Evaluation of the effect of rozanolixizumab on pregnancy outcomes and pre- and postnatal development in cynomolgus monkeys.

Rozanolixizumab, a humanised immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 monoclonal antibody that selectively inhibits binding of IgG to the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), was evaluated in an embryo-foetal enhanced pre- and postnatal development (ePPND) study. Pregnant female cynomolgus monkeys (19 per group) received subcutaneous rozanolixizumab 50mg/kg or 150mg/kg or vehicle every 3 days from gestation day 20 until delivery. The proportion of pregnancy losses was 15.

Folate receptor-targeted thiol-maleimide clicked chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose nanoparticles for cisplatin delivery in oral carcinoma.

This study aimed to develop cisplatin (CDDP)-loaded folic acid (FA)-decorated nanoparticles (NPs) as targeted drug carrier towards overexpressed folate receptors on the oral carcinoma cell line (KB cells). The FA-conjugated thiolated succinyl chitosan (FA-SH-SCS) and maleimide-grafted-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-MAL) were synthesized and acquired in the preparation of NPs via thiol-maleimide click reaction. The physicochemical characteristics, drug loading, and drug release of the FA-decorated NPs (FA-NPs) were examined.

Intravenous administration of Y-labeled polyoxazoline combined with tumor heating potently inhibits tumor growth in mice.

The basic requirements for the development of radiopharmaceuticals for radionuclide therapy of tumors include marked tumor-specific accumulation and long-term intratumoral retention. We have previously reported an indium-111 (In)-labeled thermoresponsive polymer (polyoxazoline (POZ)) that is soluble at body temperature with rapid clearance from normal tissues but self-aggregates in the tumor upon tumor heating treatment. POZ accumulated in the tumor via self-aggregation under hyperthermic conditions and was retained after stopping heat exposure.

Management of asthma in pregnancy.

Asthma is the most common chronic disease to affect pregnant women and can have a significant effect on pregnancy outcomes with increased rates of preterm birth, premature delivery and caesarean section observed if poorly controlled. Pregnancy can also influence asthma control. Prescribing in pregnancy causes anxiety for patients and healthcare professionals and can result in alteration or undertreatment of asthma.

Impact of the type of vaginal assisted delivery on the pelvic floor and OASI - Ultrasound study.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of pelvic floor and anal sphincter trauma in women after assisted vaginal delivery.

Methods: Retrospective study on 201 primiparous women after assisted vaginal delivery, control group 43 women after normal vaginal delivery. 4D translabial ultrasound examination of the levator ani and the anal sphincter was performed according to standard methodology at least 3 months postpartum.

Multi-omics analysis reveals the cerebral sex-specific responses to chronic hypoxia in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco).

Hypoxia disrupts multiple physiological processes, including metabolism, immunity, and reproduction in teleosts. The brain plays a critical role in adapting to environmental changes, regulating the endocrine system, and controlling reproduction. The present study investigated the sex-specific cerebral responses to chronic hypoxia through an integrated analysis of the transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome of yellow catfish.

Using normalisation process theory to identify factors facilitating the scaling up of parenting programs for immigrant parents.

Objective: As most studies focus on the initial adaptation of culturally tailored parenting programs in real-world settings, scalability and sustainability remain understudied. In this study, we used normalization process theory (NPT) as a conceptual framework to identify and understand the contextual factors impacting the scalability and sustainability of a culturally tailored parenting program, Ladnaan, in three Swedish municipalities.

Method: Nineteen managers, coordinators, and group leaders completed a survey and participated in individual or focus group interviews.

Diagnostic Utility of Cord Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) in Congenital Hypothyroidism and Its Association With Perinatal Factors: A Study From a Tertiary Referral Centre in Hyderabad, India.

Introduction Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most common, easily treatable, causes of long-term neurodevelopmental complications in children. The prevalence of CH in India is much higher compared to other countries. Although developed countries have well-established neonatal screening programs, a uniform nationwide screening program at birth is still not established in India.

A Randomized Study to Compare the Efficacy Between Intranasal and Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for the Removal of Foreign Bodies in the Esophagus at the Cricopharynx Level in Pediatric Patients.

