Comprehensive analysis and comparison of proteins in salivary exosomes of climacteric and adolescent females.

Currently, it is difficult to extract exosomes with stable physicochemical properties from saliva. Furthermore, due to inadequate availability of basic data, the application of salivary exosomes as a diagnostic material is limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate an easier method for extraction of exosomes from whole saliva and compared proteins in salivary exosomes derived from subjects of two age groups.

Suppressive effect of the swallowing reflex by stimulation of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus.

This study investigates whether the swallowing reflex is modulated by stimulation of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PTg). Sprague-Dawley rats under urethane anesthesia were used. The swallowing reflex was induced by electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve and was identified by the electromyographic activities from the mylohyoid muscle.

Gallium-67 SPECT-CT for the evaluation of head and neck: preliminary study on maximum standardised uptake value in lesions, and in the parotid and submandibular glands.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the gallium-67 (Ga) single-photon emission-computed tomography (SPECT-CT) for the evaluation of head and neck, especially maximum standardised uptake value (SUV) in lesions, and in the parotid and submandibular glands.

Material And Methods: Fourteen patients with head and neck lesions who underwent SPECT-CT at 72 hours after injection of Ga were included in this study. The Ga SPECT-CT parameters SUV were compared between the parotid glands and submandibular glands.

Fabrication method to maintain mouthguard thickness regardless of the model angle.

Background/aim: The safety and effectiveness of mouthguards depend on the sheet material and thickness. The aim of this study was to investigate the fabrication method for a mouthguard with appropriate thickness using a single sheet regardless of the model angle.

Materials And Methods: Mouthguards were thermoformed using 4.

Investigating the effect of antiseptic solution on the release of interleukin-6 and transforming growth factor beta 1 from human gingival fibroblasts using wound healing assays.

This in vitro study evaluated the effect of different antiseptics and different concentrations thereof in a model of wound healing using human gingival fibroblasts. The fibroblasts were rinsed with four different antiseptic solutions: sodium hypochlorite (HYP), hydrogen peroxide (HO), chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), and benzalkonium chloride (BC). The effect on the release of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) was investigated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs).

Bactericidal effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on dentin plate infected with Lactobacillus acidophilus.

This study aimed to examine bactericidal effects of a new antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on dentin plates infected with Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus). First, we measured the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced when new photosensitizer (PS), acid red (AR), and brilliant blue (BB) were irradiated with a semiconductor laser.

Diagnosis of root fractures using cone-beam computed tomography: difference of vertical and horizontal root fracture.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of vertical and horizontal root fractures using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods: We reviewed the CBCT images of 51 patients who were examined by CBCT for the diagnosis of root fracture. The occurrences of vertical and horizontal root fractures were investigated concerning the pulpal vitality and the kind of tooth, and analyzed by cross-tabulation.

Antibacterial activity of blue high-power light-emitting diode-activated flavin mononucleotide against Staphylococcus aureus biofilm on a sandblasted and etched surface.

Background: Because of high affinity to the titanium implant surface, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has been reported as key microorganism that cause the peri-implantitis, even though it is not the typical periodontal pathogenic bacterial strain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial property of the aPDT device, using blue high-power LED light activated flavin mononucleotide, comparing to the previously proven aPDT method using methylene blue and red laser on S.

Assessment of inflammatory jaw pathologies using bone SPECT/CT maximum standardized uptake value.

Objectives: To investigate the assessment of inflammatory jaw pathologies using bone single-photon emission CT-CT (SPECT/CT) maximum standardized uptake value (SUV).

Methods: 44 patients with inflammatory jaw pathologies (7 chronic osteomyelitis, 8 osteoradionecrosis and 29 medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ)) underwent SPECT/CT at 4 h after injection of Tc hydroxymethylene diphosphonate. The SPECT/CT parameters SUV of the inflammatory jaw pathologies were analyzed.

Effectiveness of oral moisturizing gel and flavor on oral moisture and saliva volume: A clinical study.

Statement Of Problem: Oral dryness leads to problems in the oral cavity and pharynx and problems with dental prostheses. Although some moisturizing agents relieve the symptoms of oral dryness, the influence of the flavor of the moisturizing agent on the symptoms of oral dryness has not been clarified.

Purpose: The purpose of this clinical study was to examine the effectiveness of moisturizing gels with different flavors.

Characteristics of patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis on magnetic resonance imaging.

Introduction: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction is a common condition that is best evaluated with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the patients with TMJ osteoarthrosis on MR imaging.

