Bisecting GlcNAc modification diminishes the pro-metastatic functions of small extracellular vesicles from breast cancer cells.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are enriched in glycoconjugates and display specific glycosignatures. Aberrant expression of surface glycoconjugates is closely correlated with cancer progression and metastasis. The essential functions of glycoconjugates in sEVs are poorly understood.

Evolutionary legacy of a forest plantation tree species (): Implications for widespread afforestation.

Many natural systems are subject to profound and persistent anthropogenic influence. Human-induced gene movement through afforestation and the selective transportation of genotypes might enhance the potential for intraspecific hybridization, which could lead to outbreeding depression. However, the evolutionary legacy of afforestation on the spatial genetic structure of forest tree species has barely been investigated.

Development and validation of a survival model based on autophagy-associated genes for predicting prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the novel prognostic gene signature based on autophagy-associated genes (ARGs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: The RNA sequencing data and clinical information of HCC and normal tissues were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The differentially expressed ARGs were screened by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Polysaccharides extracted from Rheum tanguticum ameliorate radiation-induced enteritis via activation of Nrf2/HO-1.

Radiation-induced enteritis is a major side effect in cancer patients undergoing abdominopelvic radiotherapy. The Nrf2/HO-1 pathway is a critical endogenous antioxidant stress pathway, but its precise role in radiation-induced enteritis remains to be clarified. Polysaccharides extracted from Rheum tanguticum (RTP) can protect the intestinal cells from radiation-induced damage, but the underlying mechanism is unknown.

Time-resolved characteristics of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy on non-flat samples by single beam splitting.

A single-beam-splitting approach was used to enhance the signal intensity of LIBS under the extreme conditions of laser beam grazing of the surface of non-flat samples. Time-resolved spectra show that the laser-ablated plasma presents a stronger spectral intensity and a slower plasma decay in the split beam mode because of the higher laser irradiance. The temporal evolutions of signal enhancement factors indicate that the enhancement effect first rises and then drops with delay time and the maximum enhancement factor of Al plasma comes later than that of Cu plasma under the same laser energy.

Characterization of organophosphatic brachiopod shells: spectroscopic assessment of collagen matrix and biomineral components.

The shells of linguloid brachiopods such as and are inorganic-organic nanocomposites with a mineral phase of calcium phosphate (Ca-phosphate). Collagen, the main extracellular matrix in Ca-phosphatic vertebrate skeletons, has not previously been clearly resolved at the molecular level in organophosphatic brachiopods. Here, modern and recently-alive linguliform brachiopod shells of and have been studied by microRaman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission gun scanning electron microscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis.

A series of guanidine salts of 3,6-bis-nitroguanyl-1,2,4,5-tetrazine: green nitrogen-rich gas-generating agent.

Nitrogen-rich energetic materials (EMs) have been widely studied because of their high thermal stability, insensitivity, excellent detonation performance and non-toxic characteristics. In particular, these compounds are well applied as gas-generating agents (GGAs). As a nitrogen-rich heterocyclic framework, 1,2,4,5-tetrazine derivatives have shown great potential in the design of GGAs.

Protective effects of selenium-enriched peptides from against high-fat diet induced obesity and its associated metabolic disorders in mice.

Selenium-enriched peptides from (CSP) have excellent antioxidant functions but little is known about their effects on obesity and associated metabolic disorders in mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). In this study, C57BL/6 mice were fed a HFD with or without CSP supplementation (CSPL: 26 μg Se per kg bw per d; CSPH: 104 μg per kg bw per d) for 10 weeks. The results showed that both CSPL and CSPH could ameliorate overweight gain, excess fat accumulation, serum lipid metabolism, and insulin resistance.

Iridium-catalyzed -selective carbon-hydrogen amidation of benzamides with sulfonyl azides in ionic liquid.

