Can yStage Ⅰ/Ⅱ rectal cancer patients be treated in the same way as stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ patients?

Background: Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) before radical surgery are effective treatments for locally advanced rectal cancer. However, the treatment strategy after NAT and surgery is still unclear. It is difficult to accurately evaluate the stage before NAT, as some cases are downstaged by NAT.

Poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis with 22F pneumococcal bacteremia.

Background: Pneumococcal vaccines have been available worldwide since the early 2000s; consequently, few reports exist of poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis (PSAGN) or complications of pneumococcal infection. We describe a patient with PSAGN and bacteremia with Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 22F (not covered by the 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV 13)).

Case Diagnosis/treatment: A 5-year-old boy received the PCV13 vaccine and was admitted to our hospital with a fever and gross hematuria.

Successful treatment of vasospastic angina refractory to various therapies using stenting: A case report.

Unlabelled: We encountered a case of coronary angina refractory to multiple medications, including a calcium channel blocker, nitroglycerin, fasudil (a Rho kinase inhibitor), left stellate ganglion block, thoracic sympathetic ganglion blockade, steroids, and denopamine. During the course of treatment, ventricular tachycardia (VT) occurred due to ST-segment elevation, and an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator was implanted; however, the patient had recurrent VT. A 12‑lead electrocardiogram showed ST elevation localized to leads II, III, and a Vf, and stenting was performed in all main trunks of the right coronary artery.

Association Between -24C>T and Nab-Paclitaxel-induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Japanese Patients With Pancreatic Cancer.

Background/aim: Nab-paclitaxel is used to treat patients with pancreatic cancer. However, it frequently induces peripheral neuropathy. Notably, pharmacokinetic factors may be associated with neuropathic symptoms as the onset depends on the cumulative dose.

Evaluation of the nonstapling bullectomy by manual suturing for young men with primary spontaneous pneumothorax.

Background: Currently, surgery for primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is performed by bullectomy using a stapler with complete video-assisted thoracic surgery (cVATS). However, the postoperative recurrence rate (RR) of PSP is high in young men. The factors of postoperative PSP recurrence are the formation of postoperative bulla neogenesis (POBN) around the staple line, pleural injury caused by forceps for VATS, and bulla overlooked with a thoracoscope.

Impact of irrigation flow rates on lesion size and safety of ablation catheters: an ex vivo porcine heart study.

Radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation is a well-established therapeutic approach for treating arrhythmias, where lesion size and safety are critical for efficacy. This study explored the impact of varying irrigation flow rates on lesion characteristics using the TactiFlex™ SE Ablation Catheter (TF) in an ex vivo porcine heart model, focusing on the size and safety outcomes associated with low versus standard flow rates. Myocardial slabs from porcine hearts were subjected to ablation using two types of irrigated catheters.

Voltage-Guided and Non-Voltage-Guided Superior Vena Cava Isolation in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: In addition to the pulmonary vein, the superior vena cava (SVC) is an important focus of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, SVC isolation may cause serious complications, and appropriate settings and techniques for SVC isolation are lacking.

Methods: This study enrolled 86 consecutive patients with AF who underwent SVC isolation.

Identification of Patients Who Require Two-Point Blood Sampling for the Peak and Trough Values Rather Than One-Point Blood Sampling for the Trough Value for the Evaluation of AUC of Vancomycin Using Bayesian Estimation.

Objectives: It is recommended to adjust the dose of vancomycin (VCM) with a target area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of 400-600 μg·h/mL. Factors that affect the deviation between AUCs are estimated from the trough value alone and the trough and peak values using practical AUC-guided therapeutic drug monitoring (PAT) for vancomycin. In this study, factors that affect AUC were evaluated.

[Redo Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Performed via Left Thoracotomy].

Eight patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting( CABG) by left thoracotomy approach to the left coronary artery territory after CABG. The left subclavian artery was selected as an inflow anastomosis site, and the greater saphenous vein was used as a graft. The average operative time was 187 minutes, and the hospital stay was 12.

Development of a novel prediction model for carriage of BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant in Japanese patients with breast cancer based on Japanese organization of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer registry data.

Purpose: With the increasing demand for BRCA genetic testing, most existing prediction models were developed using data from individuals of European descent. This study aimed to identify clinicopathological factors of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) syndrome and develop the first Japanese-specific prediction model for BRCA pathogenic variant carriers in Japan.

Methods: We utilized data from 3072 Japanese patients with breast cancer aggregated by the Japanese Organization of Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer registry.

Efficacy of a whole slide image-based prediction model for lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal cancer: A systematic review.

Background And Aim: Accurate stratification of the risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM) following endoscopic resection of submucosal invasive (T1) colorectal cancer (CRC) is imperative for determining the necessity for additional surgery. In this systematic review, we evaluated the efficacy of prediction of LNM by artificial intelligence (AI) models utilizing whole slide image (WSI) in patients with T1 CRC.

Methods: In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a systematic review was conducted through searches in PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, and the Cochrane Library for relevant studies published up to December 2023.

Induced lactation in a transgender woman: case report.

Background: Breastfeeding offers significant health benefits, but its practice and success can vary. While research on induced lactation in cisgender women has been documented, there is limited research on lactation induction in transgender women.

Case Presentation: A 50-year-old transgender woman undergoing hormone therapy and living with a pregnant partner sought to co-feed using induced lactation.

Obstetric outcomes of transabdominal cerclage: A retrospective observational study in Japan.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the obstetric outcomes of transabdominal cerclage (TAC) in Japan.

Methods: Questionnaires on TAC were sent to 183 institutions performing high-quality perinatal management in Japan. As a first-step questionnaire, we asked whether TAC was performed between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2022.

Voltage-guided pulmonary vein isolation for atrial fibrillation.

Background: Bipolar voltage amplitude is capable of helping determine the ideal lesion size index (LSI) setting during radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF).

Objective: We aimed to determine whether voltage-guided pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is noninferior to conventional LSI-guided PVI in patients with nonvalvular AF.

Methods: This was a multicenter randomized trial conducted during a period of 12 months.