267,128 results match your criteria: "North Carolina; and State University of New York[Affiliation]"

Background: Prior studies have evaluated transfusion recipient variables impacting red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization, but few focused on potentially modifiable blood donor or blood component variables.

Study Design And Methods: Data from the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study (REDS)-III, which links donor, component, and patient data in an integrated database, were accessed. For any given RBC unit with sufficient blood donor and component data, we determined if the transfusion recipient experienced a new RBC alloimmunization event ("case") within 16 weeks of the transfusion or not ("control").

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Background: Frailty is an important prognostic indicator in older women with breast cancer. The Faurot frailty index, a validated claims-based frailty proxy measure, uses healthcare billing codes during a user-specified ascertainment window to predict frailty. We assessed how the duration of frailty ascertainment affected the ability of the Faurot frailty index to predict one-year mortality in women with stage I-II breast cancer.

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Background: Identification of genetic alleles associated with both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and concussion severity/recovery could help explain the association between concussion and elevated dementia risk. However, there has been little investigation into whether AD risk genes associate with concussion severity/recovery, and the limited findings are mixed.

Objective: We used AD polygenic risk scores (PRS) and APOE genotypes to investigate any such associations in the NCAA-DoD Grand Alliance CARE Consortium (CARE) dataset.

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Psychosocial Support Needs and Preferences Among Family Caregivers of ICU Patients with Severe Acute Brain Injury: A Qualitative Thematic Analysis.

Neurocrit Care

January 2025

Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Background: Family caregivers of patients with severe acute brain injury (SABI) are at risk for clinically significant chronic emotional distress, including depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress. Existing psychosocial interventions for caregivers of intensive care unit (ICU) patients are not tailored to the unique needs of caregivers of patients with SABI, do not demonstrate long-term efficacy, and may increase caregiver burden. In this study, we explored the needs and preferences for psychosocial services among SABI caregivers to inform the development and adaptation of interventions to reduce their emotional distress during and after their relative's ICU admission.

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The 2024 ADEA Annual Session Chair of the Board Symposium titled, Global Collaborations to Change the Paradigm in Oral Health Education and Care, aimed to highlight innovative global education models in oral health. The symposium sought to identify and explore opportunities for collaboration with international partners to ensure sustainable healthcare education to improve the oral health workforce. Additionally, it focused on discovering and adapting innovative solutions and best practices to enhance access to oral health services worldwide.

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Facile phase selective synthesis of copper antimony sulphide (CAS) nanostructures is important because of their tunable photoconductive and electrochemical properties. In this study, off-stoichiometric famatinite phase CAS (CAS) quasi-spherical and quasi-hexagonal colloidal nanostructures (including nanosheets) of sizes, 2.4-18.

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Two recent review papers published in the International Journal of Eating Disorders have considerably elevated the rigor of scholarship on the comorbidity between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and eating disorders. One paper reported that more than one-quarter of individuals with acute anorexia nervosa also have ASD, and that autistic traits are positively correlated with eating disorder psychopathology. The other paper reported that, compared to individuals with low autistic traits, those with high autistic traits report poorer experiences of eating disorder treatment, despite similar treatment outcomes.

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Longitudinal patterns of engagement in care among women living with HIV (WHIV) during the perinatal period are poorly understood. We employed group-based trajectory modeling to (1) describe trajectories of HIV visit engagement; and (2) identify predictors of membership in suboptimal care trajectories. Data came from a prospective cohort study across five urban clinics in Lilongwe, Malawi conducted between February 2020 and August 2022.

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Many men with HIV (MWH) want to have children and may encounter HIV- and infertility-related stigma experiences. Integration of reproductive health and HIV care for men is rare. When available, safer conception care focuses on HIV prevention but lacks fertility support.

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Background: Globally, low back pain (LBP) is responsible for disability among 60.1 million people. Health workers face a higher likelihood of being exposed to LBP compared to employees in the construction and manufacturing sectors.

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A diagnosis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) may have a significant impact on a patient's life. Therefore, it is important to consider differential diagnoses, as these can differ considerably from AMD regarding prognosis, inheritance, monitoring and therapy. Differential diagnoses include other macular diseases with drusen, drusen-like changes, monogenic retinal dystrophies, as well as a wide range of other, often rare macular diseases.

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Importance: Older adults often require specialized health care expertise, but the effects of geriatrics-focused models of primary care have not been fully evaluated.

Objective: To compare the effects of geriatrics-focused primary care vs traditional primary care for older patients in the Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this cohort study, geriatrics-focused primary care and traditional primary care patient dyads matched on variables associated with geriatrics-focused primary care entry and outcomes were enrolled from VA medical centers with operational geriatrics-focused primary care clinics serving 500 or more patients annually in fiscal year 2016.

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Background: The gut-kidney axis is implicated in chronic kidney disease (CKD) morbidity. We describe how a panel of gut microbiome-derived toxins relates to kidney function and neurocognitive outcomes in children with CKD, consisting of indoleacetate, 3-indoxylsulfate, p-cresol glucuronide, p-cresol sulfate, and phenylacetylglutamine.

Methods: The Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) cohort is a North American multicenter prospective cohort that enrolled children aged 6 months to 16 years with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 30-89 ml/min/1.

