IRX2-mediated upregulation of MMP-9 and VEGF in a PI3K/AKT-dependent manner.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent type of primitive malignant bone tumor with a poor prognosis due to distant metastasis. Our previous studies have demonstrated that IRX2 is overexpressed and is important in cell proliferation and invasion. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the IRX2‑dependent regulation of OS progression remains to be elucidated.

MiR-451 inhibits cell growth and invasion by targeting CXCL16 and is associated with prognosis of osteosarcoma patients.

Recent studies have shown that microRNA-451 (miR-451) was significantly decreased in osteosarcoma tissues and was identified as a tumor suppressor in other types of human cancers. However, its clinical significance and molecular mechanisms in osteosarcoma are still not well understood. MiR-451 levels are evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in osteosarcoma cell lines and in 68 pairs of osteosarcoma and adjacent noncancerous tissues.

Knockdown of IRX2 inhibits osteosarcoma cell proliferation and invasion by the AKT/MMP9 signaling pathway.

Osteosarcoma is the most common type of human primary malignant bone tumor with a potential propensity for local invasion and distant metastasis. Thus, this study focused on the expression and roles of IRX2 in the development of osteosarcoma. The mRNA expression levels of IRX2 in tissue samples of 69 cases of human osteosarcoma were detected by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay.

Migration and activation of T cells during development of graft-versus-host disease in a mouse model.

Objective: We investigated the pathophysiologic events in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a major complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Methods: The experimental group included BALB/c female mice conditioned with 8.0 GY total body irradiation that were transplanted with allogeneic C57BL/6 male bone marrow cells (BMCs) plus CD4(+) T cells and CD8(+) T cells isolated from green fluorescent protein transgenic (eGFP-Tg) C57BL/6 male mice by the immunomagnetic beads negative sorting method.

Clinical studies on the treatment of cancer cachexia with megestrol acetate plus thalidomide.

Background: The management of cancer-related anorexia/cachexia syndrome (CACS) is a great challenge in clinical practice. To date, practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of CACS are lacking. The authors conducted a randomized study to confirm the effectiveness and safety of treatment of CACS utilizing megestrol acetate (MA) plus thalidomide.