Pseudomonas aeruginosa T6SS secretes an oxygen-binding hemerythrin to facilitate competitive growth under microaerobic conditions.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a prominent respiratory pathogen in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, thriving in the hypoxic airway mucus. Previous studies have established the role of the oxygen-binding hemerythrin, Mhr, in enhancing P. aeruginosa's fitness under microaerobic conditions.

Quantitative Analysis of Multi-Elements in a Micron-Sized Single Particle Based on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Signal Enhancement of an Optical Fiber Collimated System.

With rapid, energy-intensive, and coal-fueled economic growth, global air quality is deteriorating, and particulate matter pollution has emerged as one of the major public health problems worldwide. It is extremely urgent to achieve carbon emission reduction and air pollution prevention and control, aiming at the common problem of weak and unstable signals of characteristic elements in the application of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technology for trace element detection. In this study, the influence of the optical fiber collimation signal enhancement method on the LIBS signal was explored.

Separation of Three Polar Compounds with Similar Polarities from Swertia mussotii by a Combination of Two Counter-Current Chromatography Modes.

Separation of polar compounds especially with similar polarities is challenging. In the present study, three polar compounds with similar polarities, including gentiopicroside, sweroside and mangiferin, have been successfully separated from Swertia mussotii by a combination of two counter-current chromatography modes. With the selected solvent system of ethyl acetate/n-butanol/water (8/2/10, v/v), a continuous injection mode was firstly employed.

Soil quality indicator-based land productivity modelling for agricultural sustainability.

Rapid population expansion has made food security a global concern for humanity, necessitating a sustainable assessment of natural resources. Well evaluated and managed soil is one of the most significant resources that can assist close the gap between supply and demand for food to attain food security. A precise assessment of land productivity (LP) is essential for sustainable land use management.

Exploring knowledge of first aid in epistaxis-25 years on.

Background: Epistaxis is the most common acute disorder managed by ENT services. A 1998 survey (Strachan and England) demonstrated widespread ignorance of correct first aid amongst the public with only 11% of respondents applying correct first aid techniques. Here we repeated and expanded the 1998 study to investigate whether understanding of correct first aid in epistaxis amongst the public and emergency department staff has improved in the last 25 years.

Assessing changing baleen whale distributions and reported incidents relative to vessel activity in the Northwest Atlantic.

Baleen whales are among the largest marine megafauna, and while mostly well-protected from direct exploitation, they are increasingly affected by vessel traffic, interactions with fisheries, and climate change. Adverse interactions, notably vessel strikes and fishing gear entanglement, often result in distress, injury, or death for these animals. In Atlantic Canadian waters, such negative interactions or 'incidents' are consistently reported to marine animal response organizations but have not yet been analyzed relative to the spatial distribution of whales and vessels.

Addressing Regional Agro-ecological Boundaries: An Integrated Environmental Footprint Framework for Revealing Sustainability Gaps in Agroecosystems.

Overexploiting ecosystems to meet growing food demands threatens global agricultural sustainability and food security. Addressing these challenges requires solutions tailored to regional agro-ecological boundaries (AEBs) and overall agro-ecological risks. Here, we propose a globally consistent and regionally adapted approach for quantifying regional AEBs.

A fluorescent sensor based on pentafluoropropanoic acid-functionalized UiO-66-NH for enhanced selectivity and sensitivity of dicloran detection.

A pentafluoropropionic acid-functionalized fluorescent metal-organic framework material (UiO-66-NH-PFPA) is prepared by a simple post-synthetic modification (PSM) strategy for the sensitive and selective detection of dichloran (DCN). The results of fluorescence experiments demonstrate that the sensitivity of UiO-66-NH-PFPA (limit of detection, LOD = 0.478 μM) to DCN is nearly 10.

Association Between Nail Type and Aseptic Revision Risk After Cephalomedullary Nailing for Hip Fracture.

