Electrospinning based biomaterials for biomimetic fabrication, bioactive protein delivery and wound regenerative repair.

Electrospinning is a remarkably straightforward and adaptable technique that can be employed to process an array of synthetic and natural materials, resulting in the production of nanoscale fibers. It has emerged as a novel technique for biomedical applications and has gained increasing popularity in the research community in recent times. In the context of tissue repair and tissue engineering, there is a growing tendency toward the integration of biomimetic scaffolds and bioactive macromolecules, particularly proteins and growth factors.

Association Between Chewing Capacity and Mortality Risk: The Role of Diet and Ageing.

Aim: Masticatory dysfunction due to tooth loss is a potentially modifiable risk for mortality, but the pathway behind that remains to be investigated. This prospective study aimed to examine the role of diet and ageing in the associations between chewing capacity and long-term mortality.

Methods: Data were obtained from participants (aged ≥ 20) in the National Health Nutritional and Health Survey (NHANES 1999-2010, n = 22,900).

From pathogenesis to precision medicine: Transformative advances in research and treatment of ameloblastoma.

Odontogenic neoplasms of the jaw are dominated by ameloblastoma (AM), a locally aggressive epithelial tumor with a significant propensity for recurrence. The World Health Organization's 2022 update to the AM classification system underscores recent progress in comprehending its underlying mechanisms and refining clinical approaches. Contemporary research has yielded significant insights into the genetic underpinnings of AM, paving the way for the development of precision-based treatment strategies.

3-Hydroxyanthranic acid inhibits growth of oral squamous carcinoma cells through growth arrest and DNA damage inducible alpha.

Objectives: The specific role of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid(3-HAA) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear. This study investigated the roles of 3-HAA in OSCC and the underlying mechanism.

Materials And Methods: The effects of 3-HAA on OSCC were examined using CCK-8, colony formation, EdU incorporation assays and xenograft mouse model.

ConvXGB: A novel deep learning model to predict recurrence risk of early-stage cervical cancer following surgery using multiparametric MRI images.

Background: Accurate estimation of recurrence risk for cervical cancer plays a pivot role in making individualized treatment plans. We aimed to develop and externally validate an end-to-end deep learning model for predicting recurrence risk in cervical cancer patients following surgery by using multiparametric MRI images.

Methods: The clinicopathologic data and multiparametric MRI images of 406 cervical cancer patients from three institutions were collected.

Crosslinked Versus Non-Crosslinked Resorbable Collagen Membranes for Periodontal Regeneration: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Non-Inferiority Clinical Trial.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the results of combination therapy involving bone grafting and two different resorbable collagen membranes in 1-, 2- and 3-wall infrabony defects.

Methods: A total of 174 patients with infrabony defects (≥ 7 mm periodontal probing depth) were randomized to receive deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) with either a native porcine non-crosslinked collagen membrane (N-CM, control, n = 87) or a novel porcine crosslinked collagen membrane (C-CM, test, n = 87). Clinical parameters, including periodontal probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and gingival recession (GR), were recorded at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks.

17β-estradiol promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by regulating mitophagy through ARC.

The study aims to elucidate the mechanism through which 17β-estradiol facilitates osteogenic differentiation in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). In our study, lentiviral transfection was employed to establish apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) knockdown or overexpression in BMSCs. The impact of 17β-estradiol on ARC expression was assessed using western blot, RT-PCR and immunofluorescence.

Osteoarthritis-like changes in rat temporomandibular joint induced by unilateral anterior large overjet treatment.

Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a common degenerative disease that causes chronic pain and joint dysfunction. However, the current understanding of TMJOA pathogenesis is limited and necessitates further research. Animal models are crucial for investigating TMJOA due to the scarcity of clinical samples.

NURBS curve shape prior-guided multiscale attention network for automatic segmentation of the inferior alveolar nerve.

Accurate segmentation of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) within Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images is critical for the precise planning of oral and maxillofacial surgeries, especially to avoid IAN damage. Existing methods often fail due to the low contrast of the IAN and the presence of artifacts, which can cause segmentation discontinuities. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a novel approach that employs Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) curve shape priors into a multiscale attention network for the automatic segmentation of the IAN.

Choline Metabolites, Genetic Susceptibility, and Incident Heart Failure.

Background: Little is known about the associations between choline metabolites (total choline, phosphatidylcholine, and glycine) and the incidence of heart failure (HF).

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the associations of choline metabolites with incident HF and examine the effect modification by genetic susceptibility.

Methods: This prospective cohort study followed 245,072 participants from the UK Biobank from baseline (2006-2010) until March 30, 2023.

Overlooked and underpowered: a meta-research addressing sample size in radiomics prediction models for binary outcomes.

Objectives: To investigate how studies determine the sample size when developing radiomics prediction models for binary outcomes, and whether the sample size meets the estimates obtained by using established criteria.

Methods: We identified radiomics studies that were published from 01 January 2023 to 31 December 2023 in seven leading peer-reviewed radiological journals. We reviewed the sample size justification methods, and actual sample size used.

Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of natural product diphyllin derivatives against head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, but clinical drug treatments are limited. The natural product diphyllin was identified as a lead compound suppressing the proliferation of HNSCC cells through phenotypic screening of natural product library. However, further developments of diphyllin as an anti-HNSCC agent were restricted by the weak bioactivity and poor metabolic stability.

TAGLN-RhoA/ROCK2-SLC2A3-mediated Mechano-metabolic Axis Promotes Skin Fibrosis.

Skin fibrotic diseases are characterized by abnormal fibroblast function and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix. Our previous single-cell sequencing results identified an enriched fibroblast subcluster in skin fibrotic tissues that highly expresses the actin cross-linking cytoskeletal protein Transgelin (TAGLN), which bridges the mechanical environment of tissues and cellular metabolism. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the role of TAGLN in the pathogenesis of skin fibrosis.

A Stepwise Approach to Surgical Decision-making for Lower Eyelid Ectropion: Insights from a Retrospective Study.

Background: Cicatricial lower-eyelid ectropion is a serious complication resulting from undesired lower lid blepharoplasty or impaired wound healing. Surgical treatment for ectropion is challenging for oculoplastic surgeons due to the unpredictability of surgical outcome and the difficulty of surgical design.

Objectives: The authors aimed to fully describe the surgical decision-making strategy for cicatricial ectropion, and to potentially enhance treatment outcomes.

Inflammatory markers link triglyceride-glucose index and obesity indicators with adverse cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension: insights from three cohorts.

Background: Among hypertensive cohorts across different nations, the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and its conjunction with obesity metrics in relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality remains to be elucidated.

Methods: This study enrolled 9,283, 164,357, and 5,334 hypertensives from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), UK Biobank (UKBB), and Shanghai Pudong cohort. The related outcomes for CVD were defined by multivariate Cox proportional hazards models, Generalized Additive Models and Mendelian randomization analysis.

A flexible, antifreezing, and long-term stable cellulose ionic conductive hydrogel via one-step preparation for flexible electronic sensors.

Ionic conductive hydrogels have attracted great attention due to their good flexibility and conductivity in flexible electronic devices. However, because of the icing and water loss problems, the compatibility issue between the mechanical properties and conductivity of hydrogel electrolytes over a wide temperature range remains extremely challenging to achieve. Although, antifreezing/water-retaining additives could alleviate these problems, the reduced performance and complex preparation methods seriously limit their development.

A Nomogram to Predict Mortality in Patients With Severe Oral and Maxillofacial Space Infections.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the risk factors for death in extremely severe oral and maxillofacial space infection (OMSI) patients and to use these findings to establish a nomogram model that can be used to predict individual patient prognosis.

Methods: Patients with extremely severe OMSI seen between 2020 and 2024 were enrolled (N = 102). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyse the associations between clinical factors and the risk of death, and a nomogram was developed to visualise the model.

Drug-phospholipid conjugate nano-assembly for drug delivery.

Phospholipid-based liposomes are among the most successful nanodrug delivery systems in clinical use. However, these conventional liposomes present significant challenges including low drug-loading capacity and issues with drug leakage. Drug-phospholipid conjugates (DPCs) and their assemblies offer a promising strategy for addressing these limitations.

The effect of anterior disc displacement with polycystic ovarian syndrome on adolescent condylar bone remodeling.

Background: Adolescent females have a high prevalence of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) anterior disc displacement (ADD), which can lead to condylar resorption and dentofacial deformity. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that disrupts bone metabolism. However, the effects of PCOS on bone remodeling especially after disc repositioning (DR) surgery are not well understood.

Altered zygotic gene expression caused by sperm with variants disrupts early embryonic development.

The precise mechanisms behind early embryonic arrest due to sperm-related factors and the most effective strategies are not yet fully understood. Here, we present two cases of male infertility linked to novel variants, associated with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) and early embryonic arrest. To investigate the underlying mechanisms and promising therapeutic approaches, knock-in and knock-out mice were generated.

How to monitor and discriminate the causes of lower limb swelling during home-based rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty? A delphi study.

Purpose: Swelling in the lower limbs after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) affects surgical outcomes. Prolonged swelling requires monitoring and remote management during home-based rehabilitation. Causes of swelling vary but, so far, no indicators are available to monitor and identify causes of lower limb swelling, making it difficult to implement targeted interventions.