38 results match your criteria: "Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering[Affiliation]"
NPJ Digit Med
December 2024
Department of Preventative Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Patient smart access and self-triage systems have been in development for decades. As of now, no LLM for processing self-reported patient data has been published by health systems. Many expert systems and computational models have been released to millions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Pathol Lab Med
October 2024
From the Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (Goldstein, Nateghi, Cooper).
Context.—: Assessment of placental villous maturation is among the most common tasks in perinatal pathology. However, the significance of abnormalities in morphology is unclear and interobserver variability is significant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Surg
December 2024
Northwestern Quality Improvement, Research & Education in Surgery (NQUIRES), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
Front Cardiovasc Med
June 2024
Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a significant source of mortality worldwide and carries a mortality of greater than 80% after rupture. Despite extensive efforts to develop pharmacological treatments, there is currently no effective agent to prevent aneurysm growth and rupture. Current treatment paradigms only rely on the identification and surveillance of small aneurysms, prior to ultimate open surgical or endovascular repair.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJVS Vasc Sci
March 2024
Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
Objective: Sympathetic innervation plays a pivotal role in regulating cardiovascular health, and its dysregulation is implicated in a wide spectrum of cardiovascular diseases. This study seeks to evaluate the impact of denervation of the abdominal aorta on its morphology and wall homeostasis.
Methods: Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats (N = 12), aged 3 months, underwent midline laparotomy for infrarenal aorta exposure.
Cell Rep
March 2024
Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Electronic address:
Chromatin structure is regulated through posttranslational modifications of histone variants that modulate transcription. Although highly homologous, histone variants display unique amino acid sequences associated with specific functions. Abnormal incorporation of histone variants contributes to cancer initiation, therapy resistance, and metastasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Res
June 2024
Division of Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Background: Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome (CCHS) has devastating consequences if not diagnosed promptly. Despite identification of the disease-defining gene PHOX2B and a facial phenotype, CCHS remains underdiagnosed. This study aimed to incorporate automated techniques on facial photos to screen for CCHS in a diverse pediatric cohort to improve early case identification and assess a facial phenotype-PHOX2B genotype relationship.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Comput Sci
April 2023
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Individual cells within an otherwise genetically homogenous population constantly undergo fluctuations in their molecular state, giving rise to non-genetic heterogeneity. Such diversity is being increasingly implicated in cancer therapy resistance and metastasis. Identifying the origins of non-genetic heterogeneity is therefore crucial for making clinical breakthroughs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
November 2023
Division of Allergy and Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.
Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec)-8 is a sialoside-binding receptor expressed by eosinophils and mast cells that exhibits priming status- and cell type-dependent inhibitory activity. On eosinophils that have been primed with IL-5, GM-CSF, or IL-33, antibody ligation of Siglec-8 induces cell death through a pathway involving the β2 integrin-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via NADPH oxidase. In contrast, Siglec-8 engagement on mast cells inhibits cellular activation and mediator release but reportedly does not impact cell viability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPaediatr Anaesth
August 2023
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Introduction: More than 40,000 children undergo surgical interventions annually for the treatment of congenital heart defects. Intraoperative and postoperative vital sign monitoring is a cornerstone of pediatric care.
Methods: A single-arm prospective observational study was performed.
Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging
February 2023
Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N Michigan Ave, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL 60611 (J.L., M.M.); and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering, Evanston, Ill (M.M.).
JACC Adv
October 2022
Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute Center for Artificial Intelligence, Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Background: Timely referral for specialist evaluation in patients with advanced heart failure (HF) is a Class 1 recommendation. However, the transition from stage C HF to advanced or stage D HF often goes undetected in routine care, resulting in delayed referral and higher mortality rates.
Objectives: The authors sought to develop an augmented intelligence-enabled workflow using machine learning to identify patients with stage D HF and streamline referral.
Expert Opin Drug Deliv
February 2023
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering, Evanston, IL, USA.
Introduction: Current and developing mast cell therapeutics are reliant on small molecule drugs and biologics, but few are truly selective for mast cells. Most have cellular and disease-specific limitations that require innovation to overcome longstanding challenges to selectively targeting and modulating mast cell behavior. This review is designed to serve as a frame of reference for new approaches that utilize nanotechnology or combine different drugs to increase mast cell selectivity and therapeutic efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Magn Reson Imaging
September 2023
Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Background: Hemodynamic assessment of left atrial (LA) flow using phase contrast MRI provides insight into thromboembolic risk in atrial fibrillation (AF). However, conventional flow imaging techniques are averaged over many heartbeats.
Purpose: To evaluate beat-to-beat variability and LA hemodynamics in patients with AF using real time phase contrast (RTPC) MRI.
J Magn Reson Imaging
August 2023
Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Background: In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the right ventricle (RV) tends to be relatively well preserved, but characterization remains difficult due to its complex architecture. Tissue phase mapping (TPM) is a phase contrast cine MRI technique that allows for multidirectional assessment of myocardial velocities.
