650 results match your criteria: "Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences.[Affiliation]"

The apparent amylose content (AAC) is usually measured by an iodine colorimetric method using the starch as a sample. Nevertheless, it is time-consuming and labor-intensive to prepare rice starch. Therefore, we compared two methods, starch method and milled rice flour method.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Echigoshirayukidake is an edible mushroom found in Uonuma, Japan in 1994. It was assigned to a new species of (BDM-X) but is uniquely defect of forming bashidium. The high antioxidant activity and β-glucan content of BDM-X suggest possible functions preventing type 2 diabetes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Concomitant therapy with acetaminophen (APAP) and low-dose aspirin is often used in clinical settings; however, it is unclear whether this combination is involved in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We hypothesized that concomitant therapy with APAP and low-dose aspirin may cause CKD progression. We carried out a retrospective 6-year cohort study that included all patients who received low-dose aspirin from January 2011 to December 2016 at Kaetsu Hospital.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Although lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is regarded as an inducer of inflammation, previous studies have suggested that repetitive low-dose LPS has neuroprotective effects via immunomodulation of microglia, resident macrophages of brain. However, microglia transformed by the stimulus of repetitive low-dose LPS (REPELL-microglia) are not well characterized, whereas microglia transformed by repetitive high-dose LPS are well studied as an endotoxin tolerance model in which the induction of pro-inflammatory molecules is suppressed. In this study, to characterize REPELL-microglia, the gene expression and phagocytic activity of REPELL-microglia were analyzed with the murine C8-B4 microglia cell line.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Lipid metabolism of the oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi.

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

July 2020

Department of Applied Life Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata, 956-8603, Japan.

The oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi is an excellent sustainable lipid producer, which can convert industrial wastes into lipids and accumulate triacylglycerols (TAG) by > 70% of its dry cell weight. Recent studies using omics technologies applied in L. starkeyi have aided in obtaining greater understanding of the important mechanisms of lipid metabolism in L.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Tacrolimus, a calcineurin inhibitor, affects bone metabolism and increases the risk of fracture due to marked bone loss. Bisphosphonates increase the bone mineral density (BMD) in osteoporosis patients. Menatetrenone has less positive effects on BMD but reduces the risk of fracture by improving bone quality.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aim And Objective: Insulin-induced moderate or severe hypoglycemia (MH or SH) impairs cognition and SH causes neuronal death. On the contrary, alternate day fasting (ADF) protects the brain during excitotoxic stress and improves cognitive function. Unlike the scenario in the periphery, insulin and its relationship towards brain glucose uptake and metabolism are considered to be less significant.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The 31- and 32-nt 5'-fragment of Y4-RNA (Y4RNAfr) exists abundantly in human peripheral blood plasma. Although physiological roles of the plasma Y4RNAfr are not well established, its potential utility as a diagnostic/prognostic marker for acute coronary syndrome was suggested. In this paper, to establish a normal range of the Y4RNAfr level in plasma, we measured plasma Y4RNAfr levels of 40 healthy persons using the method we have developed, and compared them with other blood test data.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The oleaginous yeast is receiving widespread attention as an alternative energy source for biofuels due to its unicellular nature, high growth rate and because it can be fermented on a large-scale. In this study, was cultured under both light and dark conditions in order to understand the light response involved in lipid and carotenoid biosynthesis. Our results from phenotype and gene expression analysis showed that responded to light by producing darker pigmentation with an associated increase in carotenoid production.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Clinical data have shown that patients with diabetes require shorter training time to use Ateos versus FlexTouch. Using data acquired from a previous study, self-administration procedures that necessitated more time and repetition during mock injection were evaluated. In this open-label task- and interview-based crossover study, 48 self-injection naïve participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were randomized to 1 of 2 sequences to perform a mock injection of Ateos and FlexTouch into a rubber pad after receiving training.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aging is a predominant risk factor for the development and progression of cardiovascular complications. Physiologically and anatomically, the heart undergoes numerous changes that result in poor cardiac function in the elderly population. Recently, several studies have provided promising results, confirming the ability of the senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) model to accurately model age-related cardiovascular alterations.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • A 5-year study in Niigata, Japan, analyzed 179 patients with bacteremia caused by ESBL-producing organisms across six hospitals.
  • The study found that patients aged 85 and older were significantly more likely to receive appropriate carbapenem treatment compared to those aged 65-84 (89% vs. 61%).
  • Additionally, while other infection sites increased the risk of 30-day mortality, age itself (≥ 85 years) did not correlate with higher mortality in these patients, suggesting that carbapenem treatment may not be necessary for the elderly in such cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The 31- and 32-nt 5'-fragments of Y4-RNA (Y4RNAfr) exist abundantly in human plasma. The Y4RNAfr can function as 5'-half-tRNA-type sgRNA for tRNase Z, although we do not know yet what its physiological roles are and what cellular RNAs are its genuine targets. In this paper, we analyzed the effects of the Y4RNAfr on cell viability and transcriptomes using HL60, RPMI-8226, and HEK293 cells, and Y4RNAfr-binding RNAs in A549 cells.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Pyridoxamine (PM) could competitively protect amino groups in proteins from glycating agents. Although PM is expected to react with saccharides, available data therein are limited. In this study, a novel hydrophilic compound from a model reaction solution containing PM and xylose was isolated and identified as (6aR,9aR)-1,8,9-trihydroxy-2,6a-dimethyl-6a,9a-dihydrocyclopenta[5,6]pyrano[3,4-c]pyridin-7(5H)-one with a tricyclic structure.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Crohn's disease (CD) development is thought to involve genetic factors related to immune response as well as environmental factors, such as intestinal bacteria and diet, though no clear cause has yet been identified. In our previous study, we found that the concentrations of linoleic acid, stearic acid, and metabolites in erythrocytes differed between CD patients and healthy subjects. These factors related to lipid metabolism are controlled by Δ6 desaturase (fatty acid desaturase 2, FADS2) and elongase 6 (ELOVL6), respectively.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Protonophoric uncoupler carbonylcyanide-3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) decreases the proton motive force (ΔP) of the mitochondrial inner membrane and results in inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation. In this study, a CCCP-resistant clone was isolated from a random gene trap insertional mutant library of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells which was constructed by infecting a retrovirus vector, ROSAβgeo. Although we expected the isolation of the mutants defective in nuclear genes responsible for mitochondrial functions, the disrupted gene of the isolated mutant that we named R1 cells was identified as one of the alleles for ribosomal protein 5 of large subunit (RPL5).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Edaravone Exerts Brain Protective Function by Reducing the Expression of AQP4, APP and Aβ Proteins.

