OptimCLM: Optimizing clinical language models for predicting patient outcomes via knowledge distillation, pruning and quantization.

Background: Clinical Language Models (CLMs) possess the potential to reform traditional healthcare systems by aiding in clinical decision making and optimal resource utilization. They can enhance patient outcomes and help healthcare management through predictive clinical tasks. However, their real-world deployment is limited due to high computational cost at inference, in terms of both time and space complexity.

Sociodemographic factors, clinical characteristics, outcomes and short-term follow-up in COVID-19 patients with new onset hyperglycemia and pre-existing diabetes on admission in a tertiary-care hospital in Bangladesh.

Background: COVID-19 has been linked to hyperglycemia and diabetes, with noteworthy variation in outcomes. This study aimed to compare the sociodemographic factors, clinical characteristics, and in-hospital and short-term post-discharge outcomes between COVID-19 patients with new onset hyperglycemia and pre-existing diabetes patients in tertiary care hospitals in Bangladesh.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted among adult COVID-19 patients with new onset hyperglycemia or pre-existing diabetes admitted to the COVID-19 unit of Dhaka Medical College Hospital between April 2021 and October 2021.

Association of and Genetic Variants With Schizophrenia in the Bangladeshi Population: A Case-Control Study.

Background And Aims: Schizophrenia (SCZ) is among the most persistent and devastating psychological problems. Different genetic polymorphisms are responsible for the predisposition of SCZ, and we screened (rs2071287, rs204993) and (rs2070673) polymorphisms in this study to find the connection with SCZ development.

Methods: We investigated a total of 420 samples (210 patients and 210 controls) and used the PCR-RFLP technique to genotype all SNPs.

Prevalence and predictors of functional gastrointestinal disorder among the undergraduate students of Bangladesh.

Objective: This study aimed to address this knowledge gap by investigating FGID prevalence and its predictors among undergraduate students in Bangladesh.

Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted between 01 August 2023 and 31 January 2024 among 1,019 undergraduate students. Data were collected using a web-based survey containing questions on socio-demographics, the Rome IV questionnaire, the insomnia severity index, the perceived stress scale 4, the patient health questionnaire, and the smartphone addiction scale.

Facilitators and inhibitors of attitude and word-of-mouth intention toward adoption of digital municipal service systems: A stimulus-organism-response approach.

Increased technology adoption has significantly transformed how governments interact with citizens. Today, e-government services and tools are integral to modern public administration. Factors affecting users' adoption of e-government services have been studied in the past.

Structure-based virtual screening of Trachyspermum ammi metabolites targeting acetylcholinesterase for Alzheimer's disease treatment.

In recent decades, Alzheimer's disease (AD) has garnered significant attention due to its rapid global prevalence. The cholinergic hypothesis posits that the degradation of acetylcholine by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) contributes to AD development. Despite existing anti-AChE drugs, their adverse side effects necessitate new agents.

Draft genome sequence data of strain harboring from Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Here, the draft genome sequence of a multi-drug resistant (MDR) strain BMD28, isolated from a clinical source from Dhaka, Bangladesh, has been reported. The sequence raw read files were generated using Illumina sequencing technology utilizing genomic DNA from the pure culture of this strain. The strain has a genome size of around 5.

Entropy production associated with magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) thermo-solutal natural convection of non-Newtonian MWCNT-SiO-EG hybrid nano-coolant.

This article investigates the convective thermal and solutal exchange from the active walls of a trapezium chamber which is filled with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)-silicon dioxide (SiO)-ethylene glycol-water hybrid nano-coolant. The hybrid nano-coolant exhibits non-Newtonian shear-thinning rheology and is modeled by the power-law viscosity as per an exploratory report. The convection is generated by both the thermal and solutal buoyancy forces in the presence of a magnetic field.

Design and simulation of highly efficient CZTS/CZTSSe based thin-film solar cell.

Thin-film solar cells are a substitute for more common crystalline silicon solar cells, which consist of thin semiconductor layers. Thin-film materials comprise direct bandgap and can absorb sunlight more efficiently than silicon. In this article, a double-absorber-based thin-film solar cell comprising CZTS/CZTSSe is designed and optimized through numerical simulation.

Factors associated with late hospital arrival in acute stroke patients of Bangladesh.

Objectives: Underutilisation of thrombolysis is a major problem in patients with stroke in Bangladesh as patients do not arrive within the therapeutic window due to delays in their way to emergency department. This study aims to assess the time delay from patients' symptom onset to arrival in the hospital and the factors that are associated with it.

Methods: This cross-sectional survey of a prospective cohort of stroke patients was conducted between January and March 2023.

Once-weekly tirzepatide versus once-daily basal insulin in managing type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with oral anti-hyperglycemic drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: No meta-analysis has been published comparing the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide versus once-daily basal insulins in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) inadequately controlled with oral anti-hyperglycemic drugs (OADs). This meta-analysis was conducted to address this knowledge gap.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving subjects with T2D inadequately controlled with OADs and receiving tirzepatide in intervention arm and basal insulins in control arm as add-on therapy were searched throughout the electronic databases.

Advanced vision transformers and open-set learning for robust mosquito classification: A novel approach to entomological studies.

Mosquito-related diseases pose a significant threat to global public health, necessitating efficient and accurate mosquito classification for effective surveillance and control. This work presents an innovative approach to mosquito classification by leveraging state-of-the-art vision transformers and open-set learning techniques. A novel framework has been introduced that integrates Transformer-based deep learning models with comprehensive data augmentation and preprocessing methods, enabling robust and precise identification of ten mosquito species.

Epitranscriptomic RNA mA Modification in Cancer Therapy Resistance: Challenges and Unrealized Opportunities.

Significant advances in the development of new cancer therapies have given rise to multiple novel therapeutic options in chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies. Although the development of resistance is often reported along with temporary disease remission, there is often tumor recurrence of an even more aggressive nature. Resistance to currently available anticancer drugs results in poor overall and disease-free survival rates for cancer patients.

Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies for Potential Outbreaks of Nipah Virus Infection: Evidenced by the Recent Incidences in Southeast Asian Countries.

Background: The importance of studying Nipah virus (NiV) stems from its high fatality rates and potential for causing widespread outbreaks. Recent incidences in Southeast Asian countries highlight the urgent need for effective risk evaluation and mitigation strategies.

Justification: Studying NiV in Southeast Asia is crucial due to the geographic and epidemiological significance that makes this region predominantly susceptible to the virus.

Cardioprotective action of apocynin in isoproterenol-induced cardiac damage is mediated through Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

This investigation evaluated the therapeutic benefit of apocynin in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac damage in rats. ISO-administered male Wistar rats were treated with apocynin for 2 weeks. Blood plasma and left ventricle of heart tissues were collected and analyzed for oxidative stress-related parameters such as malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP), and nitric oxide (NO).

Prevalence and influencing factors with knowledge, attitude, and practice toward anemia among school-going adolescent girls in rural Bangladesh.

Background: Anemia is a major public health concern; however, research on anemia and its contributing variables is scarce. To address the gap, we investigated the prevalence and associated factors of anemia in school-aged adolescent girls in rural Bangladesh.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in two secondary schools at Chandpur, Bangladesh, from January to April 2022.