Frequency and Predictors of Early Seizures Following First Acute Stroke: Data from a University Hospital in South India.

Background: Stroke is a common neurological condition, and post-stroke seizures are known to occur. Early seizures may suggest the severity of insult and may have an effect on the outcome. There are conflicting results on the frequency of early seizures, and studies from India are scarce.

Impact of revascularization therapies on outcome of posterior circulation ischemic stroke: The Indo-US stroke project.

Introduction: Posterior circulation strokes (PCS) have been less extensively studied than anterior circulation strokes (ACS), especially regarding revascularization therapies. We analyzed the differences in baseline stroke characteristics, revascularization therapy and 3-month outcomes between PCS and ACS in a large prospective multicentre Indian stroke registry.

Methods: Patients with acute ischemic stroke recruited in the Indo-US collaborative stroke project from January 2012 to August 2014 were classified into PCS and ACS based on imaging-confirmed infarct location.

Semantic memory impairment in dementia: A cross-cultural adaptation study.

Background: Semantic memory deficits are frequently encountered in dementia and distinct patterns of semantic impairment characterize the subtypes of dementia. Life course and cultural experiences significantly influence semantic memory. Hence, there is a need to assess semantic memory using culturally appropriate tests, to aid accurate diagnosis of dementia and facilitate cross-cultural collaborative research.

Clinical Study of 668 Indian Subjects with Juvenile, Young, and Early Onset Parkinson's Disease.

Objective: To determine the demographic pattern of juvenile-onset parkinsonism (JP, <20 years), young-onset (YOPD, 20-40 years), and early onset (EOPD, 40-50 years) Parkinson's disease (PD) in India.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a 2-year, pan-India, multicenter collaborative study to analyze clinical patterns of JP, YOPD, and EOPD. All patients under follow-up of movement disorders specialists and meeting United Kingdom (UK) Brain Bank criteria for PD were included.

Synergetic Interaction of HLA-DRB1*07 Allele and TNF-Alpha - 863 C/A Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in the Susceptibility to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease which is characterized by dysregulation of various cytokines propagating the inflammatory processes that is responsible for tissue damage. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is one of the most important immunoregulatory cytokines that has been implicated in the different autoimmune diseases including SLE. Two hundred and two patients with SLE and 318 controls were included in the study.

A review of COVID-19 convalescent plasma use in COVID-19 with focus on proof of efficacy.

Convalescent plasma (CP) therapy is rapidly becoming an established consideration in the treatment of COVID-19 patients though there is a need to critically review this area for proof of efficacy. Neutralizing antibodies (NAb) present in CP generated in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection directed against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein are considered to play main role in viral clearance. CP infusion may also help in the modulation of immune response by its immunomodulatory effect.

Impact of Pharmacogenetic Determinants of Tacrolimus and Mycophenolate on Adverse Events in Renal Transplant Patients.

Background: Graft acceptance against immunity is one of the major challenges in solid organ transplant. Immunosuppressive medications have effectively improved the post-transplantation outcome however, it has its own limitations. Genetic polymorphisms in drug-metabolizing enzymes have been identified as the potential targets in developing a pharmacogenetic strategy, to individualize drug dose and also in preventing the adverse events.

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia as the pulmonary manifestation of lupus: A review of three cases.

Objective: Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) is a clinico-patho-radiological diagnosis which rarely presents as a pulmonary manifestation of lupus. In this concise report, organizing pneumonia was found as the sole pulmonary manifestation of SLE in different age groups.

Method: All three patients diagnosed with SLE according to SLICC 2012 classification criteria, were admitted in rheumatology ward of NIMS hospital, Hyderabad, India from May to November, 2018.

Direct Detection and Discrimination of Carbapenemases of from Uncultured Tracheal Aspirates.

Carbapenemases play important roles in conferring resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, including the carbapenems. Detection of carbapenemase activity helps to understand the possible mechanism(s) of carbapenem resistance. Identification of carbapenemases is currently being done by various phenotypic methods and molecular methods.

Dual Effect of IL-6 -174 G/C Polymorphism and Promoter Methylation in the Risk of Coronary Artery Disease Among South Indians.

Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and coronary syndromes; moreover, various lines of evidence suggest that genetic factors do contribute to the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). The proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 is a central mediator of inflammation associated with CAD. The present study is aimed to investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter region of the IL-6 gene (-174 G > C) and methylation with the susceptibility of CAD.

Impact of eNOS 27-bp VNTR (4b/a) gene polymorphism with the risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in south Indian subjects.

