Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice via NF-κB/MAPK Suppression and Gut Microbiota Modulation.

(CUM) possesses various biological effects, including anti-inflammatory, intestinal microbiota regulatory, and immunomodulatory activities. However, there has been little exploration regarding the effects of CUM on ulcerative colitis (UC). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of CUM on alleviating dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC in mice and to explore the potential underlying mechanisms.

The Impact of Uterus-Derived Prostaglandins on the Composition of Uterine Fluid During the Period of Conceptus Elongation in Dairy Heifers.

In ruminants, the survival and development of the conceptus are heavily dependent on the composition of the uterine lumen fluid (ULF), which is influenced by prostaglandins (PGs). However, the variations in underlying PG-mediated ULF remain unclear. Herein, cycling heifers received an intrauterine infusion of vehicle as a control (CON) or meloxicam (MEL) on days 12-14 of the estrous cycle.

Highly Sensitive Temperature Sensing in Biological Region with Ratiometric Fluorescent Response.

Poly(2-oxazoline) (POx), a typical thermoresponsive polymer with good biocompatibility, was conjugated with environment-sensitive tetraphenylenethene (TPE) and hydroxyphenylbenzoxazole (HBO) to achieve unique thermometer readings. Through phase transition induced by temperature, the thermometers can measure temperature in biologic range with ratiometric fluorescence response, ultrahigh sensitivity and good reversibility. Moreover, the thermometer can be used to measure the change in temperature with large fluorescence difference in living cells.

Monte Carlo Micro-Stress Field Simulations in Flax/E-Glass Composite Laminae with Non-Circular Flax Fibres.

This study explores the mechanical behaviour of intra-laminar hybrid flax/E-glass composites, focusing on the role of micro-scale irregularities in flax fibres. By employing computational micromechanics and Monte Carlo simulations, it analyses the influence of flax fibre geometry and elastic properties on the performance of hybrid and non-hybrid composites. A Non-Circular Fibre Distribution (NCFD) algorithm is introduced to generate microstructures with randomly distributed non-circular flax and circular E-glass fibres, which are then modelled using a 3D (RVE) model developed in Python 2.

Research Advances in Natural Polymers for Environmental Remediation.

The search for sustainable and efficient remediation techniques is required to control increasing environmental pollution caused by synthetic dyes, heavy metal ions, and other harmful pollutants. From this point of view, natural polymers like chitosan, cellulose, lignin, and pectin have been found highly promising due to their biodegradability, availability, and possibility of chemical functionalization. Natural polymers possess inherent adsorption properties that can be further enhanced by cross-linking and surface activation.

Effect of Dietary Addition of on Rumen Flora, Lactation, and Health of Dairy Goats.

(LE) is a nutrient-rich medicinal fungus with potential applications in animal nutrition; however, its effects on dairy goats remain underexplored. This study investigated the impact of dietary LE addition on rumen microbiota, metabolic profiles, serum immunity, and milk quality in lactating dairy goats. Twenty Saanen goats were randomly assigned to a control group (CON, basal diet) or an LE group (basal diet + 25 g ) for 56 days.

Comparative Analysis of Feeding Largemouth Bass () with Trash Fish and a Compound Diet: Effects on the Growth Performance, Muscle Quality and Health Condition.

Two feeding strategies based on the use of trash fish (TF) and an artificial compound feed (ACF) were compared in terms of growth performance, feed efficiency, muscle quality and health status in . For this purpose, fish (128 ± 14 g; n = 102) were divided into two groups and fed with the TF and ACF in triplicate for 90 days. Results showed that the growth performance and condition factor were not affected by the diet, whereas the viscerosomatic and hepatosomatic indexes in the ACF group were higher than in the TF group.

Inter-Software Reproducibility of Quantitative Values of Myocardial Blood Flow and Coronary Flow Reserve Acquired by [N]NH MPI PET/CT and the Effect of Motion Correction Tools.