Methods: The MR images of 206 TMJs of 103 patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) were evaluated retrospectively in this study.

Low temperature polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating improves the appearance of orthodontic wires without changing their mechanical properties.

A strong esthetic demand exists for white-colored rather than metallic-colored dental appliances. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which is chemically stable with extremely low friction, is a suitable white-colored coating for dental appliances. In the conventional PTFE coating process, base materials are heated to approximately 400°C, which could change their mechanical properties.

Measurement of Oral Moisture on Oral Dryness Patients.

Many elderly patients have oral dryness; thus, it is necessary to evaluate the oral moisture in a clinical setting. The aim of this study was to clarify the importance of controlling the measuring pressure of the oral moisture-checking device. The influence of the measuring pressure of the oral moisture-checking device was examined using agar under 10 measuring pressure conditions (Kruskal-Wallis test).

Analysis of salivary factors related to the oral health status in children.

Early detection of oral disease is important to reduce its severity and increase the likelihood of successful treatment. This study aimed to perform a quantitative assessment of the saliva components as a first stage of the research to screen oral homeostasis. Here, saliva secretions collected from children were evaluated, and their constituents were analyzed to investigate the potential correlations between the buffering capacity and a range of salivary factors.

Strain elastography of palatal tumors in conjunction with intraoral ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging: 2 case reports.

Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be useful for the evaluation of palatal lesions, and strain elastography (performed together with intraoral ultrasonography) is a relatively new sonographic imaging modality. This report describes 2 clinical cases in which strain elastography was used to assess palatal tumors in conjunction with intraoral ultrasonography, CT, and MRI. In the first case, diagnosed as a myoepithelioma, the strain was determined to be 0.

Thermoforming technique for suppressing reduction in mouthguard thickness: Part 2 Effect of model height and model moving distance.

Background/aim: Wearing a mouthguard reduces the risk of sports-related injuries, but the material and thickness of the mouthguard have a substantial impact on its effectiveness and safety. The aim of this study was to establish a thermoforming technique in which the model position is moved just before formation to suppress the reduction in thickness. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of model height and model moving distance on mouthguard thickness.

Forming temperature of ethylene vinyl acetate sheets for fabrication of vacuum-formed mouthguards.

Background/aims: The appropriate heating temperature for the fabrication of mouthguards using ethylene vinyl acetate sheets is reported to be 80-120°C. However, the measurement side of the heating temperature has not been determined. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the measurement side of the heating temperature when fabricating mouthguards.

Appropriate fabrication method for vacuum-formed mouthguards using polyolefin sheets.

Background/aims: The appropriate heating conditions for polyolefin sheets have not yet been determined and polyolefin sheets are usually formed in the same manner as ethylene vinyl acetate sheets. The aim of this study was to examine the appropriate heating conditions for polyolefin sheets when fabricating vacuum-formed mouthguards.

Materials And Methods: Mouthguard sheets of 3.

Computer programme to assess mandibular cortex morphology in cases of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw with osteoporosis or bone metastases.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphology of the mandibular cortex in cases of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in patients with osteoporosis or bone metastases using a computer programme.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-four patients with MRONJ (35 with osteoporosis and 19 with bone metastases) were examined using panoramic radiography. The morphology of the mandibular cortex was evaluated using a computer programme that scanned the mandibular inferior cortex and automatically assessed the mandibular cortical index (MCI) according to the thickness and roughness of the mandibular cortex, as follows: normal (class 1), mildly to moderately eroded (class 2), or severely eroded (class 3).

Identification of the optimal cetuximab concentration that is effective against oral squamous cell carcinoma in collagen gel droplet embedded culture drug sensitivity testing.

Anticancer drug sensitivity testing using the collagen gel droplet embedded culture drug sensitivity test (CD-DST) on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) samples beginning from 2010 has been conducted. The present study investigated the effect of adding cetuximab (Erbitux), a molecularly targeted drug, on anticancer drug activity against clinical OSCC specimens. A total of 25 specimens were obtained from 25 patients with OSCC between October 2013 and December 2017.

Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy Using a Small Protein Mimetic for HER2-Overexpressing Breast Cancer.

Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a new and promising cancer therapy based on a monoclonal antibody conjugated to a photosensitizer which is activated by near-infrared light irradiation, causing cell death. We investigated NIR-PIT using a small protein mimetic (6-7 kDa), Affibody molecules, instead of a monoclonal antibody for HER2-overexpressing cancer. Because of its small size, the Affibody has rapid clearance, high imaging contrast, and good tumor penetration.