215 results match your criteria: "Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine[Affiliation]"

Background: In the phase 3 JAVELIN Renal 101 trial (NCT02684006), first-line treatment with avelumab + axitinib resulted in significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) and a higher objective response rate (ORR) vs sunitinib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC). We report the final analysis, including the primary analysis of overall survival (OS).

Patients And Methods: Patients with untreated aRCC (any prognostic risk score) were enrolled.

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Schwannomas consist of both high-cellularity regions (Antoni A area) and hypocellular regions (Antoni B area) in histopathological findings. Neurofibromas characteristically consist of CD34 positive spindle cells with thin, wavy, nuclei and wavy collagen bands. Previous reports have described segments of schwannomas with neurofibroma features as hybrid tumors, although hybrid tumors were diagnosed based on partial CD34 positivity in many previous reports.

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  • This study looked at women with bladder cancer who had surgery to remove their bladder and other reproductive organs to see how many still had problems with their reproductive organs.
  • Out of 417 women, some had their uterus and vaginal wall saved, but about 9% showed signs of cancer in their reproductive areas.
  • The researchers concluded that doctors need to think carefully about whether to save these organs during surgery because there's a risk that cancer could still affect them.
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  • The 2023 update from the Japan Society of Facial Nerve Research provides evidence-based recommendations for treating Bell's palsy, focusing on identifying key clinical questions.
  • The guideline panel utilized a structured approach to evaluate various treatment options, including corticosteroids, antivirals, and surgical interventions.
  • Strong recommendations are made for using systemic standard-dose corticosteroids, while other treatments are recommended with caution due to varying levels of supporting evidence and disease severity considerations.
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In the new WHO classifications of haematolymphoid tumours (WHO-HAEM5), classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is categorized into B-cell lymphoid proliferations and lymphomas. Although the majority of Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells are of germinal center B-cell origin with some defects of B-cell transcription factors, they rarely express T-cell antigens or cytotoxic molecules. Clonality analyses on cHL samples using BIOMED-2 have been reported by several groups; however, those studies were only focused on Ig regions, including IgH, Ig-kappa, and Ig-lambda, and TCR-γ clonality analysis of cHL has not yet been explored.

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Duodenal type follicular lymphoma (DFL), a rare entity of follicular lymphoma (FL), is clinically indolent and is characterized by a low histological grade compared with nodal follicular lymphoma (NFL). Our previous reports revealed that DFL shares characteristics of both NFL and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma in terms of clinical and biological aspects, suggesting its pathogenesis may involve antigenic stimulation. In contrast to NFL, the genomic methylation status of DFL is still challenging.

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  • This study aimed to determine if cytokine profiles from whole-blood stimulation can effectively distinguish between latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and active pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB).
  • The research involved 78 participants in the Philippines, examining various MTB antigens and measuring cytokine levels, revealing significant differences across the groups.
  • Results suggest that specific combinations of cytokines could help differentiate between LTBI and active PTB, marking a potential advancement in tuberculosis diagnostics.
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Objectives: It is well known that low educational attainment is associated with cognitive function decline in older age. Childhood book availability may help to preserve cognitive function in older adults with low education. The study objective was to examine the association between childhood book availability and cognitive function among older adults with low educational attainment, and to investigate the mediating effect of the volume of reading-related brain regions (e.

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The diagnostic accuracy rate of live videoconferencing (LVC) teledermatology, by board-certified dermatologists compared to non-dermatologists has not yet been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of board-certified dermatologists, dermatology specialty trainees, and board-certified internists in LVC teledermatology. We examined the diagnostic accuracy of clinicians from different specialties in diagnosing the same group of patients.

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  • - This study investigates the in vivo dynamics of mobile medial pivot-type total knee arthroplasty (MMPTKA) during both weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing activities, aiming to improve understanding of knee mechanics after surgery.
  • - Ten knees undergoing MMPTKA were analyzed through radiographs taken under anesthesia and through motion observation during squatting, revealing significant differences in knee kinematics between relaxed and active states.
  • - Results indicate that the kinematics of the knee components are greatly affected by muscle contractions and loading, highlighting the femoral component's considerable posterior translation and external rotation during anesthesia, which aids in achieving a better range of motion post-surgery.
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Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a novel approach that enhanced diagnostic accuracy in the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early Alzheimer's disease (AD) using cerebral perfusion SPECT by minimizing artifacts caused by cerebral atrophy.

Materials And Methods: [Tc]-ECD and SPECT studies were performed on 15 cognitively normal patients, 40 patients with MCI, and 16 patients with AD. SPECT images were compared using SPM.

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Objective: To analyse the impact of histological discordance of subtypes (subtypes or divergent differentiation [DD]) in specimens from transurethral resection (TUR) and radical cystectomy (RC) on the outcome of the patients with bladder cancer receiving RC.

