Terminating Routine Cord Blood RhD Typing of the Newborns to Guide Postnatal Anti-D Immunoglobulin Prophylaxis Based on the Results of Fetal RHD Genotyping.

Introduction: Targeted routine antenatal prophylaxis with anti-D immunoglobulin (Ig) only to RhD-negative pregnant women who carry RhD-positive fetuses (determined by fetal RHD genotyping) has reduced D-alloimmunization significantly when administered in addition to postnatal prophylaxis. Achieving high analysis sensitivity and few false-negative fetal RHD results will make RhD typing of the newborn redundant. Postnatal prophylaxis can then be given based on the result of fetal RHD genotyping.

PRO: Do We Still Need Whole-Brain Irradiation for Brain Metastases?

(1) Background: In recent decades, the use of whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) in the treatment of brain metastases has significantly decreased, with clinicians fearing adverse neurocognitive events and data showing limited efficacy regarding local tumor control and overall survival. The present study thus aimed to reassess the role that WBRT holds in the treatment of brain metastases. (2) Methods: This review summarizes the available evidence from 1990 until today supporting the use of WBRT, as well as new developments in WBRT and their clinical implications.

Independent Validation of a Unifying Prognostic Model for Intracranial and Extracranial Metastasis-directed Radiotherapy.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the validity of a unifying prognostic model, originally developed by Kowalchuk et al., because relevant variations in clinical practice and observed survival may impact on the performance of predictive tools.

Patients And Methods: Retrospectively, data from a single institution were analyzed.

Emergency department physicians' experiences and perceptions with medication-related work tasks and the potential role of clinical pharmacists.

Purpose: Medication-related problems are frequent among emergency department patients. Clinical pharmacists play an important role in identifying, solving, and preventing these problems, but are not present in emergency departments worldwide. We aimed to explore how Norwegian physicians experience medication-related work tasks in emergency departments without pharmacists present, and how they perceive future introduction of a clinical pharmacist in the interprofessional team.

Intestinal fatty acid binding protein is associated with cardiac function and gut dysbiosis in chronic heart failure.

Background: The gut microbiota in patients with chronic heart failure (HF) is characterized by low bacterial diversity and reduced ability to synthesize beneficial metabolites. These changes may facilitate leakage of whole bacteria or bacterial products from the gut into the bloodstream, which may activate the innate immune system and contribute to the low-grade inflammation seen in HF. In this exploratory cross-sectional study, we aimed to investigate relationships between gut microbiota diversity, markers of gut barrier dysfunction, inflammatory markers, and cardiac function in chronic HF patients.

The association of religious factors with mental health-service utilisation and satisfaction in a mixed Sámi and Norwegian adult population: Adopting the SAMINOR 2 Questionnaire Survey.

The Indigenous Sámi have poorer mental health than the majority population and fairly equal access to professional mental healthcare. Despite this condition, certain studies indicate that this group is underrepresented among the users of such services. Religion or spirituality (R/S) often influences mental health-service utilisation and satisfaction among other Indigenous peoples and ethnic minorities.

Norwegian health personnel's contacts and referrals for children of ill parents: an exploratory cross-sectional multi-centre study.

Background: In 2010, changes were made to the Norwegian Health Personnel Act. This led to all health personnel being obliged to support the patients' children and families. The aims of this study were to investigate whether health personnel contacted or referred the patients' children to family/friends or public services.

Days at home in the last three months of life: patterns-of-care analysis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: To calculate the number of days patients with terminal non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) spent at home in the last 3 months of life, and to identify factors that predict a lower proportion of days at home.

Material And Methods: Retrospective study of 434 deceased patients with NSCLC. The number of days spent in a hospital or nursing home was identified from electronic health records.

What does shared decision making ask from doctors? Uncovering suppressed qualities that could improve person-centered care.

Objective: Shared decision making (SDM) is infrequently seen in clinical practice despite four decades of efforts. We propose a need to explore what SDM asks from doctors in terms of enabling competencies and necessary, underlying qualities, and how these can be nurtured or suppressed in medical training.

Discussion: Key SDM tasks call for doctors to understand communication and decision mechanisms to carry them out well, including reflecting on what they know and do not know, considering what to say and how, and listening unprejudiced to patients.

Patient perceptions and experiences with medication-related activities in the emergency department: a qualitative study.

Background: Emergency department (ED) pharmacists reduce medication errors and improve quality of medication use. Patient perceptions and experiences with ED pharmacists have not been studied. The aim of this study was to explore patients' perceptions of and experiences with medication-related activities in the ED, with and without an ED pharmacist present.

The liminal landscape of mentoring-Stories of physicians becoming mentors.

Introduction: This study explores narratives of physicians negotiating liminality while becoming and being mentors for medical students. Liminality is the unstable phase of a learning trajectory in which one leaves behind one understanding but has yet to reach a new insight or position.

Methods: In this study, we analysed semi-structural interviews of 22 physician mentors from group-based mentoring programmes at two Norwegian and one Canadian medical school.

