The association between preoperative anemia and postoperative mortality among non-cardiac surgical patients in Northwest Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study.

Introduction: In a low-income country, the impact of preoperative anemia on postoperative mortality among noncardiac surgery patients is little understood. As a result, we aim to investigate the association between preoperative anemia and postoperative mortality in noncardiac surgery patients in Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods: This is a prospective follow-up study of 3506 noncardiac surgery patients who were included in the final analysis between June 1, 2019, and July 1, 2021.

Feasibility exploration of nano-thermal rod applied to deicing of tunnel pavement in cold region.

This study investigates the feasibility of using nano-thermal rod for deicing tunnel pavements in cold region. The heating performance of the nano-thermal rod was compared with that of carbon fiber heating wire under low voltage conditions. Experimental studies were conducted in a controlled environmental chamber to evaluate the effects of arrangement parameters (spacing, buried depth, input power) and environmental factors (ambient temperature and moisture) on heating rate and effectiveness.

Population genomics and connectivity of Vazella pourtalesii sponge grounds of the northwest Atlantic with conservation implications of deep sea vulnerable marine ecosystems.

Sponges are key ecosystem engineers that shape, structure and enhance the biodiversity of marine benthic communities globally. Sponge aggregations and reefs are recognized as vulnerable marine ecosystems (or VMEs) due to their susceptibility to damage from bottom-contact fishing gears. Ensuring their long-term sustainability, preservation, and ecosystem functions requires the implementation of sound scientific conservation tools.

Engineering high-activity crosslinked enzyme aggregates via SpyCatcher/SpyTag-mediated self-assembly.

Crosslinked Enzyme Aggregates (CLEAs) are favored for their operational stability and recyclability. However, the traditional CLEAs preparation may distort the enzyme's active site and reduce activity. Therefore, we developed a universally applicable crosslinked SpyCatcher scaffold system designed for the facile preparation of CLEAs.

Dynamic changes and influential factors of blowouts in a desert artificial ecosystem at the southeastern margin of Tengger Desert in China.

The wind-blown sand protection system in the Shapotou section of the Baotou-Lanzhou Railway is a representative artificial ecosystem in a desert region. Over the past 70 years, this system has transformed mobile dunes into fixed dunes through vegetation succession, relying solely on natural rainfall without additional irrigation. However, ecosystem sustainability has been endangered by the emergence of numerous blowouts.

Multifunctional layer-by-layer smart film with betalains and selenium nanoparticles for intelligent meat freshness monitoring and preservation.

Multifunctional pH-responsive films were fabricated via layer-by-layer deposition of gelatin, chitosan, and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), incorporating selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and beetroot extract (BTE), to monitor and preserve beef freshness. SeNPs were synthesized and characterized via various techniques. BTE exhibited promising functional properties, and films demonstrated a significant color transition from red to yellow across pH 2-14.

Visible light-driven multichannel concerted antibacterial films with Photodynamically enhanced self-cascading Chemodynamic actions for long-term preservation of perishable food.

This work pioneered an innovative visible light-powered, self-cascading peroxide antimicrobial packaging system (RPFe-CS), featuring a photodynamic enhancement effect achieved through the demand-oriented design of riboflavin sodium phosphate and Fe coordination complexes (RPFe) fillers with photodynamic and peroxidase activities, and the ingenious selection of slightly acidic chitosan (CS) film matrix. In this system, the photo-responsive properties of RPFe particles not only generate the •O, •OH, and O required for photodynamic sterilization, but also the produced HO serves as a necessary substrate for peroxidase to exert its bactericidal effect, endowing the packaging system with a "self-production and self-marketing" cascade process. The RPFe-CS film achieved efficient eradication to bacteria and fungi reaching up to 99.

Recent progresses and perspectives of polyethylene biodegradation by bacteria and fungi: A review.

Plastics pollution has become a serious threat to the people and environment due to the mass production, unreasonable disposal and continuous pollution. Polyethylene (PE), one of the most utilized plastics all over the world, is considered as a highly recalcitrant environmental destruction problem on account of strong hydrophobicity and high molecular weight. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to seek economical and efficient treatment and disposal methods for PE.

