4,924 results match your criteria: "Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus"

Article Synopsis
  • * Researchers have created a new mouse model that mimics chronic hydrocephalus with normal pressure, displaying similar symptoms to human NPH, including unsteady gait and subtle learning difficulties.
  • * This model allows scientists to investigate the underlying neural mechanisms of NPH symptoms using advanced genetic techniques, potentially leading to new treatments.
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Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is commonly treated using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion procedures, most commonly ventriculoperitoneal (VP) but also lumboperitoneal (LP), ventriculoatrial (VA) shunting, and endoscopic third-ventriculostomy (ETV). Despite the prevalence of these interventions and recent advancements in iNPH diagnostic processes, there is limited up-to-date evidence regarding surgical outcomes.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to analyse the effects of CSF diversion surgeries among iNPH patients.

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Hodgkin's lymphoma is a malignancy of the lymphatic system that can rarely present with advanced-stage features such as spinal cord involvement and hypercalcemia. We present the case of a 63-year-old Caucasian male with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma, presenting with hypercalcemia and symptoms resembling normal pressure hydrocephalus. The patient exhibited gait impairment, altered mental status, and urinary incontinence, forming the classic triad seen in normal pressure hydrocephalus.

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Predictors of Satisfactory Surgical Outcome in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (Review).

Sovrem Tekhnologii Med

November 2024

MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Neurosurgery; Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov, 6 Academician Lebedev St., Saint Petersburg, 194044, Russia.

Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus is a widespread neurodegenerative disease of the elderly. If not treated surgically early, it results in a severe decrease in quality of life and disability. According to current clinical Russian and foreign guidelines the candidates for CSF shunting procedures are selected based on the results of invasive tests, though treatment outcomes are not always optimal.

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Article Synopsis
  • Advances in hydrocephalus treatment are leading to more patients with shunts reaching reproductive age and planning pregnancies.
  • Pregnancy complications may arise due to bodily changes like increased water retention and intra-abdominal pressure, necessitating thorough preconception exams and careful management.
  • Vaginal delivery is generally deemed safe, while cesarean sections are reserved for cases with significant neurological issues linked to shunt malfunction; various anesthesia options are available in uncomplicated pregnancies.
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A male in his 20s was referred to the neurosurgical service with headaches, vomiting and personality changes. He had a previous history of bilateral ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts and bitemporal decompressive surgery for neonatal intraventricular haemorrhage. There were appearances of slit-ventricles on his CT head scan typically associated with adequate cerebrospinal fluid drainage and normal intracranial pressure (ICP), which ordinarily will have limited further investigation.

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Background: Reduced cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) clearance may play a vital role in the pathogenesis of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), but the radiologic marker is yet to be elucidated.

Objectives: This open-label study presents two novel neuroimaging biomarkers based on enlarged perivascular spaces (ePVS) of the sub-insular territory: the Hedgehog and Hedgehog-Halo (H-H) sign, designed to predict gait symptom severity and tap response in NPH.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 203 patients with possible NPH with baseline magnetic resonance imaging and gait analyses before and after lumbar puncture (LP).

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Purpose: Optic nerve head (ONH) atrophy is frequently associated with hydrocephalic conditions. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-containing meninges form a subarachnoid space that terminates at the ONH, which physically impacts it. This study aims to characterize optic neuropathy in congenital hydrocephalic mice with genetic disruption of the Ccdc13 gene.

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Key Clinical Message: Normal pressure hydrocephalus is rarely associated with Belly dancer's dyskinesia and seizure.

Abstract: Belly dancer's dyskinesia (BDD) is characterized by bilateral, sluggish, involuntary, repetitive, and rhythmic motions of the anterior abdominal wall. We present a rare case of a 78-year-old man diagnosed with normal pressure hydrocephalus associated with BDD and seizure who presented with left-sided weakness of the body and abnormal body movements.

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Ultrasound-guided muscle dissection for lumboperitoneal shunting via lateral abdominal laparotomy.

J Med Invest

October 2024

Department of Neurosurgery, Saiseikai Shiga Hospital, Imperial Gift Foundation Inc., Shiga, Japan.

