Skin fibrosis is accompanied by increased expression of secreted frizzled-related protein-2.

Dermal fibrosis is a consequence of damage to skin and is accompanied by dysfunction and cosmetic disfigurement. Improved understanding of the pathological factors driving skin fibrosis is critical to development of therapeutic modalities. Here, we describe that the Wnt signalling antagonist SFRP2 is upregulated in organotypic keratinocyte cultures upon experimental reduced hydration, a model that simulates the aberrant epidermal barrier state characteristic of several skin pathologies, including those that manifest in development of fibrosis.

Maxillary Sinus Anatomy and Physiology.

This study summaries the anatomy, including neurovascular anatomy, and physiology of the maxillary sinus. As the maxillary sinus is intimately related to the maxillary dentition, the maxillary sinus is the first paranasal sinus to become involved in infections of dental origin. Not only are these infections often very symptomatic but also spread to neighboring paranasal sinuses and extrasinus tissues such as the skin and the orbit.

State rumination predicts inhibitory control failures and dysregulation of default, salience, and cognitive control networks in youth at risk of depressive relapse: Findings from the RuMeChange trial.

Background: Trait rumination is a habitual response to negative experiences that can emerge during adolescence, increasing risk of depression. Trait rumination is correlated with poor inhibitory control (IC) and altered default mode network (DMN) and cognitive control network (CCN) engagement. Provoking state rumination in high ruminating youth permits investigation of rumination and IC at the neural level, highlighting potential treatment targets.

Utility of Metabolomic Biomarkers to Identify Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Liver Transplant Recipients.

Unlabelled: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a rising indication for liver transplantation (LT). Identification of NAFLD recurrence and those at risk for more progressive disease after LT remains elusive as the diagnosis requires biopsy, which is invasive and impractical for serial monitoring. We therefore aimed to identify metabolites in the blood associated with recurrent NAFLD that could potentially be used for detection and monitoring.

In Vitro Modulation of Redox and Metabolism Interplay at the Brain Vascular Endothelium: Genomic and Proteomic Profiles of Sulforaphane Activity.

Sulforaphane (SFN) has been shown to protect the brain vascular system and effectively reduce ischemic injuries and cognitive deficits. Given the robust cerebrovascular protection afforded by SFN, the objective of this study was to profile these effects in vitro using primary mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells and focusing on cellular redox, metabolism and detoxification functions. We used a mouse MitoChip array developed and validated at the FDA National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR) to profile a host of genes encoded by nuclear and mt-DNA following SFN treatment (0-5 µM).

Creating a multi-center rare disease consortium - the Consortium of Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Researchers (CEGIR).

 Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) affect various segments of the gastrointestinal tract. Since these disorders are rare, collaboration is essential to enroll subjects in clinical studies and study the broader population. The Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network (RDCRN), a program of the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), funded the Consortium of Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Researchers (CEGIR) in 2014 to advance the field of EGIDs.

Orientation to the Operating Room: An Introduction to the Surgery Clerkship for Third-Year Medical Students.

Introduction: The operating room is a complex environment in which individual team members perform specific tasks according to their role. A simulation activity was created to introduce medical students on the surgery clerkship to issues relating to patient safety, infection control, and regulatory requirements.

Methods: This activity takes place prior to general surgery rotation operative experiences, and addresses the need for students to practice roles they will perform while participating in patient care.

Introduction to Safe Space Training: Interactive Module for Promoting a Safe Space Learning Environment for LGBT Medical Students.

Introduction: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) students face challenges in achieving their educational goals. By understanding concepts surrounding sexual orientation and gender identity, faculty, staff, and students can support LGBT community members and provide a safe educational space. In order to address this we created a condensed training resource that focused on skill building and is easily implemented institution-wide for students, residents, fellows, faculty, and staff.

Team-Based Simulation for Medical Student Handoff Education.

Introduction: Good handoffs require teamwork, clear communication, a cognitively safe environment, and a good understanding of the patient's medical needs. Complex tertiary care training institutions require multiple handoffs over a patient's time in the hospital. Medical students need better handoff education.

GWAS identifies four novel eosinophilic esophagitis loci.

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an allergic disorder characterized by infiltration of the oesophagus with eosinophils. We had previously reported association of the TSLP/WDR36 locus with EoE. Here we report genome-wide significant associations at four additional loci; c11orf30 and STAT6, which have been previously associated with both atopic and autoimmune diseases, and two EoE-specific loci, ANKRD27 that regulates the trafficking of melanogenic enzymes to epidermal melanocytes and CAPN14, that encodes a calpain whose expression is highly enriched in the oesophagus.

Interunit handoffs of patients and transfers of information: a survey of current practices.

Study Objective: We describe the current state of emergency department to inpatient handoffs and assess handoff best practices between emergency physicians and hospitalist medicine physicians.

Methods: A survey was distributed electronically to emergency medicine and internal medicine physicians at 10 hospitals across the United States. Descriptive and quantitative analysis was performed on survey results.

Improving interunit transitions of care between emergency physicians and hospital medicine physicians: a conceptual approach.

Patient care transitions across specialties involve more complexity than those within the same specialty, yet the unique social and technical features remain underexplored. Further, little consensus exists among researchers and practitioners about strategies to improve interspecialty communication. This concept article addresses these gaps by focusing on the hand-off process between emergency and hospital medicine physicians.

Minor physical anomalies are not increased in the offspring of mothers with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective: To determine the incidence and type of minor physical anomalies (MPAs) in infants born to mothers with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: Each trimester, pregnant women with SLE were assessed for disease activity, prescribed drug use, and exposure to tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs through a self reported questionnaire. Infant examinations were performed on 30/39 (77%) live births in women with SLE and the incidence of MPAs determined.

Capturing more emergency department errors via an anonymous web-based reporting system.

Objectives: It is generally understood that errors occur during patient care in the emergency department (ED). However, the errors that are reported likely represent a fraction of those that occur. Increasing the error reporting rate would allow for more opportunities to investigate the root causes of errors and improve systems design as part of a continuous quality improvement (CQI) process.

Clinical operations in academic emergency medicine.

The operations of an emergency department are increasingly being recognized as vital to the provision of safe, efficient, quality care. The numerous and highly variable processes that characterize our system must be closely examined and investigated to identify those which are effective and those which are not. Original research in this field should be promoted and embraced by our society for both our patients and our profession.

Human keratinocytes express functional CD14 and toll-like receptor 4.

CD14 and the toll-like receptor 4 have been known to play an important role in lipopolysaccharide-induced cellular responses in bacterial infections. Although CD14 and toll-like receptor 4 expression has been demonstrated in a number of myeloid cells, much less is known about the expression and function of these lipopolysaccharide receptors on nonleukocytes. In this study, we demonstrate that human keratinocytes are capable of expressing functional CD14 and toll-like receptor 4.