Photocatalytic removal of U(VI) from aqueous solution under visible light by bismuth oxyiodide/graphitic carbon nitride composite.

Applicable to convert soluble U(VI) into the less mobile U(IV) form, the photocatalytic process is widely regarded as an efficient solution to uranium pollution. In the present study, BiOI/g-CN (BICN) composites were produced through uncomplicated hydrothermal synthesis, followed by U(VI) photocatalytic reduction. Batch experiments were conducted to demonstrate the exceptional capability of BICN to address uranium contamination.

Structural Optimization of Natural Plant Products: Construction, Pesticidal Activities, and Toxicology Study of New 2-Isopropanol-4-methoxy-7-alkyl/aryloxycarbonyl-()-vinyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofurans.

Recently, the structural optimization of natural bioactive products has been one of the important ways to discover new pesticide candidates. Based on osthole as a lead compound, herein, a series of new 2-isopropanol-4-methoxy-7-alkyl/aryloxycarbonyl-()-vinyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran derivatives were synthesized. Steric configurations of compounds , , , , , , and were confirmed by X-ray monocrystallography.

Dogs sniff out truffles-in the name of science.

Their keen noses are helping researchers uncover the diversity of the Pacific Northwest's underground fungi.

Divergent Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite and three different alphasatellite species associated with cotton leaf curl disease outbreak in Northwest India.

Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) is a major constraint for production of cotton (Gossypium sp.) in Northwest India. CLCuD is caused by a monopartite, circular ssDNA virus belonging to the genus Begomovirus in association with betasatellites and alphasatellites, and ttransmitted by a whitefly vector (Bemisia tabaci).

The experience of living with human immunodeficiency virus among adolescents at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Bahir-Dar, Northwest Ethiopia, A phenomenological study.

Background: Adolescents who have the human immunodeficiency virus face difficulties in their lives not just from the physical consequences of the illness but also from social stigma and discrimination. The quantitative side of this issue was the focus of earlier Ethiopian research. However, there hasn't been any prior research done extensively in Ethiopia on the real-life experiences of teenagers infected with HIV.

Prognostic and therapeutic implications of measurable residual disease levels during remission induction of childhood ALL.

We evaluated the prognostic and therapeutic significance of measurable residual disease (MRD) during remission induction in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. In the CCCG-ALL-2015 protocol, 7640 patients were categorized into low-, intermediate-, or high-risk groups based on clinical and genetic features. Final risk classification was determined by MRD assessed via flow cytometry on Days 19 and 46 of remission induction, with additional intensified chemotherapy for Day 19 MRD ≥1%.

A Discussion on the Critical Electric Rayleigh Number for AC Electrokinetic Flow of Binary Fluids in a Divergent Microchannel.

Electrokinetic (EK) flow is a type of flow driven or manipulated by electric body forces, influenced by various factors such as electric field intensity, electric field form, frequency, electric permittivity/conductivity, fluid viscosity, etc. The diversity of dimensionless parameters, such as the electric Rayleigh number, complicates the comparison of the EK flow stability. Consequently, comparing the performance and cost of micromixers or reactors based on EK flow is challenging, posing an obstacle to their industrial and engineering applications.

The interaction of nutrient uptake with biotic and abiotic stresses in plants.

Plants depend heavily on efficient nutrient uptake and utilization for optimal growth and development. However, plants are constantly subjected to a diverse array of biotic stresses, such as pathogen infections, insect pests, and herbivory, as well as abiotic stress like drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, and nutrient imbalances. These stresses significantly impact the plant's ability to take up nutrient and use it efficiency.

Vaccine hesitancy or hesitancies? A latent class analysis of pediatric patients' parents.