Background: Although the majority of intertrochanteric femoral fractures in the United States are now treated with cephalomedullary nailing, it remains uncertain whether differences in clinical performance by nail type exist. The purpose of this study was to compare the aseptic revision rates associated with the 3 most commonly utilized cephalomedullary nails in the United States today: the Gamma nail (Stryker), the INTERTAN (Smith+Nephew), and the Trochanteric Fixation Nail/Trochanteric Fixation Nail Advanced (TFN/TFNA; DePuy Synthes).

Methods: Using an integrated health-care system's hip fracture registry, patients ≥60 years of age who were treated with 1 of these 3 commonly used cephalomedullary nail devices were identified.

Applying PVEST to identify the diverse coping and identity resources with which DACAmented and undocumented latine students navigate their journeys to and through higher education.

Undocumented and DACAmented Latine high school graduates are enrolling in college at a low rate despite being eligible for in-state tuition in 25 U.S. states.

Chemical proteomic profiling reveals prostaglandin termination enzyme PTGR2 as a key molecular target of natural coumarin fraxetin.

Natural coumarins represent a diverse group of secondary metabolites with a wide range of biological activities. However, their specific molecular targets have remained largely unexplored. Employing chemical proteomics, a comprehensive analysis of the protein targets of the natural coumarin fraxetin has been conducted.

Dynamic Covalent Sulfur-Selenium Rich Polymers via Inverse Vulcanization for High Refractive Index, High Transmittance, and UV Shielding Materials.

Recent advancements in inverse vulcanization have led to the development of sulfur-rich polymers with diverse applications. However, progress is constrained by the harsh high-temperature reaction conditions, limited applicability, and the generation of hazardous HS gas. This study presents an induced IV method utilizing selenium octanoic acid, yielding sulfur-selenium rich polymers with full atom economy, even at a low-temperatures of 100-120 °C.

Collision integrals within the Chapman-Enskog theory for a generalized Lennard-Jones potential.

We report the values of the collision integrals, needed for the calculation of the macroscopic transport properties such as viscosity (η) and diffusion coefficient (D) of gases within the Chapman-Enskog kinetic gas theory, for a generalized Lennard-Jones potential (gLJ), a more general potential with an adjustable long range 1/r dependence that can describe a wide range of intermolecular interactions.

Improving UTI Diagnostics in Oncology: Reliability of Reflex Urine Culture in Immunosuppressed Neutropenic and Non-neutropenic Cancer Patients.

Background: Urinary tract infections are prone to overdiagnosis, and reflex urine culture protocols offer a valuable opportunity for diagnostic stewardship in this arena. However, there is no recommended standard testing approach. Cancer patients are often excluded from reflex urine culture protocols, especially if severely immunosuppressed or neutropenic.

Pumpkin Soluble Dietary Fiber instead of Insoluble One Ameliorates Hyperglycemia via the Gut Microbiota-Gut-Liver Axis in db/db Mice.

Pumpkin extract has been shown to alleviate hyperglycemic symptoms by improving glucose metabolism disorders. However, the specific active components responsible for its hypoglycemic effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, db/db mice underwent a 4-week dietary intervention with two pumpkin flours (PF1 and PF2), total dietary fiber (TDF), soluble dietary fiber (SDF), and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), with acarbose serving as a positive control.

Isolated Tin Enhanced CO Coverage-Regulation on SnCu Alloy for Selective CO Electroreduction to C Products.

Electricity-powered C─C coupling of CO represents an attractive strategy for producing valuable commodity chemicals with renewable energy, but it is still challenging to gain high C selectivity at high current density. Here, a SnCu single-atom alloy (SAA) is reported with isolated Sn atom embedded into the Cu lattice, as efficient ectrocatalyst for CO reduction. The as prepared SnCu-SAA catalyst shows a maximal C Faradaic efficiency of 79.

Evaluation of predictions of disordered binding regions in the CAID2 experiment.

A large portion of the Intrinsically Disordered Regions (IDRs) in protein sequences interact with proteins, nucleic acids, and other types of ligands. Correspondingly, dozens of sequence-based predictors of binding IDRs were developed. A recently completed second community-based Critical Assessments of protein Intrinsic Disorder prediction (CAID2) evaluated 32 predictors of binding IDRs.

Chloroplast antioxidant reactions associated with zinc-alleviating effects on iron toxicity in wheat seedlings.

