Discovery of new fungal jumonji H3K27 demethylase inhibitors for the treatment of Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida auris infections.

Invasive fungal infections have become a serious public health problem. To tackle the challenges of limited efficacy in antifungal therapy and severe drug resistance, antifungal drugs with new mechanisms of action are urgently needed. Our previous study identified JIB-04 to be an inhibitor of fungal histone demethylase (HDM).

A Review of Sponge-Derived Diterpenes: 2009-2022.

Sponges are a vital source of pharmaceutically active secondary metabolites, of which the main structural types are alkaloids and terpenoids. Many of these compounds exhibit biological activities. Focusing specifically on diterpenoids, this article reviews the structures and biological activities of 228 diterpenes isolated from more than 33 genera of sponges from 2009 to 2022.

A Redox-Triggered Autophagy-Induced Nanoplatform with PD-L1 Inhibition for Enhancing Combined Chemo-Immunotherapy.

Epirubicin (EPI) alone can trigger mildly protective autophagy in residual tumor cells, resulting in an immunosuppressive microenvironment. This accelerates the recurrence of residual tumors and leads to antiprogrammed death ligand 1 (anti-PD-1)/PD-L1 therapy resistance, posing a significant clinical challenge in tumor immunotherapy. The combination of checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and amplifying autophagy presents an innovative approach to tumor treatment, which can prevent tumor immune escape and enhance therapeutic recognition.

Recurrent CYP2A6 gene mutation in biphasic hyalinizing psammomatous renal cell carcinoma: Additional support of three cases.

Biphasic hyalinizing psammomatous renal cell carcinoma (BHP RCC) with NF2 gene mutations is a newly described provisional category of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Here we described three additional cases of BHP RCC with CYP2A6 gene mutation besides NF2 gene. The carcinomas were predominantly unencapsulated, and two of them had a rounded, nodular interface with the native kidney while one had perirenal adipose tissue invasion.

Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Inflammatory Response in Aortic Dissection.

Objective: To study the effect of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on perioperative inflammatory response in aortic dissection (AD) patients.

Methods: From June 2020 to June 2022, 50 patients with Stanford type B AD underwent endovascular stent-graft exclusion (EVAR) at our hospital. They randomly were assigned to two groups (N = 25): the control group (C group) and the Dex group.

Urinary exosomal prostate-specific antigen is a noninvasive biomarker to detect prostate cancer: Not only old wine in new bottles.

The study aimed at evaluating the performance of urinary exosomal prostate-specific antigen (UE-PSA) to predict the results of initial prostate biopsies and discriminate clinically significant prostate cancer (Gleason score ≥ 7, csPCa) from nonsignificant PCa (Gleason score < 7, nsPCa) plus benign patients. Two hundred seventy-two consecutive participants were admitted who underwent a prostate biopsy. The UE-PSA expression was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Antioxidant peptides from edible aquatic animals: Preparation method, mechanism of action, and structure-activity relationships.

Peptides with strong antioxidant activity have been increasingly extracted from various edible aquatic animals, as natural substitutes for synthetic antioxidants. In this paper, a systematic review of the research progress on the enzymatic hydrolysis strategy and structure-activity relationship of antioxidant peptides from edible aquatic animals, especially marine animals, over the last decade was presented. The selection of enzymes varied markedly among organs and tissues.

Glycolytic potential enhanced by blockade of pyruvate influx into mitochondria sensitizes prostate cancer to detection and radiotherapy.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) blockade on the sensitivity of detection and radiotherapy of prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: We investigated glycolysis reprogramming and MPC changes in patients with PCa by using metabolic profiling, RNA-Seq, and tissue microarrays. Transient blockade of pyruvate influx into mitochondria was observed in cellular studies to detect its different effects on prostate carcinoma cells and benign prostate cells.

Upregulation of SQLE Contributes to Poor Survival in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Recently, increasing attention has been paid to the role of Squalene epoxidase (SQLE) in several types of cancers. However, its functional role in tumor progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is still unclear. We performed bioinformatic analyses and relative experiments to assess the potential mechanism of SQLE-mediated HNSCC malignancy.

Comparative Efficacy of Local and General Anesthesia for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

Background: This meta-analysis aimed to compare the potential effects of local anesthesia (LA) and general anesthesia (GA) for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).

