Peritoneal lavage cytology in patients with curative resection for stage II and III colorectal cancer: A multi-institutional prospective study.

Aim: To clarify the usefulness of intraoperative lavage cytology in patients undergoing curative resection for pStage II-III colorectal cancer in a prospective multicenter study.

Methods: Patients preoperatively diagnosed with stage II-III colorectal cancer between 2013 and 2017 from 20 hospitals were enrolled. Lavage cytology was performed twice during the surgery.

Successful treatment with nivolumab in a patient with unresectable oral squamous cell carcinoma following ineffective chemoradiotherapy.

Key Clinical Message: Nivolumab has been clinically successful in prolonging the overall survival of patients with recurrent and metastatic head and neck cancer, complete remission is rare. Synergistic combinations of immunotherapy and conventional cancer treatments, such as radiotherapy or chemotherapy, are likely to be the most viable strategies for improving patient responses.

Abstract: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized recurrent, metastatic oral cancer treatment; however complete remission in advanced stages is unusual.

Engineering of bioactive nanocomplexes on dental floss for targeted gingival therapy.

Periodontitis induced by chronic subgingival infection is a ubiquitous disease that causes systemic inflammatory consequences and poses a negative impact on quality of life. The disease is treated and potentially prevented by patient's self-care aimed at eliminating the oral pathogens from the region. Currently available products for interdental self-care, including dental floss and interdental brush, have limited ability to prevent the disease.

Current clinical practice for familial adenomatous polyposis in Japan: A nationwide multicenter study.

Introduction: In Japanese patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), colectomy tends to be postponed or avoided.

Aim: This study aimed to clarify the current clinical practice from a Japanese multicenter cohort study database.

Methods: We analyzed the records of 250 patients with non-dense FAP who did not require colorectal cancer removal.

Correlation Between the Japanese Version of the High Bleeding Risk (J-HBR) Criteria and the PRECISE-DAPT Score, and Optimal J-HBR Cut-Off Score to Predict Major Bleeding.

The correlation between the Japanese version of high bleeding risk (J-HBR) criteria and the Predicting Bleeding Complications in Patients Undergoing Stent Implantation and Subsequent Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (PRECISE-DAPT) score is unknown, as is the relationship of both risk scores with ischemic events. This study enrolled 842 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between January 2016 and December 2020. The 2 bleeding risk scores at the time of PCI and the subsequent risk of bleeding and ischemic events over a 1-year follow-up were examined.

The usefulness of OK-432 for the treatment of postoperative chylothorax in a low-birth-weight infant with trisomy 18.

Chylothorax is a rare but life-threatening condition in neonates. We herein report the successful use of OK-432 for a low-birth-weight infant with trisomy 18 who developed refractory chylothorax after thoracic surgery. Increasing the concentration of OK-432 seems useful in cases with a lot of pleural effusion.

Usefulness of Repeat Angiography to Establish Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection in Small Vessels.

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare disease that is often misdiagnosed, except in typical cases. Although intracoronary imaging and multislice coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) are useful in establishing dissection, they may not be feasible in all instances, especially in small vessels. We describe a series of 7 patients with acute coronary syndrome secondary to small vessel SCAD that was detected only upon repeat coronary angiography (CAG).

Screening and follow-up of chronic liver diseases with understanding their etiology in clinics and hospitals.

Background And Aim: Considering the increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the development of an effective screening and follow-up system that enables the recognition of etiological changes by primary physicians in clinics and specialists in hospitals is required.

Methods: Chronic hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV), NASH, and alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) patients who were assayed for Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) ( = 272) and underwent magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) ( = 119) were enrolled. Patients who underwent MRE were also tested by ultrasound elastography (USE) ( = 80) and for M2BPGi ( = 97), autotaxin (ATX) ( = 62), and platelet count ( = 119), and their fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index was calculated ( = 119).

MerTK Expression and ERK Activation Are Essential for the Functional Maturation of Osteopontin-Producing Reparative Macrophages After Myocardial Infarction.

Background We previously reported that osteopontin plays an essential role in accelerating both reparative fibrosis and clearance of dead cells (efferocytosis) during tissue repair after myocardial infarction (MI) and galectin-3CD206 macrophages is the main source of osteopontin in post-MI heart. Interleukin-10- STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3)-galectin-3 axis is essential for (encoding osteopontin) transcriptional activation in cardiac macrophages after MI. Here, we investigated the more detailed mechanism responsible for functional maturation of osteopontin-producing macrophages.

Genetic analysis in the clinical management of biliary tract cancer.

Biliary tract cancer (BTC) is clinically and pathologically heterogeneous and responds inadequately to treatment. A small section of patients develop resectable disease, although the relapse rates are high; the benefits of adjuvant capecitabine chemotherapy for BTC are now understood, and gemcitabine-based combination chemotherapy is the first line of therapeutic strategy for BTC; however, alternative therapy for BTC is not known. Genomic profiling can provide detailed information regarding the carcinogenesis, identification, and therapy for BTC.

Development and characterisation of NKp44-based chimeric antigen receptors that confer T cells with NK cell-like specificity.

Objectives: One of the reasons as to why chimeric antigen receptors (CAR)-T cell therapy for malignancies other than CD19- or BCMA-positive tumors has yet to produce remarkable progress is the paucity of targetable antigens. NKp44 is only expressed by activated natural killer cells and detects a variety of transformed cells, while it reportedly does not react with normal tissues. The aim of this study is to develop CAR-T cell that can target multiple types of tumor cells.

Antiprogramed cell death-1 therapy with microspheres for metastatic liver tumors.

Anti-programmed cell death-1 therapy with microspheres is an effective treatment for metastatic liver tumors.

Preoperative periodontal treatment and its effects on postoperative infection in cardiac valve surgery.

Objectives: Oral infection control is important for patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement (CVR) as prophylaxis for postoperative complications. This study examined the changes in oral health status by preoperative periodontal treatment and its effects on postsurgical complications in CVR patients.

Material And Methods: We recruited 64 patients undergoing CVR who received preoperative periodontal treatment at our hospital as the intervention group and retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 38 patients who had undergone CVR surgery without dental intervention as the control group.

An adult case of atypical familial Mediterranean fever (pyrin-associated autoinflammatory disease) similar to adult-onset Still's disease.

We present a 55-year-old woman with periodic fever and symptoms similar to adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD). She had a heterogeneous mutation of the gene and colchicine was effective. Atypical familial Mediterranean fever (pyrin-associated autoinflammatory disease) should be considered in patients with periodic fever accompanied by symptoms similar to AOSD.

The number of remaining teeth as a risk indicator of cognitive impairment: A cross-sectional clinical study in Sado Island.

Most studies that have demonstrated an association between number of remaining teeth and cognitive impairment have treated teeth as a continuous variable, although the relationship is nonlinear. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the critical number of remaining teeth in hospital outpatients at which the association with cognitive impairment becomes apparent. Japanese adults living on Sado Island who visited Sado General Hospital were invited to participate in Project in Sado for Total Health.