Comparative efficacy of treatments for a first-time traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: First-time traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation (FASD) is a common trauma associated with shoulder dysfunction. Although several randomized controlled trials have compared conservative and surgical treatments for FASD, the comparative efficacy of these treatments is poorly understood. In this network meta-analysis (NMA), we compared the available evidence on the efficacy of various interventions in patients with FASD.

Deep learning with convolution neural network detecting mesiodens on panoramic radiographs: comparing four models.

The aim of this study was to develop an optimal, simple, and lightweight deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN) model to detect the presence of mesiodens on panoramic radiographs. A total of 628 panoramic radiographs with and without mesiodens were used as training, validation, and test data. The training, validation, and test dataset were consisted of 218, 51, and 40 images with mesiodens and 203, 55, and 61 without mesiodens, respectively.

Intracellular signaling pathways involved in the regulation of gene expression by pilocarpine.

Objectives: Pilocarpine is commonly used clinically to treat dry mouth. The long-term administration of pilocarpine reportedly improves salivary secretion more effectively than short-term administration. Therefore, we hypothesized that pilocarpine alters gene expression in salivary glands via muscarinic receptor stimulation.

Evaluation of peri-implant bone defects on cone-beam computed tomography and the diagnostic accuracy of detecting these defects on panoramic images.

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the typical sites and patterns of peri-implant bone defects on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, as well as to evaluate the detectability of the identified bone defects on panoramic images.

Materials And Methods: The study population included 114 patients with a total of 367 implant fixtures. CBCT images were used to assess the presence or absence of bone defects around each implant fixture at the mesial, distal, buccal, and lingual sites.

Presenilin deficiency enhances tau phosphorylation and its secretion.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of abnormally folded amyloid β-protein (Aβ) in the brain parenchyma and phosphorylated tau in neurons. Presenilin (PS, PSEN) 1 and PS2 are essential components of γ-secretase, which is responsible for the cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) to generate Aβ. PSEN mutations are associated with tau aggregation in frontotemporal dementia, regardless of the presence or absence of Aβ pathology.

Urban-rural differences in the prevalence of having a family dentist and their association with income inequality among Japanese individuals: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Few reported studies evaluate the status of those who have a family dentist (FD) by regional differences and the socioeconomic factors associated with this status. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of having an FD among Japanese individuals across three samples of municipality type: urban, intermediate, and rural areas, and determine the factors associated with having an FD.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving a web-based survey.

Relationship between joint structure of the first tarsometatarsal joint and its degeneration.

This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between joint structures of the first tarsometatarsal and articular facet degeneration. A total of 100 feet from 50 cadavers were examined. The articular facets of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform were categorized into four types based on the superior and inferior facets' separation, and the formation of the inferior lateral facet on the lateral plantar prominence: Type I, a single facet with no separation or inferior lateral facet; Type II-a, two facets with separation but no inferior lateral facet; Type II-b, two facets, no separation, but with an inferior lateral facet; Type III, three facets with separation and an inferior lateral facet.

Halogenation of aromatic compounds with -halosuccinimides (NXS) catalysed by D-camphorsulfonic acid-BiCl.

Aromatic bromination catalysed by 0.5-10 mol% of D-camphorsulfonic acid-BiCl3 with -bromosuccinimides (NBS) was carried out in MeCN under air conditions, and the procedure was extended to the reactions with -chlorosuccinimides (NCS) and -iodosuccinimides (NIS). The halogenation of some drugs and natural products was also attempted.

Protocol for forward genetic screening to identify novel factors involved in a biological process in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Forward genetic screens have been a powerful tool for discovering genes involved in various biological processes in Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we present a protocol for forward genetic screening to identify novel factors involved in a biological process in C. elegans.

Immunogenic effects of enamel matrix derivative on human alveolar ridge mucosa-derived vascular endothelial cells under lipopolysaccharide stimulation.

Early peri-implant disease detection remains difficult. Enamel matrix derivative (EMD), which is used for periodontal tissue regeneration, promotes leukocyte chemotactic factor and adhesion molecule expression in vascular endothelial cells. We hypothesized that stimulating vascular endothelial cells with EMD would induce an inflammatory response in the peri-implant mucosa, enabling early peri-implant infection detection.

Oral status of older adults receiving home medical care: A cross-sectional study.

Aim: This study examined the oral status and the presence of teeth requiring treatment among older adults receiving home medical care.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a Japanese dental clinic specializing in geriatric treatment. We recruited older adults receiving home medical care in the community who had begun to receive domiciliary dental care.

The existence of cells exhibiting characteristics of both Type II and Type III cells in rat taste buds. An immunohistochemical and electron-microscopic study.

Taste bud cells are classified into four types by their ultrastructural features. Immunohistochemical detection of taste-signaling molecules is used to distinguish cell types of taste bud cells; however, the characteristics of taste cell types such as the immunoreactivity for taste-signaling molecules have long remained unclear. We investigated the detailed characteristics of taste cells in rat vallate taste buds by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry for gustducin, neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2), which are known as markers of Type II cells, Type III cells and both cell types, respectively.

Assessing the combined impact of fatty liver-induced TGF-β1 and LPS-activated macrophages in fibrosis through a novel 3D serial section methodology.

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), caused by fat buildup, can lead to liver inflammation and damage. Elucidation of the spatial distribution of fibrotic tissue in the fatty liver in NASH can be immensely useful to understand its pathogenesis. Thus, we developed a novel serial section-3D (SS3D) technique that combines high-resolution image acquisition with 3D construction software, which enabled highly detailed analysis of the mouse liver and extraction and quantification of stained tissues.

Alternated activation with relaxation of periosteum stimulates bone modeling and remodeling.

Gradual elevation of the periosteum from the original bone surface, based on the principle of distraction osteogenesis, induces endogenous hard and soft tissue formation. This study aimed to assess the impact of alternating protocols of activation with relaxation (periosteal pumping) on bone modeling and remodeling. One hundred and sixty-two adult male Wistar rats were used in this study.

Effect of Simulated Dental Pulpal Pressure Using Fetal Bovine Serum for the Bonding Performance of Contemporary Adhesive to Dentin.

This study evaluated the effect of simulated pulpal pressure (SPP) conditions and storage time on contemporary adhesive systems' microtensile bond strength (µTBS) to dentin. Extracted human molars were prepared and randomly divided into four groups according to the adhesives: Clearfil Megabond 2 (CSE), Beautibond Xtreme Universal (BXU), G2-Bond (G2B), and Scotchbond Universal Plus (SBP). Each adhesive group was further divided following the SPP conditions: control with no simulation (SPP-CTR), SPP with distilled water (SPP-DTW), and SPP with fetal bovine serum (SPP-FBS).

Machine Learning Prediction of Tongue Pressure in Elderly Patients with Head and Neck Tumor: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This investigation sought to cross validate the predictors of tongue pressure recovery in elderly patients' post-treatment for head and neck tumors, leveraging advanced machine learning techniques. By employing logistic regression, support vector regression, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting, the study analyzed an array of variables including patient demographics, surgery types, dental health status, and age, drawn from comprehensive medical records and direct tongue pressure assessments. Among the models, logistic regression emerged as the most effective, demonstrating an accuracy of 0.

Predicting maximum occlusal force and tongue pressure using decision tree analysis in patients diagnosed with head and neck tumors.

Statement Of Problem: Preserving and restoring oral functions, especially mastication and swallowing, is important to the quality of life of patients being treated for head and neck tumors. Studies that help predict maximum occlusal force and tongue pressure during prosthetic treatment, necessary for providing comprehensive, appropriate treatment and encouraging patient adherence and confidence are lacking.

Purpose: The purpose of this clinical study was to develop a decision tree model for predicting maximum occlusal force and tongue pressure in patients diagnosed with head and neck tumors that could help both experienced and less experienced prosthodontists and oral surgeons optimize the treatment plan and support patient compliance and their quality of life.

Japan-Multimodal Intervention Trial for the Prevention of Dementia: A randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: We examined the efficacy of a multidomain intervention in preventing cognitive decline among Japanese older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: Participants aged 65-85 years with MCI were randomized into intervention (management of vascular risk factors, exercise, nutritional counseling, and cognitive training) and control groups. The primary outcome was changes in the cognitive composite score over a period of 18 months.

Relationship between first tarsometatarsal ligament morphology and its continuity with the fibularis longus and first tarsometatarsal joint degeneration.

This study explored the relationship between the morphological characteristics of the first tarsometatarsal ligaments and fibularis longus (FL) and the severity of articular cartilage degeneration in the first tarsometatarsal joint. Sixty legs from 30 cadavers were examined. The plantar, dorsal, and medial first tarsometatarsal ligaments were classified by fiber bundle number, and their morphological characteristics (fiber bundle length, width, thickness) were measured.