Measurements: All relevant studies were searched from Pubmed, EMbase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library (January 1, 2016, to June 1, 2021). The main outcomes of this literature meta-analysis were 30-day mortality, procedural time, new pacemaker implantation, total stay in the hospital, use of the vasoactive drug, and intra-and postoperative complications and emergencies, including conversion to open, myocardial infarction, pulmonary complication, vascular complication, renal injury/failure, stroke, transesophageal echocardiography, life-threatening/major bleeding, cardiac tamponade, and emergency PCI.

Acute carbon monoxide poisoning in Shandong, China: an observational study.

Background: Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning remains a major cause of accidental injuries and multiple studies have indicated that CO is also associated with significantly severe or long-term toxicity to the central nervous system. Given that CO poisoning causes serious morbidity and mortality, a better understanding of epidemiological features and clinical characteristics of acute CO poisoning in China is crucial.

Methods: We collected the clinical data of acute CO poisoning in patients between November 2019 and April 2020 across Shandong province, China and analyzed its characteristics focusing on the weekly amount and the severity of the confirmed cases.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy mobilized circulating stem cells and improved delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning with up-regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor.

Background Delayed encephalopathy (DE) is the most severe complication after acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning, which seriously affects the outcome of patients and leads to a high disability rate. Prior studies have shown that hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy is therapeutic for DE due to reducing immune-mediated neuropathology and thus improving cognitive performance. Methods In our present perspective study, five DE patients were treated regularly with HBO therapy.

Involvement of spinal cannabinoid receptor type 2 in the analgesia effect of hyperbaric oxygen treatment on paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain.

Background: Chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CINP) is intractable, and spinal cannabinoid receptors (CBRs) are potential therapeutic targets for CINP. Previous studies demonstrated that hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) may contribute in alleviating specific peripheral neuropathic pain. However, neither CINP nor CBR have been clarified.

Femoral nerve block versus obturator nerve block for pain management after total knee replacement: A randomized controlled trial protocol.

Background: Several studies reported short-term analgesic efficacy of obturator nerve block (ONB), as in comparison with the femoral nerve block (FNB) in the treatment of postoperative pain after the total knee replacement (TKR). The optimal method remains under debate. The purpose of our current work is to compare the safety and efficacy of FNB and ONB for postoperative analgesia after TKR.

Interpretations and comments for expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of heat stroke in China.

Heat stroke is the most severe type of heat illness, it is often accompanied by severe multiorgan damage and has a high fatality rate. In January 2020, based on new research evidence and the experiences of Chinese experts in heat stroke, the Expert Group of Heat Stroke Prevention and Treatment of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) and the Professional Committee of Critical Care Medicine of the Chinese PLA jointly issued a new Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Heat Stroke in China. This article aims to interpret and supplement the major updates to the new consensus.

Branch-like gas in a commercial diver's liver: a case report.

We report the case of a 42-year-old commercial diver who presented with palpitations, arthralgia, tachypnea and vomiting after three hours of repetitive dives to 25-30 meters below sea level (msw). He was diagnosed with severe decompression sickness (Type II DCS) based on his dive history, his abrupt ascent to the surface within minutes, and systemic symptoms with mild hypovolemic shock. Besides remarkable cutis marmorata on the torso, the patient was also found positive for diffuse branch-like pneumatosis in the liver, mesentery and intestines on an abdominal computed tomography (CT).

The effect of π-Conjugation on the self-assembly of micelles and controlled cargo release.

Here we presented a novel micelle self-assembled from amphiphiles with π-conjugated moieties (OEG-DPH). The π-conjugated structural integrity of the micelles enabled stable encapsulation of Nile Red (NR, model drug). The self-assembly behaviour of the amphiphiles and the release profile of NR loaded micelles were investigated.

Novel polymeric micelles as enzyme-sensitive nuclear-targeted dual-functional drug delivery vehicles for enhanced 9-nitro-20(S)-camptothecin delivery and antitumor efficacy.

9-Nitro-20(S)-camptothecin (9-NC) is a broad-spectrum antitumor drug used in tumor treatments, but its clinical applications and antitumor efficacy are limited by its structural instability, poor solubility, and extremely low drug utilization in tumor tissues. In this study, enzyme-sensitive nuclear-targeted dual-functional polymeric micelles were developed for 9-NC delivery with a high drug loading content (12.93 ± 0.