A Comparison of Risk Classification Systems of Colorectal Adenomas: A Case-Cohort Study.

Background & Aims: Because post-polypectomy surveillance uses a growing proportion of colonoscopy capacity, more targeted surveillance is warranted. We therefore compared surveillance burden and cancer detection using 3 different adenoma classification systems.

Methods: In a case-cohort study among individuals who had adenomas removed between 1993 and 2007, we included 675 individuals with colorectal cancer (cases) diagnosed a median of 5.

Percent of remaining life on palliative radiation treatment: solely a function of fractionation?

Background: This study analyzed the percent of remaining life (PRL) on treatment in patients irradiated for bone metastases. Bone metastases were treated together with other target volumes, if indicated, e.g.

Registered nurses' experience of care for adult patients with a temporary tracheostomy at general hospital wards. A phenomenological-hermeneutic explorative study.

Background: Caring for adult patients with a temporary tracheostomy in general wards can be challenging and complex. Little research has explored registered nurses' experiences with caring for these groups of patients.

Objectives: This study sought to interpret and describe registered nurses' lived experiences of caring for adult patients with a tracheostomy in general wards.

Personalized radiotherapy of brain metastases: survival prediction by means of dichotomized or differentiated blood test results?

Background And Objectives: The validated LabBM score (laboratory parameters in patients with brain metastases) represents a widely applicable survival prediction model, which incorporates 5 blood test results (serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, platelets and hemoglobin). All tests are classified as normal or abnormal, without accounting for the wide range of abnormality observed in practice. We tested the hypothesis that improved stratification might be possible, if more granular test results are employed.

evaluation of iron oxide nanoparticle-induced thromboinflammatory response using a combined human whole blood and endothelial cell model.

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are widely used in diagnostic and therapeutic settings. Upon systemic administration, however, they are rapidly recognized by components of innate immunity, which limit their therapeutic capacity and can potentially lead to adverse side effects. IONPs were previously found to induce the inflammatory response in human whole blood, including activation of the complement system and increased secretion of cytokines.

Does method matter? Assessing the validity and clinical utility of structured diagnostic interviews among a clinical sample of first-admitted patients with psychosis: A replication study.

Introduction: Increasingly, diagnostic assessments in clinical practice are made using structured diagnostic interviews or self-rating scales imported into clinical practice from research studies and big-scale surveys. Although structured diagnostic interviews have been shown to be highly reliable in research, the use of such method in clinical contexts are more questionable. In fact the validity and clinical utility of such methods in naturalistic contexts have rarely been evaluated.

Thromboinflammatory response is increased in pancreas transplant alone versus simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation and early pancreas graft thrombosis is associated with complement activation.

Background: Pancreas transplant alone (PTA) recipients are more affected by pancreas graft thrombosis, and graft loss compared to simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) recipients. The pathophysiology is unknown, but an increased immune response has been suggested in the PTA recipients. In this observational study, we compared perioperative thromboinflammation between PTA (n=32) and SPK (n=35) recipients, and between PTA recipients with (n=14) versus without (n=18) early graft thrombosis.

Nurses and global health responsibility: In light of the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine.

Aim: The aim of this paper was to reflect on global ethical challenges for nurses in light of the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine and to discuss 'Nurses and Global Health', a new element in the revised ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses, 2021, and its implications for nurses.

Background: The authors participated in the latest revision of the Code. When we were revising the ICN Code of Ethics, there was neither an ongoing pandemic nor a war in Europe.

Plasma Inflammatory Biomarkers Are Associated With Poststroke Cognitive Impairment: The Nor-COAST Study.

Background: Inflammation is proposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of poststroke cognitive impairment. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between concentrations of systemic inflammatory biomarkers after ischemic stroke and poststroke cognitive impairment.

Methods: The Nor-COAST study (Norwegian Cognitive Impairment After Stroke) is a prospective observational multicenter cohort study, including patients hospitalized with acute stroke between 2015 and 2017.

Early death after palliative radiation treatment: 30-, 35- and 40-day mortality data and statistically robust predictors.

Background: This study analyzed mortality after radiotherapy for bone metastases (287 courses). Endpoints such as treatment in the last month of life and death within 30, 35 and 40 days from start of radiotherapy were evaluated.

Methods: Different baseline parameters including but not limited to blood test results and patterns of metastases were assessed for association with early death.

High plasma levels of C1-inhibitor are associated with lower risk of future venous thromboembolism.

Background: C1-inhibitor (C1INH) is a broad-acting serine protease inhibitor with anticoagulant activity. The impact of C1INH plasma levels within the normal physiological range on risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is unknown. We assessed the association of plasma C1INH levels and VTE risk and evaluated the impact of C1INH on thrombin and plasmin generation in ex vivo assays.

Escherichia coli-induced inflammatory responses are temperature-dependent in human whole blood ex vivo.

Systemic inflammatory conditions are often associated with hypothermia or hyperthermia. Therapeutic hypothermia is used in post-cardiac arrest and some other acute diseases. There is a need for more knowledge concerning the effect of various temperatures on the acute inflammatory response.