Patients And Methods: We analysed data for 2570 patients from a Japanese nationwide cohort with bladder cancer treated with RC between January 2013 and December 2019 at 36 institutions. The non-urinary tract recurrence-free survival (NUTR-FS) and overall survival (OS) stratified by TUR or RC specimen histology were determined.

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Sudden unexpected death in the young (SUDY) is a traumatic occurrence for their family; however, information on the genetic variations associated with the condition is currently lacking. It is important to carry out postmortem genetic analyses in cases of sudden death to provide information for relatives and to allow appropriate genetic counselling and clinical follow-up. This study aimed to investigate the genetic variations associated with the occurrence of SUDY in Japan, using next-generation sequencing (NGS).

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In head and neck reconstructions, venous anastomosis of the free flap to the internal jugular vein system is a common procedure. However, in some cases, postoperative complications such as internal jugular vein thrombosis can occur. In this report, we present a case where postoperative internal jugular vein thrombosis was identified after venous anastomosis of the free flap to the internal jugular vein system.

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  • Endometriosis is linked to a higher risk of certain types of ovarian cancer, but its connection to endometrial cancer is not clear; this study investigates that link.
  • Researchers analyzed medical records of 720 women with endometrial cancer, focusing on 101 with endometriosis and 619 without it, revealing that those with endometriosis were generally younger and had fewer pregnancies and deliveries.
  • Notably, women with endometrial cancer and endometriosis were more often diagnosed at an earlier stage and had a higher rate of concurrent ovarian cancer, highlighting a significant clinical relationship.
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  • The study investigates the effectiveness of using a three-dimensional (3D) method to measure varus/valgus stability in postoperative stress X-rays during robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (rTKA).
  • It involved analyzing 52 patients to assess the precision and reproducibility of 3D measurements compared to traditional two-dimensional techniques, focusing on various stress conditions on the knee.
  • Results indicated that the 3D method demonstrated high accuracy, with less than 1° mean differences in measurements, and showed that rTKAs maintain good varus/valgus stability post-surgery.
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The morphology of the femoral posterior condyle affects the external rotation of the femur.

J Exp Orthop

November 2023

Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Science, 1-757 Asahimachi-Dori Chuo-Ku, Niigata, Japan.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to the external rotation of the femur during knee flexion.

Methods: Three-dimensional (3D) digital models of the femur and tibia were reconstructed from computed tomography images of 41 healthy Japanese subjects. Thirteen parameters related to femoral and tibial morphology and alignment of the lower extremities were evaluated, including the inclination angle of the posterior lateral and medial femoral condyles, the ratio of the medial and lateral posterior condyle radii approximated as spheres, the spherical condylar angle, the posterior condylar angle, the medial and lateral posterior tibial slope, the difference of medial and lateral posterior tibial slope, the tibiofemoral rotation angle, the 3D femorotibial angle, the 3D hip-knee-ankle angle, and the passing point of the weight-bearing line (medial-lateral and anterior-posterior).

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Background: Although concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) followed by durvalumab is the standard treatment for patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), only half of the patients are allowed to receive CCRT in real-world settings. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of durvalumab after radiation monotherapy for NSCLC patients who are ineligible for chemoradiotherapy.

Methods: A single-arm, prospective, open-label, multicenter phase II trial was conducted in Japan.

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Background: In the phase III JAVELIN Renal 101 trial, first-line avelumab + axitinib improved progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate versus sunitinib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma across all International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium (IMDC) risk groups (favorable, intermediate, and poor); analyses of overall survival (OS) remain immature. Here, we report post hoc analyses of efficacy from the third interim analysis (data cut-off, April 2020) by the numbers of IMDC risk factors and target tumor sites at baseline.

Methods: Efficacy endpoints assessed were PFS, objective response, and best overall response per investigator assessment (RECIST v1.

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Background: There are reports of mothers being diagnosed with inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) via positive newborn screening (NBS) of their newborns. Mothers with IEM are often considered to have mild cases of little pathological significance. Based in Niigata Prefecture, this study aimed to investigate mothers newly diagnosed with IEM via positive NBS in their newborns using tandem mass spectrometry, and to clarify the disease frequency and severity.

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Introduction: Controlling pulmonary complex (MAC) disease is difficult because there is no way to know the clinical stage accurately. There have been few attempts to use cell-mediated immunity for diagnosing the stage. The objective of this study was to characterize cytokine profiles of CD4+T and CD19+B cells that recognize various -associated antigens in different clinical stages of MAC.

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  • The 2023 update of the "Clinical Practice Guidelines for tuberous sclerosis complex-associated renal angiomyolipoma" addresses new clinical issues that have emerged since the last version in 2016.
  • This update was collaboratively developed by the Japanese Urological Association and the Japanese Society of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex, adhering to specific guidelines for treatment guideline creation.
  • The guidelines consist of 14 sections, covering background, clinical, and future questions, with recommendations based on evidence and member votes, aimed at enhancing treatment practices for affected patients.
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