Genotyping and zoonotic potential of Cryptosporidium and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in pigs transported across regions in China.

Cryptosporidium spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi are common and important enteric parasites that can infect humans and animals, causing diarrhoea and systemic diseases. The objectives of the present study were to examine the prevalence and genetic variations of Cryptosporidium and E.

Personal exposure to PM-bound heavy metals associated with cardiopulmonary function in general population.

To better understand the cardiopulmonary alterations associated with personal exposed PM-bound heavy meals, we conducted a cross-sectional study in 2018 on 54 general residents. For each subject, PM exposure filter was collected by a low-volume sampler for 24 h; blood and urine samples were collected subsequently. Heavy metals in PM, blood, and urine samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method.

Associations of noise kurtosis, genetic variations in NOX3 and lifestyle factors with noise-induced hearing loss.

Background: Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a complex disease caused by environmental and genetic risk factors. This study was to explore the association of noise kurtosis, triphosphopyridine nucleotide oxidase 3 (NOX3) and lifestyles with NIHL.

Methods: This case-control study included 307 patients with NIHL and 307 matched control individuals from Zhejiang province of China.

Varicella breakthrough infection and effectiveness of 2-dose varicella vaccine in China.

Background: 2-dose varicella vaccination has been available in Ningbo city, China since 2014 in the private sector. This study aimed to evaluate the breakthrough varicella infection rate, and to examine overall and incremental effectiveness of 2-dose varicella vaccination among Chinese children.

Methods: A retrospective investigation was done among native children born from 2008 to 2013 in active surveillance area in Ningbo, China.

25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Its Association with Sleep Duration in Chinese Schoolchildren.

Objective: To examine the association between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and sleep duration among Chinese adolescents.

Subjects And Methods: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Chinese adolescents in 2017. Data on a total of 800 adolescents aged 8⁻14 years was used for this study.

Insufficient Sleep Duration and Overweight/Obesity among Adolescents in a Chinese Population.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and overweight/obesity among Chinese adolescents.

Methods: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Chinese adolescents in 2016. In total, 2795 school-aged Chinese children aged 12 to 13 years participated in this study.

Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in PM in Zhejiang Province.

The spatiotemporal characteristics and human health risks of 12 heavy metals (Al, As, Be, Cd, Cr, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, and Tl) in fine particulate matter (PM) in Zhejiang Province were investigated. The annual average PM concentration was 58.83 µg/m³ in 2015 in Zhejiang.

Reduced CpG island methylation of the TBC1D8 gene may predict risk for osteoporosis in Chinese postmenopausal women.

Objective: In this study, we collected samples from postmenopausal women aged >60 y and evaluated bone mineral density (BMD) in addition to other biochemical variables to evaluate risk factors for osteoporosis. Furthermore, we investigated whether an association exists between the CpG island methylation levels in the promoter region of the TBC1D8 gene and osteoporosis incidence. Our goal was to identify contributing factors to the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and provide a theoretical basis for osteoporosis testing and therapy.

Innovations in adult influenza vaccination in China, 2014-2015: Leveraging a chronic disease management system in a community-based intervention.

Objectives: To evaluate a community-based intervention that leveraged the non-communicable disease management system to increase seasonal influenza vaccination coverage among older adults in Ningbo, China.

Methods: From October 2014 - March 2015, we piloted the following on one street in Ningbo, China: educating community healthcare workers (C-HCWs) about influenza and vaccination; requiring C-HCWs to recommend influenza vaccination to older adults during routine chronic disease follow-up; and opening 14 additional temporary vaccination clinics. We selected a non-intervention street for comparison pre- and post-intervention vaccine coverage.

Medical Discrimination Affects the HIV/AIDS Epidemic Control: A Study of Self-Perceived Medical Discrimination on People Living with HIV or AIDS.

People living with HIV or AIDS (PLWHA) experienced severe medical discrimination which is seriously affecting their lives. However, few studies examined the epidemic characteristics of self-perceived medical discrimination from the discrimination objects such as PLWHA. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the epidemiological status and analyze the influential factors of the self-perceived medical discrimination on PLWHA in South China.

Associations between sleep duration and physical activity and dietary behaviors in Chinese adolescents: results from the Youth Behavioral Risk Factor Surveys of 2015.

Objective: To assess the association between sleep duration and physical activity and dietary behaviors among adolescents in a representative sample.

Methods: The analysis was performed using data from the 2015 Ningbo Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Associations between physical activity and dietary behaviors and sleep duration were examined on weighted data using logistic regression.

Ambient sulfur dioxide levels associated with reduced risk of initial outpatient visits for tuberculosis: A population based time series analysis.

Background: Recent biochemical studies suggest that exogenous sulfur dioxide (SO) at low concentrations may have been beneficial in inhibiting mycobacteria tuberculosis (TB) growth. However, there is a dearth of population-based studies.

Objectives: To examine the association of ambient SO levels and initial TB outpatient visits.

The interactive effects between high temperature and air pollution on mortality: A time-series analysis in Hefei, China.

Recent evidence suggests that there may be an interaction between air pollution and heat on mortality, which is pertinent in the context of global climate change. We sought to examine this interaction in Hefei, a hot and polluted Chinese city. We conducted time-series analyses using daily mortality, air pollutant concentration (including particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <10μm (PM), sulphur dioxide (SO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO)), and temperature data from 2008 to 2014.

Sleep duration and total cancer mortality: a meta-analysis of prospective studies.

Objective: Epidemiological evidence suggests a possible association between sleep duration and cancer-related mortality, but the reported findings are inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis of prospective studies to evaluate the relationships between sleep duration and cancer mortality.

Methods: Potentially relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed and Embase databases in addition to manual searches of references of retrieved full publications.

[Survival analysis of HIV/AIDS patients with access to highly antiretroviral therapy in Ningbo during 2004-2015].

To understand the epidemiology characteristics and survival status of HIV/AIDS patients with access to highly antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Ningbo during 2004-2015. A retrospective cohort study was conducted among HIV/AIDS patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2015. Life Tables were used to estimate survival rates, and Kaplan-Meier curve with Log rank test were used to describe the survival curves and the Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine predictors of mortality.

Effects of Meteorological Parameters and PM10 on the Incidence of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Children in China.

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a globally-prevalent infectious disease. However, few data are available on prevention measures for HFMD. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the impacts of temperature, humidity, and air pollution, particularly levels of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter 10 micrometers (PM10), on the incidence of HFMD in a city in Eastern China.

[Semi-quantitative risk assessment on local transmission of Dengue fever caused by introduced cases].

Objective: To assess the risk of local transmission of Dengue caused by introduced cases with semi-quantitative method in 2015 in Zhejiang Province.

Methods: Risk indexes of local transmission of Dengue caused by introduced cases were reviewed. The weights of indexes were computed by analytic hierarchy process and further used to generate absolute risk values by multiplying indexes.

High prevalence of HIV among men who have sex with men in Zhejiang, China: a respondent-driven sampling survey.

Objectives: To examine the prevalence of HIV and risk behaviours among men who have sex with men (MSM) and to explore the feasibility of using respondent-driven sampling in this population in order to conduct customised interventions among MSM in the future.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Zhejiang, China.

[Varicella breakthrough infection and vaccine effectiveness with 1-dose varicella].

Objective: To evaluate the breakthrough varicella infection rate and varicella vaccine effectiveness (VE) among children who received 1-dose varicella vaccine.

Methods: A total of 57 180 subjects for the consecutive 4-year birth cohorts were selected from the local children born between 2007 and 2010 in Yinzhou District, Ninghai County and Yuyao City. And they were followed up for varicella from 2008 to 2013.

Peripheral blood stem cell transplantation improves liver functional reserve.

Background: Currently available treatment options for decompensated hepatitis B-induced liver cirrhosis are limited and largely ineffective. Recently, stem cell transplantation has emerged as a promising treatment for cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to determine whether autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation can improve liver functional reserve in patients with hepatitis B-induced cirrhosis.

The effects of summer temperature and heat waves on heat-related illness in a coastal city of China, 2011-2013.

Background: Devastating health effects from recent heat waves in China have highlighted the importance of understanding health consequences from extreme heat stress. Despite the increasing mortality from extreme heat, very limited studies have quantified the effects of summer extreme temperature on heat-related illnesses in China.

Methods: The associations between extreme heat and daily heat-related illnesses that occurred in the summers of 2011-2013 in Ningbo, China, have been examined, using a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) based on 3862 cases.