Epidemiologic Profile of Type-Specific Human Papillomavirus Infection after Initiation of HPV Vaccination.

Organized human papillomavirus vaccination (OHPV) in Japan was introduced in 2010 for girls aged 12-16 years who were born in 1994 or later. The rate of OHPV coverage was 70-80%. However, after suspension of the government vaccination recommendation, the coverage dramatically decreased.

Species-function relationships shape ecological properties of the human gut microbiome.

Despite recent progress, the organization and ecological properties of the intestinal microbial ecosystem remain under-investigated. Here, using a manually curated metabolic module framework for (meta-)genomic data analysis, we studied species-function relationships in gut microbial genomes and microbiomes. Half of gut-associated species were found to be generalists regarding overall substrate preference, but we observed significant genus-level metabolic diversification linked to bacterial life strategies.

Multiple carcinoids in the duodenum, pancreas and stomach accompanied with type A gastritis: a case report.

We report a case of multiple duodenal, pancreatic, and gastric carcinoids. A 67-year old woman was admitted to our hospital for treatment of a duodenal carcinoid. Laboratory tests revealed that the patient was associated with macrocytic anemia and hypergastrinemia, and type A gastritis was shown by gastrofiberscopy.

Severe gastrointestinal involvement in paraneoplastic pemphigus.

Paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) is an autoimmune mucocutaneous disease, associated with neoplasia, which has characteristic clinical, histological and immunological features. While respiratory epithelial involvement has been described in several cases, lesions in the colon epithelium have never been reported. We describe a 57-year-old Japanese woman with PNP who had many aphthae-like erosions on the colon epithelium, in addition to typical mucocutaneous PNP lesions.

Repeating intraportal donor-specific transfusion may induce tolerance following adult living-related donor liver transplantation.

Background/aims: Oral or portal administration of allogeneic antigens downregulates the alloimmune response and prolongs graft survival following organ transplantation. However, the effect of donor-specific transfusion via the portal vein has been reported in rodent models, but has not been reported in human cases. We investigated whether donor-specific transfusion via the portal vein would bring up the clinical and immunological benefits in living-related donor liver transplantation.