The choice of software package (SP) for image processing affects the reproducibility of myocardial blood flow (MBF) values in [N]NH PET/CT scans. However, the impact of motion correction (MC) tools-integrated software motion correction (ISMC) or data-driven motion correction (DDMC)-on the inter-software reproducibility of MBF has not been studied. This research aims to evaluate reproducibility among three commonly used SPs and the role of MC.

Water Hammer Phenomenon in Coronary Arteries: Scientific Basis for Diagnostic and Predictive Modeling with Acoustic Action Mapping.

In the study of coronary artery disease, the mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis initiation and progression or regression remain incompletely understood. Our research conceptualized the cardiovascular system as an integrated network of pumps and pipes, advocating for a paradigm shift from static imaging of coronary stenosis to dynamic assessments of coronary flow. Further review of fluid mechanics highlighted the water hammer phenomenon as a compelling analog for processes in coronary arteries.

Preventing Recurrent Otitis Media in Children Aged 2-7 Years: A Cross-Sectional Evaluation of Serum Vitamin D as a Modifiable Factor.

: Otitis media (OM) is a common pediatric condition that significantly impacts hearing, language development, and quality of life. Emerging evidence suggests that vitamin D plays a crucial role in immune regulation and that deficiency may predispose children to recurrent OM. This study aimed to evaluate whether low serum vitamin D levels are associated with increased incidence and severity of OM in children aged 2-7 years.

Oral health and nutrition: addressing disparities in socioeconomically disadvantaged older adults in rural China.

Background: Inequalities in oral health and nutrition present substantial challenges for vulnerable older adults. Although poor oral health is known to increase the risk of inadequate dietary quality and compromised nutritional status, limited evidence exists on this relationship among socioeconomically disadvantaged older adults in rural areas-a particularly vulnerable population. This study investigates the association between oral health, dietary quality and nutritional status among socioeconomically disadvantaged older adults in rural China.

Analysis of synonymous codon usage bias in the chloroplast genome of five Caragana.

Background: The genus Caragana, known for its adaptability and high forage value, is commonly planted to rehabilitate barren land and prevent desertification. Several Caragana species are also used for medicinal purposes. Analysis of synonymous codon usage bias and their primary influencing factors in chloroplast genomes aims to provide insights into molecular research and germplasm innovation for Caragana plants.

Expression variation of Viola APETALA3 orthologous genes is correlated with chasmogamous and cleistogamous flower development.

Background: Viola philippica and V. prionantha develop chasmogamous (CH) flowers under ≤ 12-h daylight conditions and cleistogamous (CL) flowers under long daylight (> 12-h daylight) conditions (LD), whereas V. cornuta develops CH flowers regardless of the daylight conditions.

Investigating Causal Links Between Gut Microbiota and Neurological Disorders via Genome-Wide Association Studies.

Many reports have highlighted the involvement of the gut microbiome in the occurrence, progression, and outcomes of neurological disorders. However, current reports are somewhat chaotic, especially concerning whether the gut microbiota has a causal effect on various neurological diseases. Furthermore, whether there is a common mechanism involving gut microbial communities in these neurological disorders has not to be revealed.

On the novel finding of two modified-Nix-Gao models for indentation size effect.

Existing modified-Nix-Gao models have been developed to accurately describe the descending indentation size effect (ISE). This raises the question of whether the modified-Nix-Gao models can describe other types of ISE. In this paper, because Nix-Gao-Feng and Nix-Gao-Haušild models are exceptionally straightforward and user-friendly, the two modified-Nix-Gao models are chosen to make a systematic study.

Robust Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surfaces with Fast Self-Replenishment Properties for Anticontaminant, Anti-Icing, and Anticorrosion Applications on Magnesium Alloys.

Slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPSs), a class of functional bioinspired surface, have earned a position at the forefront of many areas such as anticorrosion, anti-icing, antifogging, antibacterial, anticontaminant, microflow control, and drag reduction. However, the fast self-replenishing ability of SLIPS remains extremely challenging due to limited lubricant storage capacity or microstructure impeding fluid flow. Herein, a superhydrophobic surface was prepared by spraying the sepiolite/zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 hybrid material with a layered three-dimensional (3D) fibrous porous network structure on the magnesium (Mg) alloy surface.

First Report of Goji Fruit Rot Caused by in Ningxia, China.

Goji berry (Lycium barbarum L.) is a fruit with high nutritional and medicinal value, widely cultivated in northwest China (Wang et al. 2023).

Morpho-molecular identification of causing anthracnose disease of banana in Pakistan.

Banana (Musa spp.) is widely cultivated as the major fruit in Pakistan. Anthracnose fruit rot caused by various Colletotrichum spp.

Fabrication of tailored imprinted layer and cladded layer on magnetic nanomaterials with enhanced specificity for recognition of PFOS.

Background: Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a persistent organic pollutant with significant risks to ecosystems and human health. Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) provide a promising solution for selectively extracting PFOS from contaminated water. However, while bifunctional monomer imprinting improves the imprinting effect by introducing diverse functional groups, it can also increase non-specific adsorption.

Recanalization for Symptomatic Non-acute Intracranial Large Vessel Occlusion: An Observational Study.

Aim: This study investigated the efficacy and safety of endovascular revascularization for symptomatic non-acute atherosclerotic intracranial LVO.

Methods: For non-acute atherosclerotic intracranial large vessel occlusion (LVO), despite aggressive medical treatment, recurrent ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack related to the occluded artery still occurs repeatedly. This retrospective cohort study included stroke patients with intracranial LVO who received endovascular treatment (EVT), categorized by successful recanalization and the time interval from symptom onset to revascularization (＜30 days vs.

p38γ modulates ferroptosis in brain injury caused by ethanol and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion by regulating the p53/SLC7A11 signaling pathway.

Ischemic stroke, a neurological condition with a complicated etiology that is accompanied by severe inflammation and oxidative stress, and ethanol (EtOH) may aggravate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced brain damage. However, the effect of prolonged alcohol intake on acute brain injury remains ambiguous. As part of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, p38γ is involved in ferroptosis and inflammation in various diseases.

Meta-analyses of the global impact of non-antibiotic feed additives on livestock performance and health.

Introduction: The impact of non-antibiotic feed additives on livestock performance and health is contingent upon a multitude of variables, including the animal species, dosage and type of feed additives, and duration of oral administration. However, there is a paucity of knowledge regarding the relationship between these factors and the performance of livestock animals.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to conduct a global meta-analysis based on a pool of empirical studies to investigate the effects of dietary additives on growth, production, blood metabolites, immunity, intestinal morphology, and the abundance of gut microbiota in livestock.

Discovery and identification of semaphorin 4D as a bioindicator of high fracture incidence in type 2 diabetic mice with glucose control.

Introduction: Bone fracture is increasing in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) due to skeletal fragility. Most antidiabetics are expected to reduce the incidence of fracture in patients with T2DM, however the results are disappointing. Metformin and GLP-1 receptor agonists have a neutral or minor positive effect in reducing fractures.

Distribution and potential sources of iodine in particulate matter at an industrial city in Northwest China.

Iodine plays a key role in atmospheric chemistry that can significantly affect the atmospheric oxidation capacity. Although the oceans are the main reservoir of iodine on Earth, iodine is also widely present in the terrestrial environment. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the present sources of iodine in inland areas is warranted for the evaluation of its environmental effect.

A high-resolution N-glycoproteome landscape of aging mouse ovary.

Ovarian aging typically precedes the decline of other organ systems, yet its molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Glycosylation as one of the most important protein modifications has been especially unexplored in this context. Here, we present the first high-resolution glycoproteomic landscape of aging mouse ovaries, uncovering site-specific N-glycan signatures across subcellular components such as high proportions of complex glycans, core fucosylation, and LacdiNAc branches at the zone pellucida.