[Factors associated with cancer risk perception among high school sophomores: an analysis of national survey data based on a cancer education logic model to promote cancer control].

Objective　Using a nationwide survey of cancer education outcomes that contribute to cancer control, this study aimed to determine the short-term outcomes of cancer education associated with students' perceptions of cancer risk.Methods　An online survey was administered to second-year high school students between September and December 2022. The participants were asked about two basic attributes and 33 short-term outcome measures, as shown in the cancer education logic model.

[The effects of role stressors on anxiety, depression, and subjective well-being through primary appraisals].

Objective　This study investigated the effects of role stressors on anxiety, depression, and subjective well-being (SWB), emphasizing primary appraisal.Methods　A web-based survey was conducted with 2,000 full-time employees in November 2023. The sample included 1,093 males and 907 females aged 20-64 years (mean (M)＝43.

Association between burnout and job-quitting intentions among public health center staff during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide survey in Japan.

Objective　The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has imposed considerable stress on public health centers (PHCs) in Japan, raising concerns over staff burnout and intention to quit. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between burnout and job-quitting intention among PHC staff members and estimated the prevalence of burnout and job-quitting intentions among these staff members.Methods　This study employed a cross-sectional design.

[Development of a Risk Prediction Model and a Simple Assessment Sheet for Screening Undernutrition Using Factors Related to Food Environment Accessibility among Older Adults Living Alone in Semi-mountainous Areas].

Objectives: In addition to an aging population, the number of single-person households is increasing in semi-mountainous areas. The nutritional status of older adults living alone has also been studied as they are prone to undernutrition. In this study, we aimed to develop a risk prediction model and a simple assessment sheet for screening undernutrition using factors related to food environment accessibility among older adults living alone in semi-mountainous areas.

Prophylactic Clip Closure in Preventing Delayed Bleeding After Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection on anticoagulants: A multicenter retrospective cohort study in Japan.

Background And Study Aims: Prophylactic clip closure after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) among patients on anticoagulants is of uncertain effectiveness in reducing delayed bleeding (DB) risk. We aimed to assess the effect of prophylactic clip closure in preventing DB after colorectal ESD among patients on anticoagulants.

Patients And Methods: We used the ABCD-J study database, a large-scale multicenter study analyzing DB among 34,455 colorectal ESD cases from 47 Japanese institutions.

Long-term benefit of SGLT2 inhibitors to prevent heart failure hospitalization in patients with diabetes, with potential time-varying benefit.

SGLT2 inhibitors show promise in reducing hospitalization for heart failure in diabetics, but their long-term effects and time-dependency remain unclear. We conducted a retrospective nested case-control study within a large type 2 diabetic cohort (n = 11,209) using electronic health records. Cases (heart failure hospitalization, n = 352) were matched to controls (n = 1372) based on age, sex, cohort entry date, and diabetes duration.

Growth regulation bringing modularity to morphogenesis of complex three-dimensional exoskeletons.

Diverse three-dimensional morphologies of arthropods' outgrowths, including beetle horns, are formed through the non-uniform growth of epidermis. Prior to moulting, epidermal tissue peels off from the old cuticle and grows non-uniformly to shape protruding structures, which are often branching, curving or twisting, from the planar epidermis. This non-uniform growth is possibly regulated by the distribution of morphogens on the epidermal cell sheet.

Improved prognosis of de novo metastatic prostate cancer after an introduction of life-prolonging agents for castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Background: In Japan, since 2014, new treatments such as androgen receptor signaling inhibitors and cabazitaxel have become applicable for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), leading to dramatic changes in treatment options.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the impact of recent advancements in treatment options on the overall survival (OS) of patients diagnosed with de novo metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) in Japan.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 2450 Japanese men diagnosed with de novo mCSPC between 2008 and 2018.

Spin coherence phenomena of an = 1/2 copper(II) system in a polyoxometalate with a less-abundant nuclear spin.

The spin coherence phenomena of a system consisting of a mononuclear 3d transition metal = 1/2 centre embedded in a polyoxometalate with low nuclear-spin abundance, [(-CH)N]H[SiWOCuZn], have been revealed for the first time. Variable-temperature Hahn-echo experiments using the pulsed electron spin resonance technique showed that its coherence lifetime remains at the submicrosecond level even above 100 K.

A case report of familial catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia with a novel mutation in the ryanodine receptor 2.

Background: Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is suspected by clinical characteristics involving fatal arrhythmic events in childhood and adolescence. On the other hand, genetic testing is also important because the mutation site in the specific genes of CPVT is related to the risk of ventricular arrhythmias and gene penetrance.

Case Summary: We present a case of a 15-year-old male with a familial history of CPVT and a history of syncope at the age of 5.

Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) to Assess Infection Complications During the Acute Phase of Acute Pancreatitis.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) severity is correlated with systemic infection incidence in the acute phase, and it is important to assess inflammation during the disease course and to recognize infection at an early stage. As in sepsis, inflammation in AP impairs tissue oxygen metabolism and disrupts microcirculation. We performed a vascular occlusion test (VOT) via near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), which noninvasively monitors local oxygen in peripheral tissues, to evaluate tissue oxygen metabolism and blood circulation during the acute AP phase.

