Management of Femoral Shaft Fracture in Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome with External Fixator.

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare complex malformation characterized by the clinical triad of capillary malformations, soft tissue and bone hypertrophy, and venous/lymphatic malformation. Fractures of long bones in such cases are challenging to treat. A 12-year-old female with this syndrome presented with femoral shaft fracture of right thigh.

Different faces of Nocardia infection in renal transplant recipients.

Aim: Nocardia infections are an uncommon but important cause of morbidity and mortality in renal transplant recipients. The present study was carried out to determine the spectrum of Nocardia infections in a renal transplant centre in Australia.

Methods: A retrospective chart analysis of all renal transplants performed from 2008 to 2014 was conducted to identify cases of culture proven Nocardia infection.

BK Virus Associated Nephropathy, a Cause of Early Renal Allograft Dysfunction: A Single Centre Study.

Background: BK virus associated nephropathy (BKVN) is an important cause of early graft dysfunction in renal transplant recipients. The present study was carried out to determine the burden of BKVN in a single renal transplant centre in Australia.

Method: A retrospective analysis of de novo renal transplant recipients from 2010 to 2013 was performed to identify biopsy proven BKVN.

Validity of flounce sign to rule out medial meniscus tear in knee arthroscopy.

Background: The meniscal flounce is wavy fold in free inner border of meniscus seen during knee arthroscopy. The presence of this flounce in medial meniscus has been found to be highly predictive of normal medial meniscus. With meniscus related symptoms being commonest indication for undergoing knee arthroscopy, presence or absence of medial meniscus flounce, can be a good guiding sign.

Oral Health Condition of School Children in Nawalparasi District, Nepal.

Background: Oral diseases and feeding habits are inextricably linked. Significance of assessing oral health conditions among the school children therefore exists. The current study investigated the oral health condition among 5-6 years and 12-13 years children in Nawalparasi district, Nepal.

Psychological impact of visible differences in patients with congenital craniofacial anomalies.

Background: Patients with craniofacial anomalies often have appearance concerns and related social anxiety which can affect their quality of life. This study assessed the psychological impact of facial and dental appearance in patients with craniofacial anomalies in comparison to a general population control group.

Methods: The study involved 102 adult patients (51% male) with congenital craniofacial anomalies and 102 controls (49% male).

Clinical profile of patients with recurrent seizure in tertiary care hospital in Nepal.

Background: Epilepsy is a common and diverse disorder with many different causes. Outcomes are varied with 60-70% of newly diagnosed people rapidly entering remission after starting treatment and 20-30% developing a drug-resistant epilepsy with consequent clinical and psychosocial distress. About one third of patients with a first unprovoked seizure will have further seizures within five years, and about three quarters of those with two or three unprovoked seizures have further seizures within four years.

Compound fracture of humeral shaft associated with two-part fracture dislocation of ipsilateral shoulder: a rare combination.

Humerus fracture is very rarely associated with ipsilateral shoulder dislocation. Here, we have reported probably the first case of compound fracture of humerus associated with a two-part fracture dislocation of ipsilateral shoulder. A 30-year-old female presented to the emergency department after a road traffic accident.

Identification of an Alternate Maxillary Apical Base Landmark from Pre-existing Substitutions.

Background: Cephalometrically the position of maxilla is usually assessed by point A, which is one of the most common cephalometric landmarks used for spatial analysis of maxilla, however in certain scenarios we require a alternative landmark.

Aims: In this study a nearest alternative maxillary apical base landmark was identified for Point A substitutions given by different authors.

Methods And Material: A cross sectional study was conducted on thirty (30) good quality lateral cephalograms.

Intradialytic Muscle Cramp and its Association with Peripheral Arterial Disease in End Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis.

Introduction:  Muscle cramp is a common intradialytic complication observed in hemodialysis patients. Similarly Peripheral arterial disease is a common condition in the hemodialysis population.

Methods:  Fifty patients with a diagnosis of End Stage Renal Disease who were on hemodialysis were studied over a period of one year.

Study on developmental-behavioural pediatrics training experiences of pediatricians and pediatric trainees working in Nepal.

Background: There are growing concerns about developmental, behavioural, social and emotional wellbeing of children throughout the world. A huge gap exists between the instructions provided on medical disciplines and on areas of Developmental-Behavioural Pediatrics (DBP) during pediatric training in our region.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the Developmental-Behavioural pediatrics (DBP) training experiences of pediatricians and pediatric trainees during their post graduate training in pediatrics.

Epidemiology of Malocclusion and Assessment of Orthodontic Treatment Need for Nepalese Children.

Objective. To evaluate the prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among 12- to 15-year-old schoolchildren in eastern Nepal and compare the findings with those of other populations. Methods.

Paraspinal and presacral extramedullary hematopoiesis: a rare manifestation of polycythemia vera.

Extramedullary hematopoiesis is characterized by the presence of hematopoietic tissue outside the bone marrow. Extrathoracic extramedullary hematopoiesis is a rare and usually asymptomatic condition. We report a case of a 38-year-old female with paraspinal and presacral extramedullary hematopoiesis with polycythemia vera.

Health seeking behavior during pregnancy and child birth among Muslim women of Biratnagar, Nepal.

Maternal mortality remains one of the biggest public health challenges in Nepal. This paper explores the health seeking behavior, during pregnancy and child birth in certain ethnic group. The poverty, illiteracy, women's low status in the society, lack of access and difficult geographical terrain are major reasons for poor maternal health status in Nepal.

Glaucoma awareness in a hospital presenting population in eastern Nepal.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess awareness and knowledge regarding glaucoma among people attending free eye clinic in eastern region of Nepal.

Methods: All the consecutive patients aged 35 years or older, who presented to the free eye clinic, were invited to participate in this cross-sectional survey conducted in June-July 2010. All the participants were residents of Morang district of eastern Nepal.

The incidence of color blindness among some school children of Pokhara, Western Nepal.

The incidence of color blindness varies from race to race and different in different geographical area. Since, there is no such report about the prevalence of color blindness in the western part of Nepal, the present study had been conducted to find out the incidence of color blindness among school children of Pokhara city, western Nepal. Participant's (n=964, 474 boys, 490 girls, age group 10 to 19 years) color vision was tested by using Ishihara chart (38 plates).

Study on determination of errors in prescription writing: A semi-electronic perspective.

Background: Prescription writing is one of the most important and basic skills that a doctor needs. Prescribing errors may have various detrimental consequences. Hence, the components of a prescription should be clearly written, free of drug related omission (incomplete prescription), commission (incorrect information) and integration errors, without nonofficial abbreviations, and fulfil the legal requirements of a prescription.

Study on the refractive errors of school going children of Pokhara city in Nepal.

Objectives: Refractive errors are the one of the most common visual disorders found worldwide in school going children and also it is one of the causes of blindness. It can easily be prevented, if timely proper measures are taken. In Kathmandu valley and Mechi Zone of Nepal, the distribution of refractive errors was found to be very high.