7 results match your criteria: "Northeastern University - Boston Campus[Affiliation]"
Cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with cognitive function in late adulthood: baseline findings from the IGNITE study.
Br J Sports Med
December 2024
Department of Neuroscience, AdventHealth Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
Objectives: To evaluate the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cognition in a large sample of older adults, and to examine clinical and demographic factors that might moderate these associations.
Methods: CRF was measured with a graded exercise test performed on a motorised treadmill. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted using data from a comprehensive neuropsychological battery to obtain latent factors reflecting core cognitive domains.
Polylysine in biomedical applications: from composites to breakthroughs.
Biomed Mater
October 2024
The ICFAI University, ICFAI School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The ICFAI University, Dehradun, 248011, INDIA.
Article Synopsis
- - Polylysine-based composites are versatile, biocompatible materials ideal for biomedical applications like drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound healing, and biosensing due to their ability to encapsulate drugs and promote cellular interactions.
- - They provide controlled release of therapeutic agents, ensure minimal cytotoxicity, and enhance scaffold properties for cell adhesion and tissue regeneration, making them beneficial in regenerative medicine.
- - Their antimicrobial properties aid wound healing, and their high surface area allows for improved sensor performance in biosensing applications, while also serving as potential contrast agents in bioimaging for disease diagnostics.
Population-level effects on crime of recovering firearms from armed prohibited persons: intention-to-treat analysis of a pragmatic cluster-randomised trial in California cities.
Inj Prev
October 2024
Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, California, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - The study evaluated California's Armed and Prohibited Persons System (APPS), a program designed to identify firearm purchasers who have become prohibited individuals and to recover their firearms to prevent violence.
- - Conducted as a cluster-randomised trial across 363 cities, the research compared the impact of early versus later interventions on monthly rates of firearm-related crimes between February 2015 and early 2016.
- - Findings indicated that the early intervention did not result in significant decreases in firearm-related crimes, suggesting the limited reach of the APPS program may restrict its overall effectiveness, pointing towards the need for more individual-level analyses.
Adverse diagnostic events in hospitalised patients: a single-centre, retrospective cohort study.
BMJ Qual Saf
October 2024
Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Background: Adverse event surveillance approaches underestimate the prevalence of harmful diagnostic errors (DEs) related to hospital care.
Methods: We conducted a single-centre, retrospective cohort study of a stratified sample of patients hospitalised on general medicine using four criteria: transfer to intensive care unit (ICU), death within 90 days, complex clinical events, and none of the aforementioned high-risk criteria. Cases in higher-risk subgroups were over-sampled in predefined percentages.
Comparing the impact of targeting limited driving pressure to low tidal volume ventilation on mortality in mechanically ventilated adults with COVID-19 ARDS: an exploratory target trial emulation.
BMJ Open Respir Res
October 2024
Pharmacy and Health Systems Sciences, Northeastern University - Boston Campus, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Article Synopsis
- There may be a connection between driving pressure (∆P) during invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and patient outcomes, particularly in those with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) related to COVID-19 (C-ARDS).
- This study aimed to see if maintaining a daily ∆P of less than 15 cm HO, in conjunction with low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV), improves 28-day mortality compared to using LTVV alone.
- Results showed that while 28-day survival rates varied among the groups, limiting ∆P did not appear to provide significant additional survival benefits compared to LTVV alone, suggesting a need for further research in this area.
Aversion to pragmatic randomised controlled trials: three survey experiments with clinicians and laypeople in the USA.
BMJ Open
September 2024
Bioethics & Decision Sciences, Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
Objectives: Pragmatic randomised controlled trials (pRCTs) are essential for determining the real-world safety and effectiveness of healthcare interventions. However, both laypeople and clinicians often demonstrate experiment aversion: preferring to implement either of two interventions for everyone rather than comparing them to determine which is best. We studied whether clinician and layperson views of pRCTs for COVID-19, as well as non-COVID-19, interventions became more positive during the pandemic, which increased both the urgency and public discussion of pRCTs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVirological, serological and clinical outcomes in chronic hepatitis B virus infection: development and validation of the HEPA-B simulation model.
BMJ Open
January 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Objectives: Detailed simulation models are needed to assess strategies for prevention and treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the world's leading cause of liver disease. We sought to develop and validate a simulation model of chronic HBV that incorporates virological, serological and clinical outcomes.
Methods: We developed a novel Monte Carlo simulation model (the HEPA-B Model) detailing the natural history of chronic HBV.