Background: Foreign body (coins, magnets, button batteries, and metallic foreign bodies) ingestion is common and causes significant morbidity and mortality in children aged six months to three years. Endoscopic removal of swallowed foreign substances is widely accepted, but sedation and general anesthesia may be required to alleviate pain and anxiety during the procedure. Dexmedetomidine is used as a sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic, and analgesic.

Research on Sports Injury Rehabilitation Detection Based on IoT Models for Digital Health Care.

Physical therapists specializing in sports rehabilitation detection help injured athletes recover from their wounds and avoid further harm. Sports rehabilitators treat not just commonplace sports injuries but also work-related musculoskeletal injuries, discomfort, and disorders. Sensor-equipped Internet of Things (IoT) monitors the real-time location of medical equipment such as scooters, cardioverters, nebulizer treatments, oxygenation pumps, or other monitor gear.

Killing two birds with one stone: Siglec-15 targeting integrated bioactive glasses hydrogel for treatment of breast cancer bone metastasis.

Bone metastasis is a fatal consequence of breast cancer that occurs when patients fail to respond to conventional therapies and mainly result from a vicious cycle involving dysregulated bone homeostasis and uncontrolled tumor growth. Recent research has underscored the significance of Siglec-15, a membrane protein implicated in immunosuppression and osteoclast generation. Targeting Siglec-15 may disrupt the "vicious cycle" that causes bone metastases in patients with breast cancer.

Transdermal Ketoprofen Versus Fentanyl Patches for Pain Management Post-cesarean Section: A Comparative, Randomized, Double-Blind Study.

Introduction: Postoperative pain management after a cesarean section is essential to promote mother-infant bonding and ease of breastfeeding. Transdermal patches present a viable alternative to oral medications, offering controlled drug delivery and better bioavailability while avoiding first-pass metabolism, all of which can facilitate smoother recovery and rehabilitation.

Methods: This comparative, randomized, double-blind study was conducted on 70 parturients scheduled for cesarean section under spinal anesthesia, classified as ASA II.

Risk Factors, Associations, and Outcomes of Reduced Fetal Movements: A Preliminary Cross-Sectional Study at Port Sudan Maternity Hospital.

Background: Reduced fetal movements (RFM) are a significant concern in obstetric care. They often indicate fetal distress and are associated with adverse perinatal outcomes such as stillbirth and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). While RFM is recognized as a critical marker of fetal well-being, there is a limit to the data available on its risk factors and outcomes in the Port Sudan region.

Morphological modulation of starch chains from nanorod to nanospindle via temperature-controlling rearrangement.

Polymorphic nanoparticles, including starch nanoparticles (SNPs), have increasingly attracted attention, particularly rod-shaped variants, which are used for constructing anisotropic systems. Compared to symmetrically spherical particles, they show superior properties such as gastrointestinal retention for functional nutrients/drugs delivery and mechanical enhancement of filled materials, but their controlled fabrication remains a challenge. In this study, we yielded polymorphic SNPs with nearly axisymmetric geometries through a combined alkaline hydrolysis and nanoprecipitation method, followed by temperature-controlling rearrangement.

Effect of type of delivery and anesthesia method to ABR results on newborn hearing screening.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of type of delivery and anesthesia method on the screening ABR test results of newborns within the scope of the Newborn Hearing Screening Program (NHCP) and to investigate the relationship between the test results and the relevant variables.

Methods: 441 newborns were included in the study. Of these newborns, 221 constituted the control group (normal (vaginal) delivery), and 220 constituted the study group (cesarean section, delivery).

Cross-species RNAi therapy via AAV delivery alleviates neuropathic pain by targeting GCH1.

Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) expression is normally strictly controlled; however, its intracellular levels increase considerably following nerve damage. GTP cyclohydrolase I (GCH1) plays a crucial role in regulating BH4 concentration, with an upregulation observed in the dorsal root ganglion in cases of neuropathic pain. In this study, we aimed to develop and evaluate the clinical potential of an RNA interference-based adeno-associated virus (AAV) targeting GCH1 across various species to decrease BH4 levels and, consequently, alleviate neuropathic pain symptoms.

Development of three-layer microneedle system for controlled and sustained release of Levonorgestrel: A pioneering approach to long-term contraceptive delivery.