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Background: Investigator-initiated trials (IITs) may address important biological and clinical questions that may not be prioritized by pharmaceutical sponsors. However, little is known about the process by which IIT proposals are evaluated and activated.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of IIT concepts submitted through the Academic Thoracic Oncology Medical Investigators Consortium (ATOMIC), which comprises 13 institutions in the U.

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Background: Adverse events in childhood are linked to cancer risk across the life course, but evidence is lacking regarding parental death during childhood and breast cancer (BrCa) characteristics. We investigated whether parental loss in childhood defines women at higher risk of BrCa incidence and aggressive disease.

Methods: The Child Health and Development Studies (CHDS) comprises over 15,000 families who enrolled during mothers' pregnancies between 1959-1967; family members were followed for cancer incidence and cause-specific mortality.

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Tubulin Acetylation Enhances Microtubule Stability in Trabecular Meshwork Cells Under Mechanical Stress.

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci

January 2025

Department of Ophthalmology, Duke Eye Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States.

Purpose: To study the roles of tubulin acetylation and cyclic mechanical stretch (CMS) in trabecular meshwork (TM) cells and their impact on outflow pathway physiology and pathology.

Methods: Primary TM cell cultures were subjected to CMS (8% elongation, 24 hours), and acetylated α-tubulin at lysine 40 (Ac-TUBA4) was assessed by western blotting and immunofluorescence. Enzymes regulating tubulin acetylation were identified via siRNA-mediated knockdowns of ATAT1, HDAC6, and SIRT2.

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Background: While community engagement has had a substantial presence in public health research, community input to inform geospatial and health analyses remains underutilized and novel. This manuscript reports on community engagement activities to solicit stakeholder perspectives on the role of neighborhood conditions in health and cancer. We discuss how this community input refined a priori conceptual model to be tested in the larger Families, Friends, and Neighborhoods (FFAN) Study.

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Mode of Delivery and Subsequent Motor Function in Children With Myelomeningocele Without In Utero Repair.

Obstet Gynecol

January 2025

Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Magee-Women's Hospital, and the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, and the Richard D. Wood Jr. Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; the Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Duke Children's Hospital, Durham, North Carolina; the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; the Department of Surgery (and Maternal Fetal Care Center), Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Children's Minnesota, St. Paul and Minneapolis, Minnesota; the Johns Hopkins Center for Fetal Therapy, Baltimore, Maryland; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, and UC Davis Fetal Care and Treatment Center, Sacramento, California; St. Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; and UTHealth Houston Fetal Center, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas.

Objective: To assess the association between mode of delivery and 2-year motor function in children with prenatal diagnosis of myelomeningocele.

Methods: A multisite retrospective cohort study of children with myelomeningocele across 14 NAFTNet (North American Fetal Therapy Network) centers born between 2007 and 2020 who had a physical examination available at 2 years of life. Exclusion criteria were in utero myelomeningocele repair, postnatal myelomeningocele diagnosis, missing data on fetal presentation at delivery, and contraindications to labor.

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Psychometric assessment of scales used to evaluate sexual assault prevention programming in the United States Air Force.

PLoS One

January 2025

Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.

Background: Preventing sexual assault in the United States (U.S.) military is essential to safeguard the overall well-being of military personnel and support the military to function in alignment with its intended mission and objectives.

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Background: People who smoke cigars often have misperceptions about the associated risks, contributing to rises in smoking rates. This study investigates the perceived warning effectiveness (PWE) of health warning labels (HWLs) on cigar packages. We tested the impact of warning type and warning size in the HWLs on PWE and other health outcomes.

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Introduction: We assessed state-level disparities in diabetes prevalence among adults in rural and urban areas in the United States.

Methods: We estimated state-specific diabetes prevalence in rural and urban areas in 41 states with applicable data from the 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Rural areas were defined based on the 2013 National Center for Health Statistics Urban-Rural Classification Scheme.

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Navigating Medical Device Product Liability in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Obstet Gynecol

January 2025

Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; and Womack Army Medical Center, Fort Liberty, North Carolina.

Medical devices are an essential component of the practice of obstetrics and gynecology. These devices may, at times, suffer from a defect or failure, which could result in a product liability lawsuit when associated with patient harm. Medical device product liability lawsuits are directed toward the device manufacturer when a patient suffers harm because of a device.

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Introduction: The London classification provides standardization for characterization of disorders of anorectal function, although prevalences and clinical impact of these disorders are unclear.

Methods: An international research consortium was established, including five specialist centers. Prospective data were collected in consecutive adults referred for refractory chronic constipation (CC), fecal incontinence (FI) or coexistent CC/FI over 18 months.

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Objective: Community context influences children's risk for injury. We aimed to measure the explanatory capacity of two ZIP code-level measures-the Child Opportunity Index V.3.

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Assessing patient-reported outcomes in primary sclerosing cholangitis: an update.

Curr Opin Gastroenterol

January 2025

Center for Health Measurement, Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures validated in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are needed for clinical trials. This review describes the recent US Food & Drug Administration (FDA) Patient-Focused Drug Development (PFDD) guidelines, existing PRO measures used in PSC studies, and the design of PSC-specific symptom measures adherent with the guidelines.

Recent Findings: FDA released updated guidance reflecting best practices for the design and evaluation of clinical outcome assessments (including PROs) and the design of trial endpoints.

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