combined four datasets containing global cognitive tests as well as a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment to define PD-MCI (n = 467).

Telemedicine for Liver Transplant Evaluations: The Benefits and Risks.

Content available: Author Interview and Author Audio Recording.

Telemedicine and Health Disparities.

Content available: Author Audio Recording.

Network-wise concordance of multimodal neuroimaging features across the Alzheimer's disease continuum.

Background: Concordance between cortical atrophy and cortical glucose hypometabolism within distributed brain networks was evaluated among cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker-defined amyloid/tau/neurodegeneration (A/T/N) groups.

Method: We computed correlations between cortical thickness and fluorodeoxyglucose metabolism within 12 functional brain networks. Differences among A/T/N groups (biomarker normal [BN], Alzheimer's disease [AD] continuum, suspected non-AD pathologic change [SNAP]) in network concordance and relationships to longitudinal change in cognition were assessed.

Establishing a National Cardiovascular Disease Surveillance System in the United States Using Electronic Health Record Data: Key Strengths and Limitations.

Cardiovascular disease surveillance involves quantifying the evolving population-level burden of cardiovascular outcomes and risk factors as a data-driven initial step followed by the implementation of interventional strategies designed to alleviate this burden in the target population. Despite widespread acknowledgement of its potential value, a national surveillance system dedicated specifically to cardiovascular disease does not currently exist in the United States. Routinely collected health care data such as from electronic health records (EHRs) are a possible means of achieving national surveillance.