Purpose;Lumboperitoneal shunting (LPS) is a common procedure for treating idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), involving two abdominal approaches:anterior abdominal laparotomy and lateral abdominal laparotomy (LAL). While LAL is advantageous in terms of infection risk, it presents challenges such as muscle manipulation and potential deviation from the desired trajectory. This report presents a novel technique that utilizes ultrasound examination of the lateral abdominal wall (UELAW) to visualize the three muscle layers (external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis) before abdominal manipulation during LAL.

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Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus is a neurological disorder primarily affecting the elderly. Shunt surgery is the gold standard treatment, yet long-term outcome remains poorly investigated, especially concerning neuropsychological performance, motor skills and quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of shunting in iNPH patients up to three years post-surgery.

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In this prospective observational cohort study, we provide preliminary findings from a same-day multidisciplinary fast-tracked normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) clinic; incorporating the expertise of movement disorders neurologists, emphasizing the clinical characteristics, consensus classification, and management of patients referred for suspected NPH. We evaluated 111 patients (male/female: 67/44) from April 2022 to May 2023. Based on the multidisciplinary team consensus, 52 (46.

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Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) represents a unique form of hydrocephalus characterised by the paradox of ventriculomegaly without significant elevations in intracranial pressure, with the clinical triad of gait instability, cognitive impairment, and urinary incontinence. A myriad of neurobiological correlates have been implicated in its pathophysiology. We review the literature to provide an up-to-date, narrative review of the proposed mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of NPH, proposing a holistic framework through which to understand the condition.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Researchers conducted a retrospective analysis of MRI data from 34 patients who underwent the procedure, identifying key neuroimaging features that correlate with positive surgical outcomes.
  • * Significant predictors for favorable results were found, including the Evans index and DESH score, leading to the creation of a model that helps predict surgery outcomes, enhancing patient selection.
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Pathological gait in patients with Hakim's disease (HD, synonymous with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus; iNPH), Parkinson's disease (PD), and cervical myelopathy (CM) has been subjectively evaluated in this study. We quantified the characteristics of upper and lower limb movements in patients with pathological gait. We analyzed 1491 measurements of 1 m diameter circular walking from 122, 12, and 93 patients with HD, PD, and CM, respectively, and 200 healthy volunteers using the Three-Dimensional Pose Tracker for Gait Test.

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Article Synopsis
  • Mild head trauma in patients with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts can lead to serious subdural hematoma (SDH), complicating treatment options for acute SDH (ASDH) in those with normal pressure hydrocephalus.
  • A study analyzed five patients who underwent hematoma evacuation after adjusting their shunt valve pressure to the highest setting, focusing on clinical outcomes and treatment responses.
  • Results showed that most patients were elderly, had neurological impairments, and experienced falls, with varying outcomes at discharge, indicating that proper management of shunt valve pressure may help prevent bleeding recurrence.
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Article Synopsis
  • The study focuses on developing a test for detecting mild cognitive disorders in dementia patients by using sound symbolic words (SSW) linked to texture recognition.
  • A total of 102 participants with possible idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (iNPH) were assessed using an SSW texture recognition test, alongside standard neuropsychological evaluations.
  • Results showed a moderate correlation between SSW test scores and neuropsychological assessments, with significant differences found between participants with normal cognition and those with mild cognitive impairment, indicating the test's potential for effective early detection.
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Observational studies have suggested a bidirectional relationship between idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the causal association between these two neurodegenerative disorders remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the causal relationship between iNPH and AD using a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) method.

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Article Synopsis
  • Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) significantly impairs the glymphatic and meningeal lymphatic systems, leading to severe neurological and cognitive deficits in a beagle model, with blood clots, increased CSF pressure, and observable brain changes detected via MRI.
  • The study included a daily cistern magna CSF drainage treatment from one to three days post-SAH to evaluate its effects on these systems' recovery.
  • Findings showed that while initial lymphatic and glymphatic functions were disrupted, there was evidence of partial recovery by two weeks, highlighting the potential for targeted treatments in ameliorating the effects of SAH on brain health.
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Objective: Gait disturbance is one of the features of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and decompensated long-standing overt ventriculomegaly (LOVA). The timed-up-and-go (TUG) test and the timed-10-m-walking test (10MWT) are frequently used assessments tools for gait and balance disturbances in NPH and LOVA, as well as several other disorders. We aimed to make smart-phone apps which perform both the 10MWT and the TUG-test and record the results for individual patients, thus making it possible for patients to have an objective assessment of their progress.

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