Validating knowledge-based volumetric modulated arc therapy plans with a multi-institution model (broad model) using a complete open-loop dataset for prostate cancer.

This study examined the characteristics of the broad model (KBP) through a complete open-loop evaluation of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans for prostate cancer in 30 patients at two institutions. KBP, trained using 561 prostate cancer VMAT plans from five institutions with different treatment protocols, was shared with two institutions. The institutions were not involved in the creation of KBP.

Effect of house dust mite sublingual immunotherapy in patients with adult atopic dermatitis with rhinitis.

Whether house dust mite (HDM) sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is effective for the skin symptoms of adult atopic dermatitis (AD) is unclear. HDM SLIT was added to conventional AD treatment for 10 HDM-sensitized AD patients with rhinitis for 2 years. Seven out of ten enrolled patients completed the study.

Postoperative Air in the Cisterns or Ventricles Predicts Early Leptomeningeal Disease of Brain Metastases: A Retrospective Study.

Objective: We investigated whether air in the cisterns or ventricles on postoperative computed tomography (CT) (reflecting the opening of the cerebrospinal fluid spaces during surgery) is a predictor of classical or nodular leptomeningeal disease (LMD) after resection of brain metastases.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 73 patients who underwent gross total resection of brain metastases between 2012 and 2020. Patients with air in the cisterns or ventricles on postoperative day 1 CT were categorized into the air-positive group, whereas those without air in the cisterns or ventricles on postoperative day 1 CT were categorized into the air-negative group.

From Coronavirus Disease 2019 to Herpes Simplex Virus Hepatitis: A Case Report of Complications Linked to Immunosuppressive Therapy.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been linked to severe pneumonia and systemic deterioration in humans. When antiviral drugs and antibodies are not available, it is preferable to choose early treatment methods to suppress cytokine storms. While an interleukin-6 receptor antagonist has proven effective in controlling cytokine storms in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia, it can also increase susceptibility to secondary infections, such as herpes simplex virus (HSV).

Comparison of survival between lobectomy and trisegmentectomy for clinical stage T1c-2aN0M0 non-small cell lung cancer in the left upper segment of the lung.

Left upper trisegmentectomy is expected to be as curative as lobectomy for lung cancer because the left upper lobe is anatomically the same as the combined upper and middle lobes of the right lung and the procedure can provide a sufficient surgical margin. In the present multicenter study, we compared the results of trisegmentectomy and lobectomy in patients with clinical stage T1c-2aN0M0 left upper lung cancer. We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of patients with clinical stage T1c-2aN0M0 lung cancer in the left upper segment who underwent lobectomy or trisegmentectomy between January 2006 and June 2022.

Early detection of pancreatic cancer by comprehensive serum miRNA sequencing with automated machine learning.

Background: Pancreatic cancer is often diagnosed at advanced stages, and early-stage diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is difficult because of nonspecific symptoms and lack of available biomarkers.

Methods: We performed comprehensive serum miRNA sequencing of 212 pancreatic cancer patient samples from 14 hospitals and 213 non-cancerous healthy control samples. We randomly classified the pancreatic cancer and control samples into two cohorts: a training cohort (N = 185) and a validation cohort (N = 240).

Resurgence of Kawasaki Disease Following Relaxation of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Restrictions in Japan.

Objective: To compare the number and incidence of Kawasaki disease (KD) patients in years 2 through 4 of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and determine the impact of 3 years of implementation of infection control measures and their subsequent relaxation on the epidemiology of KD in Japan.

Study Design: We conducted a population-based, cohort study including consecutive KD patients in Kobe City between 2021 and 2023. We compared the incidence of KD cases, in relation to timing of infection control measures, as well as infectious disease cases based on a regional surveillance system.

Midterm Outcome of Branch Vessel Stenting for Superior Mesenteric Artery Malperfusion Complicating with Acute Aortic Dissection.

Purpose: To investigate the midterm stent patency and patient prognosis after stenting for superior mesenteric artery malperfusion complicating with acute aortic dissection.

Material And Methods: Thirteen patients who underwent branch vessel stenting for superior mesenteric artery malperfusion between 2011 and 2021 in six institutions were retrospectively reviewed. By comparing pre- and postoperative computed tomography scans in the same plane, the length of the stent implanted in the superior mesenteric artery and the stent-to-vessel diameter ratio were measured.

Comparison of canagliflozin and teneligliptin on energy intake and body weight in Japanese patients with Type 2 diabetes: a subanalysis of the CANTABILE study.

Background: While the Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) are widely used for the glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus, the differences in the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors and DPP4 inhibitors on energy intake and diabetes-related indicators are unclear.

Methods: This was a subanalysis of the CANTABILE study which compared the effects of canagliflozin and teneligliptin on metabolic factors in Japanese patients with Type 2 diabetes. The changes at 24 weeks from the baseline of the diabetes-related indicators including Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), energy intake and body weight were compared between the canagliflozin and teneligliptin groups.

Usefulness of color Doppler and strain elastography adjunctive to B-mode ultrasonography in the diagnosis of non-mass abnormalities of the breast: results of the BC-07 multicenter study of 385 cases.

Purpose: The concept of non-mass abnormalities of the breast has been employed in Japan for approximately 20 years. Although B-mode findings are classified as non-mass abnormalities, the usefulness of adding color Doppler ultrasonography (US) and strain elastography to B-mode US is unclear. Therefore, we conducted a multicenter study (JABTS BC-07) to establish the diagnostic criteria for breast US, including color Doppler and elastography, for non-mass abnormalities of the breast and verify their diagnostic usefulness.

The efficacy of simple oral nutritional supplements versus usual care in postoperative patients with gastric cancer: study protocol for a multicenter, open-label, parallel, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Body weight loss (BWL) after gastrectomy impact on the short- and long-term outcomes. Oral nutritional supplement (ONS) has potential to prevent BWL in patients after gastrectomy. However, there is no consistent evidence supporting the beneficial effects of ONS on BWL, muscle strength and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Monocytes predict prognosis and successful treatment in older patients with miliary tuberculosis.

Background: The increasing number of patients with miliary tuberculosis (MTB) is a concern in an aging society because of its high mortality rate. Several prognostic biomarkers for MTB have been identified; however, the predictive ability of monocytes as biomarkers remains unknown. This study demonstrates the usefulness of monocytes as prognostic biomarkers for MTB.

Urinary bladder metastasis from breast cancer: A rare case report.

Breast cancer is a major contributor to cancer-related morbidity and mortality in women, which is primarily attributed to metastases. Common metastatic sites include the lungs, liver, and bone, whereas bladder metastasis is rare. We report a case of bladder metastasis from breast cancer in a 61-year-old woman, highlighting the challenges in diagnosis and treatment.