Open Life Sci

January 2019

Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 393, Xinyi Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi 830011, P.R. China.

This study aims to investigate the changes of aquaporin-4 (AQP4), β-amyloid precursor proteins (APP) and β-amyloid (Aβ) in brain tissues after cerebral ischemiareperfusion injury (CIRI), and evaluate the effect of edaravone. The Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion was used to establish CIRI in rats. Rats were divided into control, model and edaravone groups.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Microbial lipids produced by oleaginous microorganisms as raw materials for the production of oleochemicals and biodiesel are sustainable while avoiding competition with food products. The oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi is an excellent lipid producer with a great industrial potential that is suitable as a valuable host to improve lipid production through genetic engineering modifications. However, genetic tools, including effective transformation methods, for L.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Compared with regular brown rice, dewaxed brown rice (DBR), prepared by excluding only the wax layer in the outermost layer of brown rice using a new rice milling technique, has improved water absorbency, digestibility, and taste. Dewaxed brown rice has a nutritional value close to that of brown rice and contains a large amount of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which are known to improve the cognitive function of mice. In this study, we examined the effect of continuous DBR ingestion on the cognitive function of elderly people.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Dual activity of PNGM-1 pinpoints the evolutionary origin of subclass B3 metallo--lactamases: a molecular and evolutionary study.

Emerg Microbes Infect

December 2019

National Leading Research Laboratory of Drug Resistance Proteomics, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Republic of Korea.

Resistance to -lactams is one of the most serious problems associated with Gram-negative infections. -Lactamases are able to hydrolyze -lactams such as cephalosporins and/or carbapenems. Evolutionary origin of metallo--lactamases (MBLs), conferring critical antibiotic resistance threats, remains unknown.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Rice with double mutation of and (/) has much higher amounts of apparent amylose and resistant starch (RS) than usual varieties. In this study, we conducted two randomized, single-blind, crossover trials to investigate the effect of single ingestion of two processed foods composed of / mutant rice on postprandial blood glucose and insulin response in healthy adults, compared to those of usual cultivar. In trial 1, of ingestion of rice crackers, the incremental area under the curves of glucose (IAUCglc) and insulin (IAUCins) in RS group was significantly lower than in the control group.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

We developed a synthetic RNA approach to identify growth inhibition sequences by cloning random 24-nucleotide (nt) sequences into an arabinose-inducible expression vector. This vector expressed a small RNA (sRNA) of ∼140 nt containing a 24 nt random sequence insert. After transforming Escherichia coli with the vector, 10 out of 954 transformants showed strong growth defect phenotypes and two clones caused cell lysis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Dewaxed brown rice (DBR), which is prepared by removing only the outermost wax layer of brown rice using a new rice milling technique, has improved water absorbency, digestibility, and taste compared to regular brown rice. DBR has a nutritional value close to that of brown rice, including a rich amount of lipopolysaccharides that are known to improve cognitive function in mice. This study thus aimed to verify the influence of continuous DBR ingestion on cognitive function among elderly individuals.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

We previously reported that microRNA-205-5p (miR-205-5p) is significantly decreased in the ErbB2-overexpressing breast epithelial cell line MCF10A-ErbB2 compared with control cells. In this study, we identified a direct target of miR-205-5p, chloride voltage-gated channel 3 (CLCN3). CLCN3 expression was induced by ErbB2 overexpression; this induced expression was then reduced to control levels by the transfection of the miR-205-5p precursor.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF