Two new species and key to four species of the genus Humphaplotropis from China (Orthoptera: Pamphagidae, Pamphaginae).

Two new species i.e.: Humphaplotropis xiai sp.

Two new species of the genus Aalatettix Zheng & Mao (Orthoptera, Tetrigoidea, Tetrigidae) from Taiwan, China.

Two new species of the genus Aalatettix Zheng & Mao, 2002, namely Aalatettix yangi sp. nov. and Aalatettix xiai sp.

Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Acridoidea (Orthoptera: Caelifera) based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit sequences.

Phylogenetic relationships of Acridoidea were examined using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit sequences (COI, COII and COIII, total 2970bp). Fourteen grasshopper species of thirteen genera from seven families were sequenced to obtain mitochondrial genes data, along with twenty-two grasshopper species were obtained from the GenBank nucleotide database. The purpose of this study is to infer the phylogenetic relationships among families within Acridoidea and testing the monophyly of Acridoidea and each families of it.

RDM4 modulates cold stress resistance in Arabidopsis partially through the CBF-mediated pathway.

The C-REPEAT-BINDING FACTOR (CBF) pathway has important roles in plant responses to cold stress. How the CBF genes themselves are activated after cold acclimation remains poorly understood. In this study, we characterized cold tolerance of null mutant of RNA-DIRECTED DNA METHYLATION 4 (RDM4), which encodes a protein that associates with RNA polymerases Pol V and Pol II, and is required for RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) in Arabidopsis.

Discovery of a new species of Formosatettix Tinkham, 1937 (Orthoptera, Tetrigoidea, Tetrigidae) from China.

A new species of the genus Formosatettix Tinkham, 1937, namely Formosatettix xiai sp. n. is described and illustrated.

Molecular Biogeography of Tribe Thermopsideae (Leguminosae): A Madrean-Tethyan Disjunction Pattern with an African Origin of Core Genistoides.

Thermopsideae has 45 species and exhibits a series of interesting biogeographical distribution patterns, such as Madrean-Tethyan disjunction and East Asia-North America disjunction, with a center of endemism in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau (QTP) and Central Asia. Phylogenetic analysis in this paper employed maximum likelihood using ITS, rps16, psbA-trnH, and trnL-F sequence data; biogeographical approaches included BEAST molecular dating and Bayesian dispersal and vicariance analysis (S-DIVA). The results indicate that the core genistoides most likely originated in Africa during the Eocene to Oligocene, ca.

Novel Diketopiperazine Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors Purified from Traditional Tibetan Animal Medicine Osteon Myospalacem Baileyi.

Traditional Tibetan medicine provides an abundant source of knowledge on human ailments and their treatment. As such, it is necessary to explore their active single compounds used to treat these ailments to discover lead compounds with good pharmacologic properties. In this present work, animal medicine, Osteon Myospalacem Baileyi extracts have been separated using a two-dimensional preparative chromatographic method to obtain single compounds with high purity as part of the following pharmacological research.

Impacts of diffuse radiation on light use efficiency across terrestrial ecosystems based on Eddy covariance observation in China.

Ecosystem light use efficiency (LUE) is a key factor of production models for gross primary production (GPP) predictions. Previous studies revealed that ecosystem LUE could be significantly enhanced by an increase on diffuse radiation. Under large spatial heterogeneity and increasing annual diffuse radiation in China, eddy covariance flux data at 6 sites across different ecosystems from 2003 to 2007 were used to investigate the impacts of diffuse radiation indicated by the cloudiness index (CI) on ecosystem LUE in grassland and forest ecosystems.

A novel two-dimensional preparative chromatography method designed for the separation of traditional animal Tibetan medicine Osteon Myospalacem Baileyi.

Animal medicine is an important part in traditional Tibetan medicine. However, information about the chemical composition of animal medicine is very limited, and there is a lack of comprehensive chromatographic purification methods. In the present work, animal medicine Osteon Myospalacem Baileyi was taken as an example and a novel two-dimensional preparative chromatographic method was established for the preparation of single compounds with high purity from the extract of Osteon Myospalacem Baileyi.

The requirement for protein kinase C delta (PRKCD) during preimplantation bovine embryo development.

Protein kinase C (PKC) delta (PRKCD) is a member of the novel PKC subfamily that regulates gene expression in bovine trophoblast cells. Additional functions for PRKCD in early embryonic development in cattle have not been fully explored. The objectives of this study were to describe the expression profile of PRKCD mRNA in bovine embryos and to examine its biological roles during bovine embryo development.

The Arabidopsis kinesin gene AtKin-1 plays a role in the nuclear division process during megagametogenesis.

Atkin - 1 , the only Kinesin-1 member of Arabidopsis thaliana , plays a role during female gametogenesis through regulation of nuclear division cycles. Kinesins are microtubule-dependent motor proteins found in eukaryotic organisms. They constitute a superfamily that can be further classified into at least 14 families.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Humphaplotropis culaishanensis sp. nov. (Orthoptera: Acridoidea: Pamphagidae: Pamphaginae).

The complete mitochondrial genome of Humphaplotropis culaishanensis sp. nov., which was collected from the Shandong Province of China, is reported here.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Asiotmethis jubatus (Uvarov, 1926) (Orthoptera: Acridoidea: Pamphagidae).

The complete mitochondrial genome of Asiotmethis jubatus (Uvarov, 1926), which was collected from the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, is reported here. It is 15,669 bp in length and contains 72.3% AT.

Genome analysis of seven species of Kengyilia (Triticeae: Poaceae) with FISH and GISH.

The genome compositions and genetic relationships of seven species of Kengyilia were assessed using a sequential fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) technique. Five species, K. kokonorica, K.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Filchnerella beicki Ramme, 1931 (Orthoptera: Acridoidea: Pamphagidae).

Abstract The complete mitochondrial genome of Filchnerella beicki Ramme, 1931, which was collected from the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China, is reported here. It is 15,658 bp in length and contains 72.3% AT.

Separation of phenylpropanoid glycosides from a Chinese herb by HSCCC.

An effective high-speed counter-current chromatography method was established for the preparative isolation and purification of two phenylpropanoid glycosides from the Tibetan medicinal plant Pedicularis longiflora Rudolph. var. tubiformis (Klotz).

Cloning and characterization of chromosomal markers in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).

Eleven tandemly repetitive sequences were identified from a Cot-1 library by FISH and sequence analysis of alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Five repetitive sequences (MsCR-1, MsCR-2, MsCR-3, MsCR-4, and MsCR-5) were centromeric or pericentromeric, of which three were satellite DNAs and two were minisatellite DNAs. Monomers of 144, 148, and 168 bp were identified in MsCR-1, MsCR-2, and MsCR-3, respectively, while 15 and 39 bp monomers were identified in MsCR-4 and MsCR-5, respectively.

A sensitive and efficient method for simultaneous trace detection and identification of triterpene acids and its application to pharmacokinetic study.

A sensitive and efficient method for simultaneous trace detection of seven triterpene acids was developed and validated for analysis of rat plasma samples. The required micro-sampling of only 20 μL blood reduced the difficulty in blood collection and the injury to animal. The whole pretreatment procedure was more conveniently finished within 26 min through the application of the semi-automated derivatization extraction method to biological samples.

Analysis of free fatty acids in Notopterygium forbesii Boiss by a novel HPLC method with fluorescence detection.

A new labeling reagent for fatty acids, 1-(9H-carbazol-9-yl) propan-2-yl-methanesulfonate (CPMS), has been synthesized and successfully applied to the HPLC determination of fatty acids in traditional Chinese herb Notopterygium forbesii Boiss. The reaction of CPMS with fatty acids could proceed easily and quickly in the presence of K(2)CO(3) catalyst within 30 min. The derivatives exhibit excellent fluorescence property with excitation and emission wavelengths of 293 nm and 360 nm respectively.

One-step preparative separation of two polyhydroxystilbenes from Rheum likiangense Sam. by high-speed counter-current chromatography.

Introduction: The official rhubarb species have frequently been investigated for their hydroxyanthraquinone components and associated pharmacological properties. However, other unofficial rhubarb species were rarely studied until polyhydroxystilbenes (PHS), which commonly occur in the unofficial rhubarb, revealed a range of potential bioactivities. Hence, there has been increasing interest in the efficient preparation of high-purity PHS for pharmacological and clinical trials.

Characterization of alien chromosomes in backcross derivatives of Triticum aestivum × Elymus rectisetus hybrids by using molecular markers and sequential multicolor FISH/GISH.

Wild Triticeae grasses serve as important gene pools for forage and cereal crops. Based on DNA sequences of genome-specific RAPD markers, sequence-tagged site (STS) markers specific for W and Y genomes have been obtained. Coupling with the use of genomic in situ hybridization, these STS markers enabled the identification of the W- and Y-genome chromosomes in backcross derivatives from hybrids of bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.

Microsatellite development for an endangered bream Megalobrama pellegrini (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) using 454 sequencing.

Megalobrama pellegrini is an endemic fish species found in the upper Yangtze River basin in China. This species has become endangered due to the construction of the Three Gorges Dam and overfishing. However, the available genetic data for this species is limited.

[HPLC determination of four components in Tibetan medicine Dangzuo of different Tibetan regions].

Objective: To develop an HPLC method for determination of gallic acid, hydroxysafflor yellow A, cinnamic aldehyde and piperine in Tibetan medicine Dangzuo, and to compare the content of four active components in Dangzuo of different Tibetan regions.

Method: The separation was carried out on a Waters XTerra RP-C18 column ( 4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm).

[Study on processing technics of Tibetan medicine Nanhanshuishi].

Objective: To study the heat processing technics of Nanhanshuishi.

Method: To find the best processing technic, the single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments were designed basing on the processing technics summarized by consulting documents, scriptures and investigating some Tibetan hospitals, meanwhile, the content of Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu in the processed Nanhanshuishi in single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments were detected.

Result: The best processing technic of Nanhanshuishi was as follows: Nanhanshuishi was crashed to 10-20 mm in diameter, the ratio of the weight of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix and potassium nitrate was 1: 2, and the boiling time was 3 h.

Development of a new HPLC method with precolumn fluorescent derivatization for rapid, selective and sensitive detection of triterpenic acids in fruits.

Triterpenic acids are widespread in plants and have multiplicity of biological properties. Unfortunately the method for accurate analysis of these compounds remains poorly investigated. This study proposed a highly sensitive and selective precolumn derivatization method for accurate determination of five triterpenic acids (betulinic acid, betulonic acid, maslinic acid, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid) in fruits using acridone-9-ethyl-p-toluenesulfonate (AETS) as fluorescent labeling reagent by HPLC with fluorescence detection (FLD).