Objective: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is constitutively expressed by vascular endothelium including glomerular endothelium. Functional polymorphisms, -786T>C (rs2070744) promoter variant, 27 bp VNTR (4b/a) in intron 4 and 894G>T (rs1799983) exon variant of eNOS are known to alter the eNOS expression and activity leading to altered NO levels and contribute to the development of vascular and renal disease risk. Thus it might have a role in SLE risk and development of glomerulonephritis.

The influence of functional polymorphic positions of HLA-DRβ1 molecules on risk for South Indian systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

The aim of this case-control study was to investigate the association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) Class II alleles with the susceptibility and phenotypic heterogeneity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in South Indian patients. A total of 439 individuals (212 SLE cases and 227 age- and ethnicity-matched controls) were included in the study. The genotyping of HLA-DRβ1 and - DQβ1 was conducted by the PCR-SSP method.

Association of IL -6 -174 G>C polymorphism with the risk of SLE among south Indians: evidence from case-control study and meta-analysis.

Cytokines play a direct role in disease pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Elevated levels of serum IL-6 are well documented with the disease activity and anti-dsDNA antibodies in SLE. The 5' promoter region of the IL-6 gene has been shown to play a significant role in the regulation of gene expression.

c.*84G>A Mutation in CETP Is Associated with Coronary Artery Disease in South Indians.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. It is a multi-factorial disease and several studies have demonstrated that the genetic factors play a major role in CAD. Although variations in cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene are reported to be associated with CAD, this gene has not been studied in South Indian populations.

A randomized, double blind placebo controlled study of efficacy and tolerability of Withaina somnifera extracts in knee joint pain.

Background: Root extracts of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) are known to possess analgesic, anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects. An aqueous extract of roots plus leaves of this plant has shown to yield higher percentages of withanolide glycosides and, accordingly, may possess better analgesic, anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects than root alone extracts.

Objectives: To evaluate efficacy and tolerability of a standardized aqueous extract of roots plus leaves of W.

Factors influencing nonadministration of thrombolytic therapy in early arrival strokes in a university hospital in Hyderabad, India.

Background: It is a well-known fact that very few patients of stroke arrive at the hospital within the window period of thrombolysis. Even among those who do, not all receive thrombolytic therapy.

Objective: The objectives of this study were to determine the proportion of early arrival ischemic strokes (within 6 h of stroke onset) in our hospital and to evaluate the causes of nonadministration of intravenous and/or intraarterial thrombolysis in them.

Intrasinus thrombolysis in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: Experience from a university hospital, India.

Background: Intrasinus thrombolysis (IST) is believed to improve outcome in patients of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) unresponsive to heparin.

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to describe our experience with IST in patients of CVST unresponsive to heparin.

Materials And Methods: Hospital databases were searched, and patients with CVST who underwent IST from May 2011 to March 2014 were identified.

Assessment of Oxidative Stress Markers and Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in Elderly Patients Without and with Coronary Artery Disease.

We aimed to assess whether measuring carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and oxidative stress markers such as protein carbonyls, malondialdehyde, nitrate and glutathione in plasma of elderly patients without and with coronary artery disease (CAD) identifies early risk for CAD. A total of 50 cases with cardiovascular risk factors over the age of 60 years without CAD, and 50 patients with angiographically documented CAD over the age of 60 years were included in the study. Control group consists of 200 healthy individuals without the risk factors.

Microsomal membrane proteome of low grade diffuse astrocytomas: Differentially expressed proteins and candidate surveillance biomarkers.

Diffuse astrocytoma (DA; WHO grade II) is a low-grade, primary brain neoplasm with high potential of recurrence as higher grade malignant form. We have analyzed differentially expressed membrane proteins from these tumors, using high-resolution mass spectrometry. A total of 2803 proteins were identified, 340 of them differentially expressed with minimum of 2 fold change and based on ≥2 unique peptides.

Prostate Cancer Associated Lipid Signatures in Serum Studied by ESI-Tandem Mass Spectrometryas Potential New Biomarkers.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one amongst the most common cancersin western men. Incidence rate ofPCa is on the rise worldwide. The present study deals with theserum lipidome profiling of patients diagnosed with PCa to identify potential new biomarkers.

Association of The Common CYP1A1*2C Variant (Ile462Val Polymorphism) with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) in Patients Undergoing Imatinib Therapy.

Objective: Cytochrome P450 is one of the major drug metabolizing enzyme families and its role in metabolism of cancer drugs cannot be less emphasized. The association be- tween single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CYP1A1 and pathogenesis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has been investigated in several studies, but the results observed vary based on varied risk factors. The objective of this study was to investigate the risk factors associated with the CYP1A1*2C [rs1048943: A>G] polymorphism in CML patients and its role in therapeutic response to imatinib mesylate (IM) affecting clinico-pathological parameters, in the Indian population.