Vaccine hesitancy is an attitude of indecision toward vaccination that is related to but not determinative of vaccination behaviors. Although theories of vaccine hesitancy emphasize it is often vaccine-specific, we do not know the extent to which this is true across sociodemographic groups. In this study, we asked: What latent classes of vaccine hesitancy might exist when examining parents' attitudes toward vaccines in general and COVID-19 and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination specifically? Which sociodemographic, health access, and health-related variables are predictive of membership in those classes? To answer those questions, we analyze online survey data from parents of pediatric patients recruited through eight clinics within the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Rural Research Network.

A cross-scale transfer learning framework: prediction of SOD activity from leaf microstructure to macroscopic hyperspectral imaging.

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) plays an important role to respond in the defence against damage when tomato leaves are under different types of adversity stresses. This work employed microhyperspectral imaging (MHSI) and visible near-infrared (Vis-NIR) hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technologies to predict tomato leaf SOD activity. The macroscopic model of SOD activity in tomato leaves was constructed using the convolutional neural network in conjunction with the long and short-term temporal memory (CNN-LSTM) technique.

Manganese Dioxides Induce the Transformation and Protection of Dissolved Organic Matter Simultaneously: A Significance of Crystallinity.

Interactions between manganese dioxides (MnO) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) have long been the subject of scientific inquiry. However, the effect of MnO crystallinity on the DOM fate remains unclear. Herein, we comprehensively investigate the adsorption, protection, and mineralization of DOM by MnO with various crystallinities (order of crystallinity: γ-30 < γ-90 < γ-120).

Associate Psychological Practitioners (APPs) in primary care: modelling the impact.

Background: The 'Associate Psychological Practitioner' (APP) is an innovative new role that expands the psychological workforce and addresses the rising demand for mental health services in England, yet the impact of this role on NHS workforce capacity has yet to be modelled.

Aim: We modelled the impact of the APP role in Primary Care in terms of additional capacity to provide mental health care and the impact on General Practitioner (GP) capacity within the sector.

Method: Workforce experts of the NHS Workforce Repository and Planning Tool (WRaPT) team used a modelling tool to determine future state scenarios of APPs working across all Primary Care Networks (PCNs) within a region and the associated change on the baseline workforce.

Draft genomes and assemblies of the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycetes hr and jo associated with chestnut trees.

The earthball , an ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete belonging to the Sclerodermataceae family, serves as a significant mutualistic tree symbiont globally. Originally, two genetically sequenced strains of this genus were obtained from fruiting bodies collected under chestnut trees (). These strains were utilized to establish ectomycorrhizal roots of chestnut seedlings.

Characteristics of the Bacterial Community in Alpine Meadows in Response to Altitude and Aspect in the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China.

As one of the most sensitive and fragile alpine ecosystems in the Qilian Mountains, the alpine meadow holds significant scientific importance in understanding the changes in the characteristics of soil bacterial community in response to altitude and aspect variations. In our study, we analyzed the composition, diversity, and function of soil bacterial communities in alpine meadows at different altitudes and aspects and their relationship with environmental factors. Our results indicate that altitude and aspect orientation significantly influences the diversity index and composition of soil bacterial communities.

Medicine availability and affordability for paediatric cancers, China.

Objective: To investigate access to essential anticancer medicines for children throughout China.

Methods: We obtained cross-sectional drug use data for 2021 from 55 tertiary children's hospitals in seven geographical regions (one third of public children's hospitals in mainland China). Affordability was assessed by comparing the single-day copayment for each medicine with the same generic name and route of administration (i.

Baseline Characteristics of Self-Determination Theory Constructs and Accelerometer-Derived Physical Activity: The Exercise Promotion in Primary Care (EPPC) Trial.

Background: Health behavior change theories provide a conceptual basis to promote physical activity, one of which is the Self-Determination Theory (SDT). This cross-sectional study compared SDT constructs, specifically exercise goal setting, exercise planning, and outcome expectations, with objectively assessed Moderate-To-Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA) among a demographically diverse cohort of adults.

Methods: Participants were 18 to 74 years with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes not prescribed insulin and were physically inactive by self-report.