Correlation of Cytologic Features With Molecular Testing of Indeterminate Oncocytic (Hürthle Cell) Thyroid Lesions.

Introduction: Indeterminate oncocytic/Hürthle cell lesions on thyroid cytology are reflexed to molecular testing. This study aims to examine the cytologic characteristics of thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) smears with oncocytes classified as atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) with particular molecular patterns that can aid in determining a more conclusive Bethesda category upfront thus decreasing unnecessary testing and associated costs.

Materials And Methods: Our pathology database was searched for thyroid FNAs with AUS for oncocyte predominance from 2019 to 2022.

Application of LEF-1 immunohistochemical staining in the diagnosis of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas.

Introduction: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) is a tumor of young females with gain-of-function mutation in catenin beta 1 gene involved in Wnt signal transduction pathway. Beta-catenin immunohistochemistry (IHC) is used to diagnose SPN. Lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF-1) has been recognized in the transactivation of Wnt pathway.

Teratoma to Angiosarcoma: A Metamorphosis in the Mediastinum.

We describe a rare and remarkable transformation of an immature mediastinal teratoma into high-grade angiosarcoma in a 21-year-old male. Mediastinal teratomas, particularly immature ones, are exceedingly rare, representing a small fraction of germ cell tumors (GCTs). Our case describes the clinical journey of the patient, who initially presented with acute chest pain and was subsequently diagnosed with an immature teratoma following imaging studies and elevated tumor markers.

Back to the drawing board: Overview of the next generation of combination therapy for inflammatory bowel disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is entering a potentially new era of combined therapeutics. Triantafillidis provide an insightful review of the current state of combination therapy, with a focus on the use of a combined biologic and immunomodulator, as well as emerging data on the future potential of dual-biologic therapy (DBT). While current evidence for DBT is limited, encouraging safety profiles and ongoing trials suggest a brighter future for this approach.

Impact of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease on COVID-19 hospitalizations: A propensity-matched analysis of the United States.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formally known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, is the most common chronic liver disease in the United States. Patients with MASLD have been reported to be at a higher risk of developing severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and death. However, most studies are single-center studies, and nationwide data in the United States is lacking.

Carcinosarcoma of the parotid gland: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Carcinosarcoma of the parotid gland is an extremely rare malignancy comprising of 0.04-0.16% of all salivary gland tumors.

Evaluation of ChatGPT pathology knowledge using board-style questions.

Objectives: ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence chatbot developed by OpenAI. Its extensive knowledge and unique interactive capabilities enable its use in various innovative ways in the medical field, such as writing clinical notes and simplifying radiology reports. Through this study, we aimed to analyze the pathology knowledge of ChatGPT to advocate its role in transforming pathology education.

Transient abnormal myelopoiesis with extramedullary involvement in a down syndrome preemie leading to an unresponsive course despite chemotherapy.

Introduction: Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) is a transient, clonal myeloproliferative disorder unique to Down Syndrome (DS) babies. It is characterized by increased peripheral blasts and presence of mutation. The clinical spectrum ranges from jaundice and hepatosplenomegaly to multi-organ failure and death.

A Rare Case of Intraosseous Papillary Hemangioma of the Head and Neck.

Papillary hemangioma is a novel variant of intravascular hemangioma. It is more common in adults and has a male predominance. Most tumors reported so far are solitary and cutaneous.

Tongue necrosis secondary to giant cell arteritis, successfully treated with tocilizumab: a case report.

Background: Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) is a large vessel vasculitis that most commonly presents with headache, scalp tenderness, jaw claudication, and vision changes. Various other, less common, manifestations have been reported in the literature such as scalp and tongue necrosis. Though most patients respond to corticosteroids, some cases of GCA are refractory to the high doses of corticosteroids.

Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies PHF14 Mutations in Neurocytoma and Predicts Responsivity to the PDGFR Inhibitor Sunitinib.

Neurocytomas are rare low-grade brain tumors predominantly affecting young adults, but their cellular origin and molecular pathogenesis is largely unknown. We previously reported a sellar neurocytoma that secreted excess arginine vasopressin causing syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone (SIADH). Whole exome sequencing in 21 neurocytoma tumor tissues identified somatic mutations in the in 3/21 (14%) tumors.