Purpose: To use TPM to elucidate relationships between myocardial structure, function, and clinical variables in DMD.
Int J Cardiovasc Imaging
February 2023
Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N. Michigan Ave. Suite 1600, 60611, Chicago, IL, USA.
Purpose: We assessed the impact of bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), aortic stenosis (AS), and regurgitation (AR) on the metrics of left ventricular (LV) remodeling, as measured by electrocardiogram (ECG), transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR).
Methods: This retrospective CMR study included 11 patients with both AS and AR (BAV-ASR), 30 with AS (BAV-AS), 28 with AR (BAV-AR), 47 with neither AS nor AR (BAV-no_AS/AR), and 40 with trileaflet aortic valve (TAV-no_AS/AR). CMR analysis included the LV end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVi), mass index (LVMi), and extracellular volume fraction (ECV).
Am J Clin Nutr
December 2022
Health Policy and Management, City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA.
Precision nutrition is an emerging concept that aims to develop nutrition recommendations tailored to different people's circumstances and biological characteristics. Responses to dietary change and the resulting health outcomes from consuming different diets may vary significantly between people based on interactions between their genetic backgrounds, physiology, microbiome, underlying health status, behaviors, social influences, and environmental exposures. On 11-12 January 2021, the National Institutes of Health convened a workshop entitled "Precision Nutrition: Research Gaps and Opportunities" to bring together experts to discuss the issues involved in better understanding and addressing precision nutrition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Hybrid Imaging
August 2022
Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 420 East Superior St, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
Background: Large vessel vasculitis (LVV) can be characterized based on symptom severity, and this characterization helps clinicians decide upon treatment approach. Our aim was to compare the imaging findings of combined modality positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance (PET/MR) and inflammatory markers between severe and non-severe LVV. A retrospective query was performed to identify all patients with LVV who underwent PET/MR at our institution between January 2015 and January 2021.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMagn Reson Med
October 2022
Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Purpose: Dual-velocity encoded (dual-venc or DV) 4D flow MRI achieves wide velocity dynamic range and velocity-to-noise ratio (VNR), enabling accurate neurovascular flow characterization. To reduce scan time, we present interleaved dual-venc 4D Flow with independently prescribed, prospectively undersampled spatial resolution of the high-venc (HV) acquisition: Variable Spatial Resolution Dual Venc (VSRDV).
Methods: A prototype VSRDV sequence was developed based on a Cartesian acquisition with eight-point phase encoding, combining PEAK-GRAPPA acceleration with zero-filling in phase and partition directions for HV.
Patient Educ Couns
July 2022
Division of General Internal Medicine & Geriatrics, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address:
Objective: Recognition of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) during 9-1-1 calls is critically important, but little is known about how laypersons and emergency medical dispatchers (EMDs) communicate. We sought to describe 9-1-1 calls for OHCA.
Methods: We performed a mixed-methods, retrospective analysis of 9-1-1 calls for OHCA victims in a large urban emergency medical services (EMS) system using a random sampling of cases containing the term "cardiopulmonary resuscitation" (CPR) in the EMS electronic report.
Int J Obes (Lond)
May 2022
Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Background: Individuals typically show a childhood nadir in adiposity termed the adiposity rebound (AR). The AR serves as an early predictor of obesity risk, with early rebounders often at increased risk; however, it is unclear why this phenomenon occurs, which could impede understandings of weight gain trajectories. The brain's energy requirements account for a lifetime peak of 66% of the body's resting metabolic expenditure during childhood, around the age of the AR, and relates inversely to weight gain, pointing to a potential energy trade-off between brain development and adiposity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Crit Care
June 2022
Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care, 1685 Highland Avenue, 5158 Medical Foundation Centennial Building, Madison, WI 53705-2281, United States of America; University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Health Sciences Learning Center, 750 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, United States of America. Electronic address:
Design thinking is a problem-solving approach characterized by the empathetic lens through which designers integrate perspectives of end-users and key stakeholders throughout the entire process of developing solutions. This approach is rooted in diverse fields including engineering, computer science, psychology, and business and is increasingly widespread in healthcare. Herein, we describe the promise of design thinking to help solve intractable problems in healthcare delivery, including those within the complex social and technical intensive care unit system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Geriatr Soc
April 2022
Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
J Magn Reson Imaging
August 2022
Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Background: Gadobutrol (GB) and gadoterate meglumine (GM) are contrast agents used for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CEMRA). Supraaortic vasculature (SAV) CEMRAs are used to evaluate stroke risk and neurologic symptoms. There is a need to compare the SAV CEMRA image quality obtained with GB and GM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNMR Biomed
December 2021
Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Tissue phase mapping (TPM) is an MRI technique for quantification of regional biventricular myocardial velocities. Despite its potential, clinical use is limited due to the requisite labor-intensive manual segmentation of cardiac contours for all time frames. The purpose of this study was to develop a deep learning (DL) network for automated segmentation of TPM images, without significant loss in segmentation and myocardial velocity quantification accuracy compared with manual segmentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF