Prevalence, diversity, and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella spp. isolated from river sediments in Northwest Mexico.

Introduction: Salmonella is a major foodborne pathogen widely distributed in the environment. Surface water, soil, and sediments may confer a protective effect on Salmonella against non-host conditions.

Methodology: This study focused on determining the prevalence of Salmonella spp.

Anti-inflammatory Effects of the Fucoidan from Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus.

Fucoidan from Apostichopus japonicus (Aj-FUC) has shown anti-inflammatory activity, whereas its mechanism was not explicated. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory potential and mechanism of the fucoidan from green and purple A. japonicus (G-FUC and P-FUC) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW264.

Resource Segmentation: A New Dimension of the Segmentation Hypothesis in Drought Adaptive Strategies and Its Links to Tree Growth Performance.

The segmentation hypothesis, a framework for understanding plant drought adaptive strategy, has long been based on hydraulic resistance and vulnerability. Storage of water and carbohydrate resources is another critical function and shapes plant drought adaption and fitness together with hydraulic efficiency and vulnerability. However, patterns and implications of the interdependency of stored water and carbohydrate resources in the context of the segmentation hypothesis are poorly understood.

Genetic Correlations Among Dental, Mandibular, and Postcranial Dimensions in Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta).

Objectives: Tooth dimensions typically scale with mandibular and postcranial size in primates, although the exact pattern of scaling varies. This study assesses whether correlations by tissue type, anatomical region, or function (mastication or intrasexual competition) are present and could therefore act as evolutionary constraints on tooth-jaw-body size relationships by estimating genetic and phenotypic correlations between dental, mandibular, and postcranial dimensions in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta).

Materials And Methods: The teeth, mandibles, and postcrania of 362 adults from the Cayo Santiago skeletal collection were measured.

Affinity for OH Produces Four-Coordinated Zn Impurities in Hydrated Amorphous Calcium Carbonate.

Using ab initio based molecular dynamics and electronic structure calculations, we show that Zn impurities in hydrated amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) have a much lower coordination number than other divalent impurities due to covalent interactions between the 3d Zn shell and the oxygen atoms of the carbonate and water groups. The local structure around Zn in ACC, including the predicted low coordination number, is confirmed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy of synthetic Zn-bearing ACC. The strong Zn-O chemical interaction leads to substantial water dissociation and slightly disrupts the hydrogen bonding network.

Pinnatifone A, isolated from Syringa pinnatifolia (Oleaceae), exhibits inhibitory activity against phytopathogenic fungi and can be employed to formulate a soluble concentrate agent.

Background: In the realm of plant diseases, those caused by fungi and oomycetes are particularly challenging to manage, resulting in significant economic losses. There exist diverse active substances in natural products and developing them into fungicides holds great significance. At the initial phase of our research, we discovered that Syringa pinnatifolia extract demonstrates broad-spectrum inhibitory activity against phytopathogenic fungi.

Effect of ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction on proso millet bran protein: extraction rate, structural and functional properties.

Background: Proso millet bran protein (PMBP), derived from agricultural by-products, possesses high nutritional value, despite its challenging extraction process. The present study proposes an extraction method for PMBP using ultrasound-assisted cellulase technology (UAE), and optimizes the process parameters. Non-waxy (N-PMBP) and waxy (W-PMBP) PMBPs, extracted through alkaline solubilization and acid precipitation (conventional treatment, CT), served as control groups to assess the impact of UAE on the structure and functionality of PMBP, as well as the distinctions between N-PMBPs and W-PMBPs.

Chirality of sub-nanometer nanowires/nanobelts.

Chirality is a widespread phenomenon in the fields of nature and chemicals, endowing compounds with distinctive chemical and biological characteristics. The conventional synthesis of chiral nanomaterials relies on the introduction of chiral ligands or additives and environmental factors such as solvents and mechanical forces. Sub-nanometer nanowires (SNWs) and sub-nanometer nanobelts (SNBs) are one-dimensional nanomaterials with high anisotropy, nearly 100% atomic exposure ratio and some other distinctive characteristics.

Magnitude of Depression and Associated Factors in Women Living With HIV in Northwest, Ethiopia: Mediation Analysis.

Depression in women living with HIV (WLWHIV), is one of the most common public health concerns worldwide. Depression has a negative impact on antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, quality of life, poor HIV treatment outcomes, and mortality. However, there is a paucity of evidence in low-income countries such as Ethiopia in WLWHIV.

Efficient adsorptive removal of potassium from potassium perrhenate solution using a cationic ion exchange resin.

Potassium is a harmful impurity in the rhenium sinter, which adversely affects its mechanical properties by significantly reducing the density of sintered rhenium. Cationic resin is a promising material for potassium removal. In this study, the strong acid cationic exchange resin C160H was pretreated with an HNO solution to enhance its performance in potassium removal.

Health-promoting lifestyle behaviors and their associated factors among pregnant women in Debre Markos, northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors during pregnancy is a crucial health promotion strategy that could reduce pregnancy-related complications that may harm women and their fetuses. However, very few studies have assessed the prevalence of health-promoting lifestyle behaviors among pregnant women in Ethiopia. This study aimed to evaluate the extent and associated factors of health-promoting lifestyle behaviors among pregnant women in public health institutions in Debre Markos, northwest Ethiopia.

Hibernation Habitat Selection by the Threatened Chinese Softshell Turtle () in the Yellow River Wetlands of Northwest China: Implications for Conservation Management.

Hibernation is a crucial aspect of the life history of freshwater turtles inhabiting temperate regions. Therefore, understanding their hibernation habitat selection is essential for the targeted conservation of turtle species and their habitats. The Chinese softshell turtle (), a medium-sized freshwater turtle, is widely distributed in China; however, populations are rapidly declining, and threatened by habitat destruction, overfishing, and water pollution.

Numerical Simulation Study on Fish Habitats in the Downstream Section of Yangqu Hydropower Station.

To promote the coordinated and sustainable development of hydropower exploitation and ecological environment in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, a fine simulation of the downstream riverway of Yangqu Hydropower Station was carried out to analyze the impact of the changes in water depth and flow velocity on fish habitats after the impoundment of Yangqu Hydropower Station. In this paper, was selected as the target fish species. The fish habitat model was constructed using MIKE21.

Attitudes of nurses toward telenursing and influencing factors in resource-limited settings: Northwest Ethiopia 2022.

Background: The worldwide scarcity of nurses is a pressing concern, with the World Health Organization predicting a deficit of 5.9 million nurses globally by 2025. Notably, 89% of this shortage is expected to impact low- and middle-income countries.

Prescribing practices of corticosteroids in outpatient dermatology department of Injibara General Hospital, north-West Ethiopia, 2024.

Background: Corticosteroids are among the most frequently prescribed drugs in the world because they are extremely effective for the relief of symptoms of many inflammatory and immune disorders and other conditions. Corticosteroids have been a mainstay of pharmacotherapy in dermatological practice.

Objective: This study aimed to assess prescribing practices of corticosteroids in outpatient dermatology department of Injibara General Hospital, North-West Ethiopia, 2024.

Green space is associated with new-onset stroke among Chinese middle-aged and older adults: data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Background And Aims: The relationship between green space and new-onset stroke is inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate the association between green space and stroke risk among Chinese middle-aged and older adults.

Methods: Data were taken from participants aged ≥45 years in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Origin of Crude Oils in the Lower Yanchang Formation of Yan'an Area in Ordos Basin, China.

The clastic rocks of the Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin display poor physical properties but are rich in petroleum resources, exhibiting significant exploration potential. However, due to the existence of multiple sets of oil-bearing formations, hydrocarbon-generating formations, and a large longitudinal span, elucidating the correspondence between crude oil and source rocks is vital for further exploration. This study concentrates on the Lower Yanchang Formation of Triassic in the Yan'an area of the Ordos Basin, aiming to perform refined oil-source correlation.

Characterize Firmness Changes of Nectarine and Peach Fruit Associated With Harvest Maturity and Storage Duration Using Parameters of Force-Displacement Curves.

Fruit firmness is a critical attribute for evaluating the quality of peaches and nectarines. The precise measurement of fruit firmness plays a key role in maturity assessment, determining harvest periods, and predicting shelf-life. Texture analyzers are increasingly employed for accurate fruit firmness measurement, offering advantages in reducing operator errors compared to the traditional Magness-Taylor test.

investigation of layered TMGeTe alloys for phase-change applications.

Chalcogenide phase-change materials (PCMs) are among the most mature candidates for next-generation memory technology. Recently, CrGeTe (CrGT) emerged as a promising PCM due to its enhanced amorphous stability and fast crystallization for embedded memory applications. The amorphous stability of CrGT was attributed to the complex layered structure of the crystalline motifs needed to initiate crystallization.

Allelic variation in an expansin, MdEXP-A1, contributes to flesh firmness at harvest in apples.

Flesh firmness is a core quality trait in apple breeding because of its correlation with ripening and storage. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were analyzed through bulked segregant analysis sequence (BSA-seq) and comparative transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) to explore the genetic basis of firmness formation. In this study, phenotypic data were collected at harvest from 251 F hybrids derived from 'Ruiyang' and 'Scilate', the phenotype values of flesh firmness at harvest were extensively segregated for two consecutive years.

[Prevalence of frailty and importance of influencing factors in adults in Shaanxi Province].

To understand the prevalence of frailty and the importance of its influencing factors in adult population in Shaanxi Province. The data were from Shaanxi baseline survey of natural population cohort study in northwest China during 2018-2019. The frailty index (FI) was constructed to evaluate the frailty status of the population, and XGboost model combined with Shapley method was used to analyze the importance of the sociodemographic and life behavior factors affecting the prevalence of frailty by gender and age.

Effects of walnut kernel pellicle on the composition and properties of enzymatic hydrolysates of walnut meal by peptidomics and bioinformatics.

The purpose of this article is to investigate the effects of walnut (Juglans regia L.) kernel pellicle on the composition and properties of enzymatic hydrolysis products of walnut meal using peptidomics and bioinformatics. In this study, a total of 3423 peptide sequences were identified in peeled walnut protein hydrolysates (PWPH) and unpeeled walnut protein hydrolysates (UWPH).

Role of humic acid on benzo[a]anthracene: Insights from aging on adsorption, speciation distribution and bioavailability.

As a crucial component of soil organic matter, humic acid (HA) persists in soil and exert a complex interaction with hydrophobic organic pollutants, yet its specific role still remains unclear. In this study, HA was obtained from weathered coal via alkaline dissolution and acidic precipitation for the adsorption of benzo[a]anthracene (BAA). Subsequently, an aging simulation was employed to assess its long-term performance.

Differential responses of plant and microbial respiration to extreme precipitation and drought during spring and summer in the Eurasian meadow steppe.

Increasing extreme precipitation and drought events along changes in their seasonal patterns due to climate change are expected to have profound consequences for carbon cycling. However, how these climate extremes impact ecosystem respiration (R) and whether these impacts differ between seasons remain unclear. Here, we reveal the responses of R and its components to extreme precipitation and drought in spring and summer by conducting a five-year manipulative experiment in a temperate meadow steppe.

Effects of extrusion temperature on structure and physicochemical properties of proso millet starch.

Due to its thermal stability, and high viscosity, proso millet starch has limited practical applications. Extrusion can alter the functional properties of starch by pre-gelatinization, but the specific effects of extrusion temperature on starch behavior are not clear. In this study, proso millet starch was modified using extrusion at varying temperatures (70 °C, 90 °C, 110 °C), and its structure as well as physicochemical properties were evaluated.