COVID-19 is not associated with worse long-term inflammatory bowel disease outcomes: a multicenter case-control study.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not associated with worse coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. However, data are lacking regarding the long-term impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection on the disease course of IBD.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effect of COVID-19 on long-term outcomes of IBD.

What is a better value for your time? Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion versus cervical disc arthroplasty.

Introduction: Compared to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), the motion preservation of cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) provides an attractive alternative with similar short-term results. However, there is a paucity of the economics of performing CDA over ACDF.

Study Design: This was retrospective study.

Why X-rays? The importance of radiographs in spine surgery.

Despite the advances made in high-resolution spinal imaging, plain films (radiographs or x-rays) remain a cornerstone of evaluating and caring for spine patients in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative settings. Although often undervalued when compared with more advanced imaging such as MRIs or CT scans, plain films provide surgeons invaluable information that other imaging modalities oftentimes cannot. In addition to their use during surgery for localization or evaluation of hardware placement, x-rays provide an overall image of a patient's spine, are useful in evaluating hardware complications, allow detailed assessment of alignment and stability and allow for repeated images in clinic during follow-up.

Trends in Clinical Presentation, Management, and Outcomes of STEMI in Patients With COVID-19.

Background: We previously reported high in-hospital mortality for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with COVID-19 treated in the early phase of the pandemic.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe trends of COVID-19 patients with STEMI during the course of the pandemic.

Methods: The NACMI (North American COVID-19 STEMI) registry is a prospective, investigator-initiated, multicenter, observational registry of hospitalized STEMI patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 infection in North America.

Oxalate nephropathy: a review.

This review describes the clinical and pathological features of oxalate nephropathy (ON), defined as a syndrome of decreased renal function associated with deposition of calcium oxalate crystals in kidney tubules. We review the different causes of hyperoxaluria, including primary hyperoxaluria, enteric hyperoxaluria and ingestion-related hyperoxaluria. Recent case series of biopsy-proven ON are reviewed in detail, as well as the implications of these series.

Intravitreal vascular endothelial growth factors hypertension, proteinuria, and renal injury: a concise review.

Purpose Of Review: Nearly 20 years ago, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)inhibitors (VEGFi) were adapted from systemic use from antiangiogenesis roles to intravitreal uses. Initially bevacizumab a murine immunoglobulin was injected 'off label' as a treatment for diabetic macular edema and age-related macular degeneration. Throughout the following decade aflibercept and finally ranibizumab were adapted and obtained Food and Drug Administration approval for intravitreal use.

Pulmonary Function Testing in Patients With E-Cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injury.

In 2019 there was an outbreak of respiratory illnesses amongst people who used E-cigarettes. This phenomenon was labeled 'EVALI' which stands for "Electronic cigarette (E-cigarette), or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injury" and is a life-threatening illness of the lungs associated with E-cigarette use. It is believed to be caused by certain chemicals in E-cigarette cartridges, such as vitamin E acetate, but the exact pathophysiological mechanism is yet to be elucidated.

Management of de Quervain Tenosynovitis: A Critical Analysis Review.

»: Most cases of de Quervain tenosynovitis can be managed with nonoperative measures, and the mainstay of treatment is corticosteroid injection (CSI). The use of ultrasound may improve the accuracy of injections and can help to identify and localize injections to separate subcompartments.

»: For patients who are in the third trimester of pregnancy or breastfeeding, there is no contraindication to CSI as studies have shown that it can provide optimal symptomatic relief to the mother without impacting the baby.

Malnutrition is Associated with Poor Postoperative Outcomes Following Laparoscopic Hysterectomy.

Background: Malnutrition continues to be pervasive among the general population, with rates as high as 50% of patients undergoing surgical procedures. Data is limited about women undergoing surgery for non-malignant gynecologic indications (generally elective laparoscopic hysterectomies, after failed conservative measures). With the significant increase in benign gynecologic surgery, it is of the upmost importance that surgeons optimize modifiable risk factors for patients undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy.