Development of brain metastases in patients managed with non-curative thoracic radiotherapy for stage II/III non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: This retrospective study analyzed the incidence of subsequent brain metastases after palliative radiotherapy or chemoradiation in patients with stage II/III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Risk factors for brain metastases development and survival after diagnosis were evaluated.

Methods: Different baseline parameters including but not limited to age, stage and target volume size were assessed.

No Short-Term Effect of Low-Dose Nicotine on Inflammation after Global Hypoxia in Newborn Piglets.

Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia initiates cytokine release and complement activation with risk of brain damage. We assessed the effect of nicotine on innate immunity and hypothesized that nicotine infusion in a newborn piglet model of asphyxia would decrease the immune response and be neuroprotective.

Methods: Newborn piglets (n = 41) were randomized to one of three groups after hypoxia: two groups receiving nicotine, (1) 18 µg/kg/h (n = 17), (2) 46 µg/kg/h (n = 15), and (3) control group receiving saline (n = 9).

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis caused by the expansion in Norway - prevalence, ancestry, clinical characteristics and sociodemographic status.

Objective: The most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the expansion. A high incidence of this expansion has been detected in Sweden and Finland. This Norwegian population-based study aimed to identify the prevalence, geographic distribution, ancestry, and relatedness of ALS patients with a expansion (C9).

Metacognitive Therapy for Body Dysmorphic Disorder: A Consecutive Case Series.

Research suggests that metacognitions could be important in explaining symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), but the effect of metacognitive therapy (MCT) on BDD is unknown. The aim of this consecutive case series was to explore MCT for BDD, delivered individually within a public mental health setting. Treatment was based on MCT manuals for obsessive-compulsive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder.

Pulmonary miRNA expression after polytrauma depends on the surgical invasiveness and displays an anti-inflammatory pattern by the combined inhibition of C5 and CD14.

Background: Respiratory failure can be a severe complication after polytrauma. Extensive systemic inflammation due to surgical interventions, as well as exacerbated post-traumatic immune responses influence the occurrence and progression of respiratory failure. This study investigated the effect of different surgical treatment modalities as well as combined inhibition of the complement component C5 and the toll-like receptor molecule CD14 (C5/CD14 inhibition) on the pulmonary microRNA (miRNA) signature after polytrauma, using a translational porcine polytrauma model.

Implementing peer support into practice in mental health services: a qualitative comparative case study.

Background: Peer workers are people with personal experience of mental distress, employed within mental health services to support others with similar experiences. Research has identified a range of factors that might facilitate or hinder the introduction of new peer worker roles into mental health services. While there is mixed evidence for the effectiveness of peer worker delivered interventions, there are no studies exploring how implementation might be associated with effect.

The Mitogenome of the Subarctic Octocoral Reveals a Putative tRNA Gene Nested within MutS.

We sequenced and analyzed the complete mitogenome of a Norwegian isolate of the octocoral using the Ion Torrent sequencing technology. The 18,790 bp circular mitochondrial genome was found to harbor the same set of 17 genes, which encode 14 protein subunits, two structural ribosomal RNAs and one tRNA, as reported in other octocorals. In addition, we detected a new tRNA-like gene sequence nested within the MutS protein coding region.

Geographic and socioeconomic variation in treatment of elderly prostate cancer patients in Norway - a national register-based study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine geographic and socioeconomic variation in curative treatment and choice of treatment modality among elderly prostate cancer (PCa) patients.

Methods: This register-based cohort study included all Norwegian men ≥ 70 years when diagnosed with non-metastatic, high-risk PCa in 2011-2020 (n = 10 807). Individual data were obtained from the Cancer Registry of Norway, the Norwegian Prostate Cancer Registry, and Statistics Norway.

through bodily re-explorations and interactions with the surroundings: a qualitative study on changed perceptions of physical activity in people with mild multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: Reduced physical activity (PA) among people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) with low disability is a significant concern. Developing healthcare to promote PA requires a comprehensive understanding of pwMS's perspectives.

Purpose: To explore how pwMS with mild disability perceive PA and the impact of individual, professional, social, and environmental aspects on their PA engagement.

Femoral nailing associated with bone marrow emboli in pigs induced a specific increase in blood IL-6 and broad inflammatory responses in the heart and lungs.

Introduction: Bone marrow embolization may complicate orthopedic surgery, potentially causing fat embolism syndrome. The inflammatory potential of bone marrow emboli is unclear. We aimed to investigate the inflammatory response to femoral intramedullary nailing, specifically the systemic inflammatory effects in plasma, and local tissue responses.

Visual inspection versus spectrophotometry for xanthochromia detection in patients with sudden onset severe headache-A diagnostic accuracy study.

Objective: There is still disagreement about whether to routinely use spectrophotometry to detect xanthochromia in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or whether visual inspection is adequate. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of these methods in detecting an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in patients with sudden onset severe headache.

Background: When a patient presents to the emergency department with a headache for which there is suspicion of a subarachnoid hemorrhage, the gold standard to rule this out is to perform a CSF analysis for xanthochromia with or without spectrophotometry if the cranial non-contrast computed tomography (CT) upon admission is negative.

Delayed cervical emphysema after thyroidectomy: a case report and a literature overview.

Thyroidectomy is a surgery performed due to both benign and malign diseases in the thyroid. The overall complication rate is low, where most of them will appear within the first 24 hours after surgery. However, severe complications can occur as late as 14 days postsurgery.

Hamman's Syndrome after Vaginal Delivery: A Case of Postpartum Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum with Subcutaneous Emphysema and Review of the Literature.

Hamman's syndrome is a rare condition that mostly affects young males, often with a predisposition to asthma. It includes the presence of free air in the mediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema with no other underlying cause such as trauma, infection, or administration of any sort of mask support with hyperpressure. It occurs spontaneously and often in association with a prolonged Valsalva maneuver.

From political priority to service delivery: complexities to real-life priority of abortion services in Ethiopia.

Improving access to abortion services has been coined a high priority by the Ethiopian Federal Ministry of Health. Nevertheless, many women are still struggling to access abortion services. The dedicated commitment to expanding abortion services by central authorities and the difficulties in further improving access to the services make for an interesting case to explore the real-life complexities of health priority setting.

The function of the complement system remains fully intact throughout the course of allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

Introduction: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is associated with immune complications and endothelial dysfunction due to intricate donor-recipient interactions, conditioning regimens, and inflammatory responses.

Methods: This study investigated the role of the complement system during HSCT and its interaction with the cytokine network. Seventeen acute myeloid leukemia patients undergoing HSCT were monitored, including blood sampling from the start of the conditioning regimen until four weeks post-transplant.

Return to Work After Breast Cancer Treatment: An Electronic Health Record-based Study in North Norway.

Background/aim: Breast cancer treatment may interfere with work ability. Previous return-to-work studies have often focused on participants who were invited to participate after treatment completion. Participation varied, resulting in potential selection bias.

Impact of Prosigna test on adjuvant treatment decision in lymph node-negative early breast cancer-a prospective national multicentre study (EMIT-1).

Background: EMIT-1 is a national, observational, single-arm trial designed to assess the value of the Prosigna, Prediction Analysis of Microarray using the 50 gene classifier (PAM50)/Risk of Recurrence (ROR), test as a routine diagnostic tool, examining its impact on adjuvant treatment decisions, clinical outcomes, side-effects and cost-effectiveness. Here we present the impact on treatment decisions.

Patients And Methods: Patients with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative pT1-pT2 lymph node-negative early breast cancer (EBC) were included.

Experiences and perceptions of critical care nurses on the use of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to establish peripheral venous access in patients with difficult intravenous access: a qualitative study.

Objectives: This study aims to explore and describe critical care nurses' (CCNs') experiences and perceptions of using point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to establish peripheral intravenous access in patients with difficult intravenous access (DIVA).

Design: A qualitative design with a hermeneutic approach was chosen for this study. From May to August 2022, data were collected using individual, face-to-face, and digital semistructured interviews and analysed using Braun and Clarke's reflexive thematic analysis.

Comprehensive Analysis of Blood Test Results Predicting Prognosis in Patients Undergoing Whole-brain Radiotherapy for Brain Metastases.

Background/aim: Blood tests, such as those included in the validated LabBM score (laboratory parameters in patients with brain metastases) predict survival after treatment of brain metastases. The model incorporates five test results [serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, platelets and hemoglobin]. However, many other abnormalities, albeit less well-studied, may be present in patients with metastatic cancer.

Survival after docetaxel for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in a rural health care setting.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate overall survival of men who received systemic therapy with docetaxel for metastatic castration- resistant prostate cancer (MCRPC) in rural Nordland County, Norway. Prognostic factors related to treatment and other variables were evaluated.

Material And Methods: Overall, 132 pa- tients were included in this retrospective study covering the years 2009-2022.

IMPRESS-Norway: improving public cancer care by implementing precision medicine in Norway; inclusion rates and preliminary results.

Background And Purpose: In Norway, comprehensive molecular tumour profiling is implemented as part of the public healthcare system. A substantial number of tumours harbour potentially targetable molecular alterations. Therapy outcomes may improve if targeted treatments are matched with actionable genomic alterations.

The Inflammatory Response Induced by Aspergillus fumigatus Conidia Is Dependent on Complement Activation: Insight from a Whole Blood Model.

Introduction: We aimed to elucidate the inflammatory response of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia in a whole-blood model of innate immune activation and to compare it with the well-characterized inflammatory reaction to Escherichia coli.

Methods: Employing a human lepirudin whole-blood model, we analyzed complement and leukocyte activation by measuring the sC5b-9 complex and assessing CD11b expression. A 27-multiplex system was used for quantification of cytokines.

Factors Associated With Prescription of Systemic Therapy in Real-world Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer Managed in a Rural Region.

Background/aim: Numerous new treatment options have been approved for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in the last decade. Nevertheless, not all patients receive systemic therapy. Certain patients present with very advanced disease, poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), or severe comorbidity, i.