Machine Learning Predicts the Need for Surgical Intervention in Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction.

Objectives: To explore the predictive performance on the need for surgical intervention in patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO) using machine-learning (ML) algorithms and investigate the optimal timing for transition to surgery.

Methods: One hundred and six patients with ASBO who initially underwent long transnasal intestinal tube (LT) decompression were enrolled in this retrospective study. Traditional logistic regression analysis and ML algorithms were used to evaluate the risk of need for surgical intervention.

Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy for interstitial lung disease: early experience, learning curve, and the impact of sedation on complication rates at a single centre in Japan.

Background: Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) has emerged as a promising diagnostic tool for interstitial lung disease (ILD). This study aimed to assess the initial experience, procedural learning curve, and influence of sedative medications on complication rates, particularly bleeding and pneumothorax, in the implementation of a TBLC program for ILD diagnosis.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we analysed 119 patients who underwent TBLC at Nippon Medical School Hospital from April 2021 to March 2024.

Long-Term Vonoprazan and Acotiamide-Refractory Patients With Functional Dyspepsia Partly Exhibit Pancreatic Enzyme Abnormalities.

Background: Although a new potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB) vonoprazan has been developed in Japan, no data are available regarding long-term vonoprazan or vonoprazan and acotiamide combination treatment in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD).

Methodology: A total of 73 consecutive patients with FD diagnosed according to the Rome III classification were enrolled. Forty-two patients with FD were treated with vonoprazan monotherapy and thirty-one patients with FD were treated with vonoprazan and acotiamide combination therapy for 24 weeks.

Clinical characteristics in adolescents and young adults with polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia in Japan.

We report the first large-scale retrospective cohort study on adolescent and young adult (AYA) polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) in Japan, a subgroup analysis using Japanese multicenter registry data (JSH-MPN-R18). This study included patients with PV (n = 31) or ET (n = 141) aged 20 to 39 years at the initial visit. Hemorrhage-free survival (HFS) was better in AYA ET than in non-AYA ET (5-year HFS: 100% vs.

Safety and Tolerability of Nintedanib in Patients with Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Diseases: Post-marketing Data.

Introduction: Nintedanib is approved for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), other forms of progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF), and systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD). We present global post-marketing safety data for nintedanib in these fibrosing ILDs.

Methods: Data on adverse events in patients with fibrosing ILDs who were treated with nintedanib were collected via spontaneous reporting and solicited reporting in various studies (excluding clinical trials).

[Recurrent Esophageal Cancer Showing Good Response to Nivolumab in a Super-Elderly Patient-A Case Report].

A 91-year-old man with thoracic esophageal cancer(pT3N1M0, pStage Ⅲ)and gastric cancer(pT1b2N0M0, pStage ⅠA)underwent esophagectomy. Three years and 4 months postoperatively, chest computed tomography revealed a mass shadow near the aortic arch. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a submucosal tumor-like lesion on the left wall of the gastric tube, which was identified as recurrent esophageal cancer.

Initial Findings Concerning the Latest Self-Expandable Evolut FX Valve: A Report Using OCEAN-TAVI Registry Data.

Data concerning the clinical effect of the latest-generation self-expandable transcatheter heart valve (Evolut FX) remain limited. We aimed to assess the in-hospital outcomes of 3 bioprosthetic valves (Evolut EPO, PRO+, and FX). We analyzed data from a Japanese multicenter registry involving 634 consecutive patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement with Evolut FX up until October 2023.

The effect of subjective postural vertical on forward flexed posture in Parkinson's disease.

Background: We developed a novel method to measure the angle of subjective postural vertical (SPV) and showed that the SPV may be related to the exacerbation of the forward flexed posture.

Objectives: The present study prospectively tested the effects of the subjective postural vertical on the exacerbation of the forward flexion of trunk (FFT) through long-term observation of Parkinson's disease patients.

Methods: Evaluation of the posture included measuring FFT, the angle of lateral flexion of trunk, and the angle at the position that the patient subjectively perceived as the vertical position at a stationary upright position immediately after standing up at the time of initial observation, 6 months later, and 1 year later.

Quizartinib with donor lymphocyte infusion for post-transplant relapse of FLT3-ITD-positive acute myeloid leukemia.

FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD)-positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a poor prognosis, particularly with DNMT3A and NPM1 mutations. Quizartinib, a FLT3 inhibitor showing clinical benefit in FLT3-ITD-positive AML, has unclear safety and efficacy when combined with donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI). We report a case of FLT3-ITD-positive AML with DNMT3A and NPM1 mutations that relapsed after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) and was treated with quizartinib and DLI.

Effectiveness of CI as an alternative to ABI for hearing loss in patients with vestibular schwannomas: A multicenter study in Japan.

Objective: NF2-related schwannomatosis (NF2) is characterized by bilateral vestibular schwannomas (VS), often causing severe damage to the bilateral auditory function. Auditory brainstem implantation (ABI) provides hearing-impaired patients with an opportunity to reacquire auditory sensation through electrical stimulation of auditory neurons in the cochlear nucleus. However, ABI is not covered by public health insurance in Japan, leading to a large difference in financial burden compared to cochlear implantation (CI).

Immunological role of zinc in preterm neonates.

Zinc (Zn), an essential trace element, plays a significant role in fetal development and biological defense during the embryonic and neonatal periods. Therefore, exploring the kinetics of Zn related to immune disturbances in preterm neonates is important. We here performed the measurement of Zn concentration along with immunological analysis of neonates and investigated the role of Zn in the neonatal period.

Supplementary motor area is deactivated during mental rotation tasks with biomechanical constraints in fMRI.

Introduction: Mental rotation (MR) tasks of body parts involve anatomically interconnected brain systems. The systems are implicated in sensorimotor information integration and activate cortical motor-related areas, corresponding to the execution of similar motor tasks. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of varying the angle in the hand MR task on cerebral activation of the motor-related areas.

Oral Intake of Hydrogen Water Improves Retinal Blood Flow Dysregulation in Response to Flicker Stimulation and Systemic Hyperoxia in Diabetic Mice.

Purpose: To examine the effects of hydrogen water on retinal blood flow (RBF) dysregulation in diabetes, we evaluated changes in RBF in response to flicker stimulation and systemic hyperoxia in diabetic mice.

Methods: Twelve type 2 diabetic mice were divided into a group that received non-hydrogen water (n = 6, control group) and the other that received hydrogen-rich water (0.6-0.

Mortality from Aortic Disease in Relation with Sleep Duration at Night and Daytime Napping: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.

Aims: Few studies have investigated the impact of sleep duration at night and daytime napping on mortality from aortic disease. In this study, we examined the associations of sleep duration at night with daytime napping and mortality from aortic disease.

Methods: We followed 67,269 participants (26,826 men and 40,443 women, aged 40-79 years) who were not night shift workers and had no history of stroke, heart disease, or cancer.

Clinical characteristics of patients with eosinophilic esophagitis and eosinophilic esophageal myositis based on esophageal motility.

Background: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) presents with various esophageal motility disorders, and some cases of hypercontractile esophagus (HE) are associated with eosinophilic esophageal myositis (EoEM). This study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics of patients with EoE and EoEM according to their esophageal motility.

Methods: The 28 patients with EoE and 2 patients with EoEM were divided into three groups based on esophageal motility: normal motility group, hypomotility group, and spastic contraction group.