The increasing prevalence of unintended pregnancies, a persistent issue affecting public health and hindering progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), highlights the critical need for innovative contraceptive approaches. While current methods, including hormonal contraceptives such as levonorgestrel (LNG), offer potential solutions, challenges like limited access and inconsistent use persist. This study introduces a new approach with the development of a three-layer microneedle (TIMN) containing LNG designed to provide extended contraceptive efficacy.

Bio-friendly multi-stimuli responsive α-CD polymer-gated mesoporous carbon nanoherbicides for enhanced paraquat delivery.

Introduction: Weeds seriously affect crop yield in global agricultural production. Paraquat (PQ), as one of low cost and highly effective herbicide, is forbidden or severely restricted in production and sales owing to its lethal toxicity to humans. Creating an efficient and bio-friendly PQ formulation is crucial to facilitate the open use of PQ in world's agriculture.

The Tumor-Associated Calcium Signal Transducer 2 (TACSTD2) oncogene is upregulated in cystic epithelial cells revealing a potential new target for polycystic kidney disease.

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is an important cause of kidney failure, but treatment options are limited. While later stages of the disease have been extensively studied, mechanisms driving the initial conversion of kidney tubules into cysts are not understood. To identify genes with the potential to promote cyst initiation, we deleted polycystin-2 (Pkd2) in mice and surveyed transcriptional changes before and immediately after cysts developed.

'They did not care for me. I was alone on bed like a dead person': A qualitative study on mistreatment, dignity and power during childbirth in Nepal.

Mistreatment during institutional childbirth is multifactorial and can have a detrimental effect on women's health and future care-seeking behaviour. Understanding its determinants is essential for improving respectful maternity care. This study aimed to explore women's experiences of mistreatment during childbirth in Nepal.

Synthesis of platinum nanoparticles functionalized with glutamine and conjugated with thiosemicarbazone and their cytotoxic effects on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line and evaluation of CASP-8 gene expression.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent form of cancer among women and is a major contributor to cancer-related fatalities. Nanotechnology has provided novel approaches to drug delivery to cancer cells. In this work, we synthesized platinum (Pt) nanoparticles, functionalized them with glutamine, conjugated them with thiosemicarbazone (TSC), and characterized their anticancer effects on the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line.

Finerenone, Obesity, and Heart Failure With Mildly Reduced/Preserved Ejection Fraction: Prespecified Analysis of FINEARTS-HF.

Background: Obesity is associated with excessive adipocyte-derived aldosterone secretion, independent of the classical renin-angiotensin-aldosterone cascade, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists may be more effective in patients with heart failure (HF) and obesity.

Objectives: This study sought to examine the effects of the nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist finerenone compared with placebo, according to body mass index (BMI) in FINEARTS-HF (FINerenone trial to investigate Efficacy and sAfety superioR to placebo in paTientS with Heart Failure).

Methods: A total of 6,001 patients with HF with NYHA functional class II, III, and IV, a left ventricular ejection fraction of ≥40%, evidence of structural heart disease, and elevated natriuretic peptide levels were randomized to finerenone or placebo.

[Effect of the Spinning Babies Program on Birth Outcomes and Satisfaction during Labor: A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial].

Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of the Spinning Babies program applied during labor on birth outcomes and satisfaction among pregnant women.

Methods: This non-equivalent control group, non-synchronized post-test only design study included 42 participants (22 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group). The Spinning Babies program was conducted four times in the experimental group during the first and second stages of delivery for 50 min per session.

Rational design of N-glycosyltransferases from Aggregatibacter aphrophilus to synthesize Gal-modified glycoconjugates targeting hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) significantly impacts human health due to its tendency to develop multi-drug resistance. Regarding the treatment of HCC, galactosylated conjugates can target drug delivery. Bacterial N-glycosyltransferases (NGTs) catalyze glucosylation or galactosylation of the Asn residue motif Asn-X-Ser/Thr (X ≠ P).

Maternal and neonatal outcomes after a more interventional versus a more expectant management of the second stage of labor: A retrospective multicenter study.

Background: The optimal duration of second stage of labor has been largely discussed in literature, but there are no uniformly accepted contemporary criteria for defining normal or abnormal length. Available evidence suggests that longer duration of second stage of labor is associated with a lower rate of spontaneous vaginal delivery and increased maternal morbidity. On the neonatal side, it seems that longer second stage doesn't affect new-born morbidity, in a context of very rare neonatal complications.