The Management of Osteoporosis in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has shown a growing association with osteoporosis, comprising part of the broader CKD-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD). CKD-MBD is marked by alterations in calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and vitamin D metabolism, significantly elevating fracture risk. While traditional osteoporosis treatments such as bisphosphonates, denosumab, and teriparatide have been adapted for CKD patients, recent innovations have introduced agents aimed at enhancing bone mass and reducing fracture incidence.

A Comprehensive Case Report on Familial Multiple Lipomatosis.

Familial multiple lipomatosis (FML) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the progressive development of encapsulated nodules predominantly on the trunk and extremities. Its genetic basis is linked to HMGA-2 gene over-expression. The condition is diagnosed via clinical history, ultrasound findings, and histological studies, and management mainly comprises surgical excision.

Developing Engineered Nano-Immunopotentiators for the Stimulation of Dendritic Cells and Inhibition and Prevention of Melanoma.

Objective: This study aims to utilize PEGylated poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles as a delivery system for simultaneous administration of the BRAF peptide, a tumor-specific antigen, and imiquimod (IMQ). The objective is to stimulate dendritic cell (DC) maturation, activate macrophages, and facilitate antigen presentation in C57BL6 mice.

Methods: PEG-PLGA-IMQ-BRAF nanoparticles were synthesized using a PLGA-PEG-PLGA tri-block copolymer, BRAF, and IMQ.

Revolutionizing Wound Healing: Exploring Scarless Solutions through Drug Delivery Innovations.

Human skin is the largest organ and outermost surface of the human body, and due to the continuous exposure to various challenges, it is prone to develop injuries, customarily known as wounds. Although various tissue engineering strategies and bioactive wound matrices have been employed to speed up wound healing, scarring remains a significant challenge. The wound environment is harsh due to the presence of degradative enzymes and elevated pH levels, and the physiological processes involved in tissue regeneration operate on distinct time scales.

Aggressive Malignant Paraganglioma Involving the Pancreas and Vertebral Column.

Paraganglioma (PGL) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor arising from chromaffin cells outside the adrenal medulla. The most common sites are the abdomen and head and neck. Seventy percent (70%) of PGLs are sporadic, and 30% are hereditary; the latter are more often aggressive and malignant and occur in young adults.

Transesophageal Echocardiogram Before Cardioversion in Atrial Fibrillation Patients.

Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) offers an invaluable, non-invasive avenue for diagnosing and managing various cardiac conditions, including atrial fibrillation (AF). As the most common cardiac arrhythmia, AF affects millions and can lead to severe complications. Cardioversion, a procedure to restore the heart's normal rhythm, is frequently conducted on AF patients resistant to medication.

Comparison of efficiency between Rosuvastatin and Atorvastatin in reducing low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) in patients with diabetes mellitus.

The study was designed to compare Rosuvastatin with Atorvastatin in terms of their efficacy to reduce low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. For this purpose, a cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the OPD of Nishtar Medical Hospital, Multan, for six months. The study enrolled 66 patients who were consecutively allocated for double-blind therapy with 10mg Atorvastatin (n = 33) and 10mg Rosuvastatin (n = 33) for one month.

Administration of sinopharm Covid-19 vaccine in cancer patients.

For prevention against SARS-CoV-2, various vaccines have been approved globally including Pfizer, Sinopharam, Moderna, Johnson & Johnson etc which have proved quite effective. To evaluate the immunization and safety of Sinopharm vaccine in cancer patients. A prospective study was conducted in the Oncology Department of Nishtar Medical Hospital, Multan from March 2021- September 2021.

Correlation between oxygen saturation of patient and severity index of Covid 19 pneumonia on CT.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between capillary blood oxygen saturation and computerised tomography severity index in patients with coronavirus disease-2019 pneumonia.

Methods: The cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at the coronavirus disease-2019 ward of Nishtar Medical University and Hospital, Multan, Pakistan, June 1, 2020, to June 1, 2021. At the time of admission, capillary oxygen saturation of all patients was measured.

Rare finding of duodenal lymphangioma in a patient with Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis: A case report.

Rationale: Lymphangiomas are lymphatic malformations most commonly found in the head, neck and axilla. Their incidence in gastrointestinal tract, especially duodenum is very rare. They are mostly congenital and are usually seen in children.

Linezolid induced psychosis and hallucination: Case report and literature review.

Introduction: Various classes of antibiotics have been linked to causing a wide range of neuropsychiatric symptoms. These manifestations range from psychosis and delirium to encephalitis and intracranial hypertension. The prevalence of psychosis adverse drug reactions (ADRs) for individual antibiotics ranges from 0.

Vitamin D deficiency in dengue fever patients' coinfected with in Pakistan. A case-control study.

Introduction: Dengue fever is a vector-borne disease with an estimate of 390 million persons getting the infection each year with a significant public health impact. It has been reported DENV patients with vitamin D deficiency led to severe form of dengue infection; while coinfection alters vitamin D receptors leading to vitamin D deficiency. We hypothesize that DENV patient's having low vitamin D along with coinfection could have worsen dengue severity as well as vitamin D deficiency.