Effects of very early hyperoxemia on neurologic outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A secondary analysis of the TTM-2 trial.

Purpose: Hyperoxemia is common in patients resuscitated after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and may increase the risk of mortality. However, the effect of hyperoxemia on functional outcome, specifically related to the timing of exposure to hyperoxemia, remains unclear.

Methods: The secondary analysis of the Target Temperature Management 2 (TTM-2) randomized trial.

The orphan nuclear receptor Nr4a1 contributes to interstitial cardiac fibrosis via modulation of cardiac fibroblast and macrophage phenotype.

The orphan nuclear receptor Nr4a1 has complex biological functions and has been implicated in numerous diseases, including cardiovascular disease. While protective in atherosclerosis and myocardial ischemia, Nr4a1 has been shown to cause cardiac fibrosis in non-ischemic adverse remodeling of the heart. However, mechanisms underlying these actions are still poorly understood.

How to do a hip disarticulation.

Hip disarticulation is a salvage procedure for several hip and pelvic pathologies including recalcitrant pressure sores and pelvic soft tissue and bone neoplasms. This 'How I do it' article provides a detailed technique for hip disarticulation utilizing an anteromedial thigh myocutaneous flap.

Mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: treatment outcomes after curative-intent resection in an Australian tertiary referral hospital.

Background: Mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (MF-ICC) is the second most common primary liver cancer and liver resection offers the best chance of possible cure. This study aimed to assess treatment outcomes and prognostic factors for long-term survival in patients who underwent curative-intent liver resection.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on prospectively collected data from patients with MF-ICC managed at the Royal North Shore/North Shore Private Hospital from January 1998 to October 2023.

Percutaneous versus surgical catheter insertion for peritoneal dialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is used as a kidney replacement therapy for patients with kidney failure. Institutional practices vary considerably, and the optimal technique for insertion of PD catheters is unknown. This study compared the efficacy and safety of surgical versus percutaneous approaches to PD catheter insertion for patients with end-stage kidney disease.

Characteristics and outcomes of adults with acute brain injuries admitted to intensive care units in Australia and New Zealand from 2013 to 2022.

Background: The characteristics and outcomes of patients with acute brain injuries admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) are insufficiently described.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of acute brain injury in ICU patients in ANZ.

Methods: A binational retrospective cohort study was conducted using the ANZ Intensive Care Society Adult Patient Database.

"It's the Tide of Your Life": A Qualitative Study on Survivor Awareness and Understanding of Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

Objective: This paper describes blood and marrow transplantation (BMT) survivors' and carers' knowledge and understanding of BMT and long-term care requirements.

Methods: Semistructured, online interviews with 22 BMT survivors and 6 carers were used to collect qualitative data. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis.

The Potential Utility of RAS Q61R Immunohistochemistry as a Screening Tool in Pre-operative Fine Needle Aspirates of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) can either be sporadic, often via mutually exclusive RET or RAS alterations, or inherited via a RET germline alteration. Germline testing is recommended for all patients diagnosed with MTC. RAS p.

Trauma-informed practice for genetic counselors: Insights from a workshop evaluation.

Trauma-informed practice (TIP) is an emerging model of care that acknowledges the widespread impact of trauma and emphasizes both physical and psychological safety for consumer and provider. It is being increasingly integrated into models of healthcare delivery, organizational policies, and practices, and has been shown to improve clinical interactions, increase treatment adherence, and improve healthcare outcomes. However, to date, TIP has not yet been systematically integrated into genetic counseling training and practice.

Expert consensus on serratus anterior plane block education and credentialing: A modified-Delphi study.

Objective: The serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) is a regional anaesthesia technique with increasing use as an analgesic adjunct in patients with rib fractures. The present study aimed to generate consensus of the requirements of education, training and credentialing for the use of a 'single shot' SAPB in the management of rib fractures.

Methods: A modified Delphi process was designed using online questionnaires.

Prospective Evaluation of Autonomic Function and Intestinal Blood Flow in Health and Irritable Bowel Syndrome Shows Differences Limited to Patients With Constipation Predominance.

Background: Autonomic dysfunction may contribute to symptom generation in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), possibly driven by psychological morbidity and activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Previous data are conflicting, perhaps due to lack of accounting for differential bowel patterns in IBS (constipation vs. diarrhea) or by diverse methodologies used to measure autonomic function.

Compassionate access to virus-specific T cells for adoptive immunotherapy over 15 years.

Adoptive T-cell immunotherapy holds great promise for the treatment of viral complications in immunocompromised patients resistant to standard anti-viral strategies. We present a retrospective analysis of 78 patients from 19 hospitals across Australia and New Zealand, treated over the last 15 years with "off-the-shelf" allogeneic T cells directed to a combination of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), BK polyomavirus (BKV), John Cunningham virus (JCV) and/or adenovirus (AdV) under the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration's Special Access Scheme. Most patients had severe post-transplant viral complications, including drug-resistant end-organ CMV disease, BKV-associated haemorrhagic cystitis and EBV-driven post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder.

Baseline Nodal Status on Ga-PSMA-11 Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Men with Intermediate- to High-risk Prostate Cancer Is Prognostic for Treatment Failure: Follow-up of the proPSMA Trial.

Background And Objective: There is uncertainty regarding the clinical significance of Ga-PSMA-11 positron emission tomography (PET) computed tomography (CT) findings in men with prostate cancer. In this prespecified objective of the proPSMA study, we report the prognostic value of PET-defined nodal involvement.

Methods: Men with intermediate- to high-risk prostate cancer (grade group 3-5, prostate-specific antigen [PSA] ≥20 ng/ml, or clinical stage ≥T3) underwent Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT or CT and bone scanning as first- or second-line imaging.

Baseline Characteristics of the DISCOVER CKD Prospective Cohort.

Introduction: Real-world data from patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are limited, particularly regarding clinical management, treatment patterns and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the context of new therapies and updated standard of care guidelines.

Methods: DISCOVER CKD is an observational cohort study enrolling adult patients with CKD, defined by an International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision code, or with two estimated glomerular filtration rate measures < 75 ml/min/1.73 m recorded 91-730 days apart.

Better Oncological Outcomes After Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography-guided Salvage Radiotherapy Following Prostatectomy.

Background And Objective: Up to 50% of patients with prostate cancer experience prostate-specific antigen (PSA) relapse following primary radical prostatectomy (RP). Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) is increasingly being used for staging after RP owing to its high detection rate. Our aim was to compare outcomes for patients who received salvage radiotherapy (sRT) with versus without PSMA PET guidance.

Rate of decline in kidney function with age: a systematic review.

Objective: To determine the distribution of kidney function values as measured by glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and the rate of decline with age in male and female healthy subjects without pre-existing medical conditions.

Design: Systematic review and structured synthesis.

Search Sources: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science, from database inception to 25 October 2023.