GRN Activates TNFR2 to Promote Macrophage M2 Polarization Aggravating Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection.

Background: The polarization of macrophages plays a critical role in the immune response to infectious diseases, with M2 polarization shown to be particularly important in various pathological processes. However, the specific mechanisms of M2 macrophage polarization in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection remain unclear. In particular, the roles of Granulin () and tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 () in the M2 polarization process have not been thoroughly studied.

Fibroblast growth factor 20 ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy via activation ErbB2.

Fibroblast growth factor 20 (FGF20) is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family and involved in embryonic development and cardiac repair. This study aimed to explore the role of FGF20 in cardiac hypertrophy and the underlying molecular mechanisms. FGF20 improved cardiac hypertrophy and .

Association between C-reactive protein to albumin ratio and subclinical myocardial injury in the general population free from cardiovascular disease.

Objective: The study aimed to examine the role of the C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) as an inflammatory biomarker in relation to subclinical myocardial injury (SC-MI), addressing the limited knowledge of their association.

Methods: The study included 5,949 individuals without cardiovascular disease (CVD) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. SC-MI was identified through a Cardiac Infarction Injury Score (CIIS) of ≥ 10 units based on a 12-lead electrocardiogram.

Astaxanthin attenuates diabetic kidney injury through upregulation of autophagy in podocytes and pathological crosstalk with mesangial cells.

Astaxanthin (ATX) is a strong antioxidant drug. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ATX on podocytes in diabetic nephropathy and the underlying renal protective mechanism of ATX, which leads to pathological crosstalk with mesangial cells. In this study, diabetic rats treated with ATX exhibited reduced 24-h urinary protein excretion and decreased blood glucose and lipid levels compared to vehicle-treated rats.

Enzymatic Preparation, In-Depth Molecular Analysis, and Digestion Simulation of Palmitoleic Acid (ω-7)-Enriched Fish Oil Triacylglycerols.

In this study, an enzymatic reaction was developed for synthesizing pure triacylglycerols (TAG) with a high content of palmitoleic acid (POA) using fish byproduct oil. The characteristics of synthesized structural TAGs rich in POA (POA-TAG) were analyzed in detail through ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography Q Exactive orbitrap mass spectrometry. Optimal conditions were thoroughly investigated and determined for reaction systems, including the use of Lipozyme TL IM and Novozym 435, 15 wt % lipase loading, substrate mass ratio of 1:3, and water content of 2.

LDLR c.415G > A causes familial hypercholesterolemia by weakening LDLR binding to LDL.

Background: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a prevalent hereditary disease that can cause aberrant cholesterol metabolism. In this study, we confirmed that c.415G > A in low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), an FH-related gene, is a pathogenic variant in FH by in silico analysis and functional experiments.

The Role and Mechanism of STIM1/Orai1-Regulated Ca Influx in Myocardial Hypertrophy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Objective: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the most common cardiovascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients affected with DCM face a notably higher risk of progressing to congestive heart failure compared to other populations. Myocardial hypertrophy, a clearly confirmed pathological change in DCM, plays an important role in the development of DCM, with abnormal Ca homeostasis serving as the key signal to induce myocardial hypertrophy.

Silencing of METTL3 inhibits m6A methylation of NEK7 to suppress pyrolysis in an HT-22 cell-based model of intracerebral hemorrhage.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) induces severe neurological damage, and its progression is driven by METTL3. This study aimed to investigate the role of METTL3 in ICH via in vitro experiments. For this purpose, HT-22 cells were treated with hemin to mimic ICH in vitro, followed by evaluating cell pyroptosis using flow cytometry, lactic dehydrogenase release analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and western blotting.

Advice for smokers in smoking cessation clinic: a review.

Background: Tobacco dependence has become a global public health concern. We chose to investigate the modifiable factors and motivations during the period of smoking cessation based on the mechanism of nicotine addiction.

Methods: We selected emotion, sleep, alcohol, caffeine beverages, mental activities after dinner, exercise and CYP2A6 genotype as influencing factors, and provided corresponding recommendations for smokers based on these factors.

Argatroban in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke With Early Neurological Deterioration: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The effect of argatroban in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and early neurological deterioration (END) is unknown.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of argatroban for END in AIS.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This open-label, blinded-end point, randomized clinical trial was conducted from April 4, 2020, through July 31, 2022.

Association between the variability of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with coronary heart disease.

Background: Lowering lipid variability may be a potential strategy for improving the inflammatory state in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). This study investigated the association between the variability of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR).

Methods: This study enrolled 2,711 CHD patients subjected to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Efficacy of Mobile-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Lowering Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Patients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Multicenter, Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is an established risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, low adherence to medication and lifestyle management has limited the benefits of lowering lipid levels. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been proposed as a promising solution.

His bundle pacing versus left bundle branch pacing on ventricular function in atrial fibrillation patients referred for pacing: a prospective crossover comparison.

Background: His bundle pacing (HBP) and left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) both provide physiologic pacing which maintain left ventricular synchrony. They both improve heart failure (HF) symptoms in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. We aimed to assess the intra-patient comparison of ventricular function and remodeling as well as leads parameters corresponding to two pacing modalities in AF patients referred for pacing in intermediate term.

Role of the extracellular matrix in COVID-19.

An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally, with over 500 million cases and 6 million deaths to date. COVID-19 is associated with a systemic inflammatory response and abnormalities of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is also involved in inflammatory storms. Upon viral infection, ECM proteins are involved in the recruitment of inflammatory cells and interference with target organ metabolism, including in the lungs.

A novel biomarker for pleural effusion diagnosis: Interleukin-36γ in pleural fluid.

Background: Numerous studies have described the critical importance of interleukin (IL) -36γ in host defense against lung infections, but it is unknown whether it plays a role in infectious pleural effusion (IPE). This study aimed to examine the levels of IL-36γ in pleural effusions of different etiologies and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of IL-36γ in the differential diagnosis of IPE.

Methods: A total of 112 individuals was enrolled in this research.