This study aimed to explore the mechanism by which Zn retards Fe toxicity by analyzing the morphological, photosynthetic, and chloroplast physiological parameters of wheat seedlings treated with either single or combined Zn and Fe. Different behavior of the seedlings was observed under untreated and treated conditions. The most discriminating quantitative traits were associated with leaf area, biomass dry mass and fresh mass, net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO concentration, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate of seedlings, Hill reaction, Mg-ATPase and Ca-ATPase activities, malondialdehyde and O contents, and glutathione reductase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities and their gene expression in the seedling chloroplast.

Integrated electronic nose and multi-omics reveal changes in flavour characterization of cashmere goats and tan sheep meat.

This study aimed to employ a multi-omics method to identify key compounds contributing to the sensory flavour of mutton and to investigate the internal correlation between volatile metabolites and lipids in Cashmere goats and Tan sheep. The results demonstrate that the electronic nose can effectively and quickly distinguish goats and sheep meat. A total of 18 volatile metabolites and 314 lipids were identified as significant contributors to the flavour difference between goats and sheep meat, as determined by HS-SPME-GC-MS and lipidomic respectively.

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites and Associated Factors Among Public Primary Second-Cycle Schoolchildren in Debre Markos Town, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background And Aims: Intestinal parasitic infection is a common disease that causes significant morbidity and mortality in developing countries, including Ethiopia. The burden of intestinal parasites is worse in schoolchildren, which leads to absenteeism from school, lower cognitive ability, affects academic performance, and causes malnutrition and anemia. While many studies have been reported, there is a paucity of published data in Debre Markos.

A Comprehensive Assessment of the Marginal Abatement Costs of CO of Co-Optima Multi-Mode Vehicles.

The Co-Optimization of Fuels and Engines (Co-Optima) is a research and development consortia funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, which has engaged partners from national laboratories, universities, and industry to conduct multidisciplinary research at the intersection of biofuels and combustion sciences.

Ginsenoside, a potential natural product against liver diseases: a comprehensive review from molecular mechanisms to application.

Liver disease constitutes a significant cause of global mortality, with its pathogenesis being multifaceted. Identifying effective pharmacological and preventive strategies is imperative for liver protection. Ginsenosides, the major bioactive compounds found in ginseng, exhibit multiple pharmacological activities including protection against liver-related diseases by mitigating liver fat accumulation and inflammation, preventing hepatic fibrosis, and exerting anti-hepatocarcinogenic effects.

Rapid, in Situ Neutralization of Nitrogen- and Silicon-Vacancy Centers in Diamond Using Above-Band Gap Optical Excitation.

The charge state of a quantum point defect in a solid-state host strongly determines its optical and spin characteristics. Consequently, techniques for controlling the charge state are required to realize technologies for quantum networking and sensing. In this work, we demonstrate the use of deep-ultraviolet (DUV) radiation to dynamically neutralize nitrogen- (NV) and silicon-vacancy (SiV) centers.

ZjMAPKK4 Interacted With ZjNAC78 Regulates Cold Tolerance Response in Jujube.

Jujube (Ziziphus ujuba Mill.) holds great importance as a fruit tree in China, with strong tolerance to drought and saline stress, but its growth is limited by vulnerability to cold stress. Consequently, the role of MAPK cascades in mediating jujube cold stress response remains unclear, with the specific function of ZjMAPKK4 in this context yet to be fully elucidated.

Incidence, Distribution, and Pathogenicity of Fungi Growing on Sugar Beet Roots on Top of Outdoor Piles in Idaho.

Sugar beet roots in Idaho are held under ambient conditions in outdoor storage piles which can lead to fungal growth and rot and substantial sucrose loss. Thus the incidence, distribution, and pathogenicity of fungi associated with fungal growth on the surface of sugar beet roots on top of outdoor piles was investigated. The surface fungal growth on sugar beet roots held on top of 14 Idaho outdoor piles [tarped ventilated (TV) piles and piles with no tarps or ventilation (NTV) at 7 locations] was assessed in 2018-19 and 2019-20.