Venous compression causes chronic cerebral ischaemia in normal pressure hydrocephalus patients.

Background: Cerebral autoregulation is a robust regulatory mechanism that stabilizes cerebral blood flow in response to reduced blood pressure, thereby preventing cerebral ischaemia. Scientists have long believed that cerebral autoregulation also stabilizes cerebral blood flow against increases in intracranial pressure, which is another component that determines cerebral perfusion pressure. However, this idea was inconsistent with the complex pathogenesis of normal pressure hydrocephalus, which includes components of chronic cerebral ischaemia due to mild increases in intracranial pressure.

Rehabilitation Services Improve Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Capability in Patients After Discharge From Convalescent Rehabilitation Wards.

Background/objectives: There is a notable lack of evidence regarding the long-term effects of rehabilitation services, particularly concerning functional recovery and daily living activities of patients following discharge from convalescent rehabilitation wards. This study aimed to clarify the longitudinal changes in activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living of patients after discharge from a convalescent rehabilitation ward and the association between the use of rehabilitation services and clinical outcomes.

Methods:  Patients discharged from Japanese convalescent rehabilitation wards in August 2021 were included.

Constraint-induced Aphasia Therapy Improves the Use of Spoken Language and Word-finding Ability in Chronic Subcortical Aphasia: A Case Report.

Background: Constraint-induced aphasia therapy (CIAT) has been reported as a short-term, intensive language training program for improving language function in patients with chronic aphasia. We report the recovery of language function in a patient with chronic aphasia who was evaluated in the baseline assessment as having reached a plateau.

Case: The patient with subcortical aphasia was a 62-year-old, right-handed man.

Weight and Abdominal Pressure-Induced Shunt Trouble in Patients With Shunted Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: A Comprehensive Study on Pressure Environment of Shunt System.

Objectives: We identified a new type of shunt malfunction (SM) in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). It is induced by weight change and can be treated with valve readjustment. There were two types of SM as follows: Underdrainage induced by the weight gain and overdrainage induced by the weight loss.

Relationship between the independence level of individual motor-related functional independence measure items and its total score in patients after hip fracture: an ordinal logistic modelling study.

[Purpose] The independence level of activities of daily living during the recovery period should be predicted to plan a rehabilitation program. This study aimed to assess the relationship between the independence levels of individual motor-related Functional Independence Measure (FIM-motor) items and total FIM-motor score in patients after hip fracture. [Participants and Methods] This study retrospectively analyzed 40 patients who had stayed in a convalescent rehabilitation hospital after hip fracture.

Guidelines for Management of Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (Third Edition): Endorsed by the Japanese Society of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.

Among the various disorders that manifest with gait disturbance, cognitive impairment, and urinary incontinence in the elderly population, idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is becoming of great importance. The first edition of these guidelines for management of iNPH was published in 2004, and the second edition in 2012, to provide a series of timely, evidence-based recommendations related to iNPH. Since the last edition, clinical awareness of iNPH has risen dramatically, and clinical and basic research efforts on iNPH have increased significantly.

Botulinum Toxin Type A Treatment Combined with Intensive Rehabilitation for Gait Poststroke: A Preliminary Study.

Goal: To examine the effects of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) treatment combined with intensive rehabilitation for gait compared with intensive rehabilitation alone in patients with chronic stroke.

Materials And Methods: A comparative case series design was used. Subjects were 19 patients with chronic stroke and spastic hemiplegia.

Predicting the chance of weaning dysphagic stroke patients from enteral nutrition: a multivariate logistic modelling study.

Aim: The aim of this article was to develop a simple predictive model of dysphagia outcome for stroke patients. The study enrolled patients recovering from first-ever stroke (supratentorial lesions) staying in a long-term rehabilitation hospital. On admission, all patients were being fed via nasogastric or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube.

Relationships between independence level of single motor-FIM items and FIM-motor scores in patients with hemiplegia after stroke: an ordinal logistic modelling study.

Objective: To assess the relationships between independence levels of single motor-related Functional Independence Measure (FIM) items and summed FIM-motor scores of patients with hemiplegia after stroke.

Design: For each patient FIM scores were assessed 4 times during hospitalization. Ordinal logistic analyses were performed on group data.

A new method for predicting functional recovery of stroke patients with hemiplegia: logarithmic modelling.

Objective: To examine the validity and applicability of logarithmic modelling for predicting functional recovery of stroke patients with hemiplegia.

Design: Longitudinal postal survey.

Subjects: Stroke patients with hemiplegia staying in a long-term rehabilitation facility, who had been referred from acute medical service 30-60 days after onset.