An efficient and convenient iridium(iii) catalyzed -C-H bond amidation of weakly coordinating benzamides treated with readily available sulfonyl azides as the amino source has been described. In this transformation, ionic liquids represents an ideal reaction medium, giving rise to a broad range of amidation products under mild conditions in the open air. This protocol offers moderate to excellent chemical yields, exclusive regioselectivities, and good functional group tolerance.

Enhancement of the photocatalytic synchronous removal of Cr(vi) and RhB over RP-modified flower-like SnS.

Although photocatalysis is frequently employed to remove various pollutants in water, it still suffers from low efficiency due to the rapid recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes. In this study, a red phosphorus/tin disulfide (RP/SnS) composite photocatalyst is fabricated by loading nano-sized RP on flower-like SnS films with a facile hydrothermal method. It is noteworthy that the 2D heterojunction formed between SnS and RP provided channels for the rapid transfer of photon-generated carriers and their effective separation.

Programmable ROS-Mediated Cancer Therapy via Magneto-Inductions.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a group of oxygen derived radicals and derivatives, can induce cancer cell death via elevated oxidative stress. A spatiotemporal approach with safe and deep-tissue penetration capabilities to elevate the intracellular ROS level is highly desirable for precise cancer treatment. Here, a mechanical-thermal induction therapy (MTIT) strategy is developed for a programmable increase of ROS levels in cancer cells via assembly of magnetic nanocubes integrated with alternating magnetic fields.

[Virtual screen of effective AChE inhibitory constituents from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma based on pharmacophore and molecular docking].

This research is to predict anti-Alzheimer's disease active constituents on the target of acetylcholinesterase(AChE) from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma with the help of pharmacophore and molecular docking. AChE ligand-based pharmacophore model was set up and the molecular library of the constituents from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma were established by collecting literature. Then the constituents from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma were screen for the potential AChE inhibitory potency in silico through matching with the best pharmacophore model.

Grading of Glioma: combined diagnostic value of amide proton transfer weighted, arterial spin labeling and diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: To investigate the ability of amide proton transfer (APT) weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), arterial spin labeling (ASL), diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and the combination for differentiating high-grade gliomas (HGGs) from low-grade gliomas (LGGs).

Methods: Twenty-seven patients including nine LGGs and eighteen HGGs underwent conventional, APT, ASL and DWI MRI with a 3.0-T MR scanner.

Simulated spatial radiation impacts learning and memory ability with alterations of neuromorphology and gut microbiota in mice.

Complex space environments, including microgravity and radiation, affect the body's central nervous system, endocrine system, circulatory system, and reproductive system. Radiation-induced aberration in the neuronal integrity and cognitive functions are particularly well known. Moreover, ionizing radiation is a likely contributor to alterations in the microbiome.

A hillock-like phenomenon with low friction and adhesion on a graphene surface induced by relative sliding at the interface of graphene and the SiO substrate using an AFM tip.

Graphene demonstrates high potential as an atomically thin solid lubricant for sliding interfaces in industry. However, graphene as a coating material does not always exhibit strong adhesion to any substrates. When the adhesion of graphene to its substrate weakens, it remains unknown whether relative sliding at the interface exists and how the tribological properties of the graphene coating changes.

Preparation of Injectable Composite Hydrogels by Blending Poloxamers with Calcium Carbonate-Crosslinked Sodium Alginate.

The effects of calcium carbonate-crosslinked sodium alginate on poloxamer hydrogels have been investigated. The mechanical strength, degradability, and thermal stability of hydrogels were characterized. The chemical and physical crosslinking in the composite hydrogels has resulted in an improvement of the compressive strength and elasticity of the hydrogels.

GMBP1-conjugated manganese oxide nanoplates for monitoring of gastric cancer MDR using magnetic resonance imaging.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a huge challenge for gastric cancer chemotherapy. Therefore, MDR accurate monitoring is of great significance for the treatment of gastric cancer. GMBP1, an extracellular internalization peptide, can target MDR gastric cancer cells through specific binding to GRP78, which is an MDR-related protein that is overexpressed in gastric cancer cells.

