The design and implementation of a multi-center, pragmatic, individual-level randomized controlled trial to evaluate Baby2Home, an mHealth intervention to support new parents.

Background: Becoming a parent is a transformative experience requiring multiple transitions, including the need to navigate several components of health care, manage any mental health issues, and develop and sustain an approach to infant feeding. Baby2Home (B2H) is a digital intervention built on the collaborative care model (CCM) designed to support families during these transitions to parenthood.

Objectives: We aim to investigate the effects of B2H on preventive healthcare utilization for the family unit and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) trajectories with a focus on mental health.

Workplace Leave and Breastfeeding Duration Among Postpartum Women, 2016-2018.

To examine associations of workplace leave length with breastfeeding initiation and continuation at 1, 2, and 3 months. We analyzed 2016 to 2018 data for 10 sites in the United States from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, a site-specific, population-based surveillance system that samples women with a recent live birth 2 to 6 months after birth. Using multivariable logistic regression, we examined associations of leave length (< 3 vs ≥ 3 months) with breastfeeding outcomes.

Oral antibiotic prescribing patterns for treatment of pulmonary exacerbations in two large pediatric CF centers.

Introduction: Oral antibiotics are frequently prescribed for outpatient pulmonary exacerbations (PEx) in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). This study aimed to characterize oral antibiotic use for PEx and treatment outcomes at two large US CF centers.

Methods: Retrospective, descriptive study of oral antibiotic prescribing practices among children with CF ages 6-17 years over 1 year.

Pediatric Neurosurgery in East Africa: An Education and Needs-Based Survey.

Introduction: A pediatric neurosurgery training workshop was organized for residents and consultants in East Africa. We aimed to compile feedback from the course participants to 1) characterize the state of neurosurgical education; and 2) identify the perceived practical education needs.

Methods: The survey of demographic, clinical background and practice, and feedback questions was distributed to all attendees.

Utility and practice of electrodiagnostic testing in the pediatric population: An AANEM consensus statement.

Nerve conduction studies and needle electromyography, collectively known as electrodiagnostic (EDX) studies, have been available for pediatric patients for decades, but the accessibility of this diagnostic modality and the approach to testing vary significantly depending on the physician and institution. The maturation of molecular diagnostic approaches and other diagnostic technologies such as neuromuscular ultrasound indicate that an analysis of current needs and practices for EDX studies in the pediatric population is warranted. The American Association of Neuromuscular & Electrodiagnostic Medicine convened a consensus panel to perform literature searches, share collective experiences, and develop a consensus statement.

First-stage palliation strategy for univentricular heart disease may impact risk for acute kidney injury.

Objective: Norwood palliation for patients with single ventricle heart disease is associated with a significant risk for acute kidney injury, which portends a worse prognosis. We sought to investigate the impact of hybrid stage I palliation (Hybrid) on acute kidney injury risk.

Design: This study is a single-centre prospective case-control study of seven consecutive neonates with single ventricle undergoing Hybrid palliation.

State of the Plastic Surgery Workforce and the Impact of Graduate Medical Education Reform on Training of Plastic Surgeons.

Background: Although recent estimates predict a large impending shortage of plastic surgeons, graduate medical education funding through the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services remains capped by the 1997 Balanced Budget Act. The authors' aim was to develop a plan to stimulate legislative action.

Methods: The authors reviewed responses of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, American College of Surgeons, and American Medical Association from January of 2015 to a House Energy & Commerce Committee request for input on graduate medical education funding.

Exercise Performance and 22q11.2 Deletion Status Affect Quality of Life in Tetralogy of Fallot.

Objective: To identify mediators of health status and quality of life (QOL) in children and adolescents aged 8-18 years old following surgical repair for tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), including resource use, exercise performance, and 22q11.2 deletion status.

Study Design: We performed a corollary study to a cross-sectional analysis of subjects following repair for TOF that completed cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, cardiopulmonary exercise tests, and instruments assessing health status and QOL.

Endothelial Function and Arterial Stiffness Relate to Functional Outcomes in Adolescent and Young Adult Fontan Survivors.

Background: Fontan survivors demonstrate diminished vascular function and functional outcomes, but the relationships between these measures have not been established.

Methods And Results: We performed a cross-sectional study of 60 Fontan survivors (52% male) with a mean age of 13.9±4.

SnapShot-Seq: a method for extracting genome-wide, in vivo mRNA dynamics from a single total RNA sample.

mRNA synthesis, processing, and destruction involve a complex series of molecular steps that are incompletely understood. Because the RNA intermediates in each of these steps have finite lifetimes, extensive mechanistic and dynamical information is encoded in total cellular RNA. Here we report the development of SnapShot-Seq, a set of computational methods that allow the determination of in vivo rates of pre-mRNA synthesis, splicing, intron degradation, and mRNA decay from a single RNA-Seq snapshot of total cellular RNA.