Sarcomere gene variants did not improve cardiac function in pediatric patients with dilated cardiomyopathy from Japanese cohorts.

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by impaired cardiac contraction and ventricular dilation. However, some patients with DCM improve when experiencing left ventricular reverse remodeling (LVRR). Currently, the detailed association between genotypes and clinical outcomes, including LVRR, particularly among children, remains uncertain.

A practice-oriented genome-profiling study for acute myeloid leukemia using the novel HANDLE system: HM-screen-JAPAN02.

HM-SCREEN-Japan is a multicenter collaborative project in Japan to evaluate the clinical utility of a cancer genome panel in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The HM-SCREEN-JAPAN02 study used the Amoy Myeloid Panel with the HANDLE system, which enables efficient and rapid sequencing, as the genomic testing kit. The Amoy Myeloid Panel targets 53 genes with established clinical significance or high prevalence.

Draft genome sequences of three xerophilic section species isolated from house dust in Japan.

We present the nuclear and complete mitochondrial genome sequences of NBRC 116038, NBRC 116037, and NBRC 115547, all isolated from house dust in Japan. These sequence data are crucial for elucidating the evolutionary characteristics of section , a unique taxon comprising exclusively xerophilic species.

Reconsideration of the horizontal tube-shifting technique in the intraoral radiography of maxillary molars.

Objective: The horizontal tube-shifting technique can be adopted to separate overlapping buccal roots of the maxillary molar from the palatal root. A simulation study was performed to determine an appropriate tube-shift angulation when adopting three-dimensional computed tomography imaging.

Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography images of 21 volunteers were used for simulation.

[Attempt to Improve MIP Image of Cerebrovascular MRA by Subtraction Method: Efficient Acquisition of Mask Images Using Segmented TOF and Compressed Sensing].

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate imaging conditions that allow for the rapid acquisition of mask images used in the subtraction method, one of the depiction improvement methods for brain magnetic resonance angiography, by employing compressed sensing (CS) combined with segmented time-of-flight (TOF).

Methods: The experiment was performed on healthy volunteers using 3.0T-MRI.

Outcome of osimertinib-treated patients with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation-positive nonsmall cell lung cancer requiring dose reduction: a secondary analysis of the Reiwa study.

Background: Osimertinib is effective in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, some patients require osimertinib dose reduction because of adverse events. This study assessed the characteristics of osimertinib dose reduction and compared the efficacies of reduced-dose and regular-dose osimertinib.

Role of trigeminal ganglion satellite glial cells in masseter muscle pain hypersensitivity.

Objectives: The underlying mechanism of masseter muscle pain hypersensitivity by sustained masseter muscle contraction (SMMC) is not well understood. This study aimed to examine whether the activation of satellite glial cells in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) contributes to masseter muscle pain hypersensitivity induced by SMMC.

Methods: Electrodes were placed on the masseter muscle fascia of rats to induce strong contractions, by daily electrical stimulation.

Achieving reduced radiation exposure with maintained fluoroscopy effectiveness using ultralow-dose settings in cryoballoon ablation.

Background And Aims: Optimization of fluoroscopic image quality for reducing radiation exposure in cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation (CB-PVI) has not yet been fully investigated. Therefore, we tried to compare the radiation doses among three different X-ray system settings.

Methods: Consecutive 148 patients scheduled for their first CB-PVI were prospectively enrolled: low dose with the use of an anti-scatter grid for the first 51 patients (LD + G group), low dose without an anti-scatter grid for the subsequent 46 patients (LD-G group), and ultralow dose (ULD group) with an anti-scatter grid for the remaining 51 patients.

Workflow of the zero-fluoro pulsed field ablation.

Background: Zero-fluoroscopic pulsed field ablation (PFA) is the next step in advancing pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods: A workflow incorporating a variable-loop circular PFA catheter, intracardiac echocardiography (ICE), and a visualized sheath was applied to 15 paroxysmal AF patients.

Results: It consisted of three steps: (1) positioning a non-magnetic mapping catheter in the coronary sinus after creating a right atrial matrix, (2) transseptal puncture with the sheath advancement to the left atrium under ICE guidance, and (3) PFA confirming catheter-tissue contact with tissue proximity indication.

The cortical areas processing periodontal ligament nociception in mice.

Objectives: Toothaches are often poorly localized. Although periodontal pain is better localized, it can spread to other areas. Ultimately, the cerebral cortex processes nociception, with somatotopic organization possibly playing a role in localizing the origin.

Application of 4'--α-aminoethoxy-2'--methyl-5-propynyl-uridine for antisense therapeutics.

Owing to the increased public interest and advances in chemical modifications, the approval of antisense therapeutics, a class of mRNA-targeting DNA-based oligonucleotide therapeutics, has accelerated in recent years. It was previously reported that siRNAs with several 4'--α-aminoethoxy-2'--methyl-uridine (4AEoU) analogs could maintain moderate thermal stability similar to the native ones while showing robust nuclease stability. In this study, we further expanded the application of 4AEo modification to antisense therapeutics and achieved superior thermal stability by adding the uracil 5-propynyl modification.