A Highly Cost-Efficient Large-Scale Uniform Laminar Plasma Jet Array Enhanced by - Characteristic Modulation in a Non-Self-Sustained Atmospheric Discharge.

Developing cost-efficient large-scale uniform plasma jets represents a significant challenge for high performance in material processing and plasma medicine. Here, a - characteristic modulation approach is proposed to reduce the discharge power and increase the plasma scale and chemical activity in non-self-sustained atmospheric direct-current discharges. The electric field in discharge space is optimized to fundamentally empower simultaneously initiating all discharge cells far below Townsend breakdown potential and stably sustaining each plasma jet at low voltage.

Three-dimensional printing flexible models: a novel technique for Nuss procedure planning of pectus excavatum repair.

Background: Pectus excavatum (PE), one of the most common congenital chest wall deformities, is characterized by posterior depression of the sternum and lower costal cartilages. In this study, we demonstrated the application of flexible three-dimensional printing thoracic models for surgical approach planning of extrapleural Nuss procedure for patients with pectus excavatum.

Methods: Six patients with pectus excavatum were referred to our hospital for extrapleural Nuss procedure.

One-pot synthesis of corolla-shaped gold nanostructures with (110) planes.

In this work, corolla-shaped gold nanostructures with (110) planes were successfully synthesized using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the co-reductants and shape-directing agents. The structure and the mechanism of the nanostructures were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical characterization. On the basis that surface energies of different gold crystallographic planes are in the order (111) < (100) < (110), the (110) plane has the highest surface energy among the low-index planes.

An NIF-doped ZIF-8 hybrid membrane for continuous antimicrobial treatment.

Sodium alginate (ALG) composites with ZIF-8 and niflumic acid (NIF) were prepared by a one-pot method at room temperature and characterized by FTIR, SEM and XRD studies. In the composite, ZIF-8 was used as a highly connected node in a supercrosslinked polymer network. In addition, the material exhibits good antibacterial activity against and .

Alterations in serum protein glycopatterns related to small cell lung cancer, adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma of the lung.

: The main reason why lung cancer has maintained a high rate of morbidity and mortality is that its early diagnosis is difficult. No current lung cancer screening is recommended by any major medical organization due to the lack of sensitive and specific screening technologies. Thus, this study aimed to systematically investigate the correlation between the alterations in serum glycosylation and three main types of lung cancers (SCLC, ADC and SqCC).

Efficient white polymer light-emitting diodes (WPLEDs) based on covalent-grafting of into PVK.

Thanks to the straightforward white light of single grafting-type polymers based on earth-abundant Zn(ii)-complexes, producing cost-effective flexible WOLEDs/WPLEDs with good device performance remains a formidable challenge. Herein, by using the polymer with excellent physical properties for single-layer WPLEDs, record-high efficiencies ( = 13.0 cd A, = 6.

Population genetic structure and adaptive differentiation of iron walnut subsp. in southwestern China.

Southwestern (SW) China is an area of active tectonism and erosion, yielding a dynamic, deeply eroded landscape that influences the genetic structure of the resident populations of plants and animals. Iron walnut ( subsp. ) is a deciduous tree species endemic to this region of China and cultivated there for its edible nuts.

Effects of metal-organic complex Ni(Salen) on thermal decomposition of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7).

The development of novel combustion catalysts is critical for improving combustion performance of high-energy solid propellants. In this work, a nickel-based Schiff base complex, ,'-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamino nickel [Ni(Salen)], as a candidate for the combustion catalyst of solid propellants, was synthesized with high purity. The effects of Ni(Salen) on the thermal decomposition reaction of FOX-7, which is closely related to its combustion properties in propellants, were systematically investigated and the corresponding mechanisms were also evaluated through comparison and analysis.