Climate change and epilepsy: Time to take action.

Climate change is the biggest challenge facing humanity today. The associated global warming and humidification, increases in the severity and frequency of extreme climate events, extension of the ranges of vector-borne diseases, and the consequent social and economic stresses and disruption will have major negative consequences on many aspects of health care. People whose resilience to change is already impaired may suffer disproportionately from these environmental changes, which are of unprecedented reach and magnitude.

Understanding the perspectives of care home managers when managing care of residents living with frailty.

Identification of frailty is an increasingly prominent concept in healthcare policy that drives access to services and support, and frailty is common amongst care home residents. Care home managers play a central role in facilitating residents' access to healthcare, but utility and relevance of the term 'frailty' for care home managers, is unknown. In this exploratory qualitative study we used semistructured interviews to explore care home managers' perspectives of frailty and how that understanding influences residents' care.

What can a comparative genomics approach tell us about the pathogenicity of mtDNA mutations in human populations?

Mitochondrial disorders are heterogeneous, showing variable presentation and penetrance. Over the last three decades, our ability to recognize mitochondrial patients and diagnose these mutations, linking genotype to phenotype, has greatly improved. However, it has become increasingly clear that these strides in diagnostics have not benefited all population groups.

Standards for European training requirements in interventional neuroradiology : Guidelines by the Division of Neuroradiology/Section of Radiology European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS), in cooperation with the Division of Interventional Radiology/UEMS, the European Society of Neuroradiology (ESNR), and the European Society of Minimally Invasive Neurological Therapy (ESMINT).

This document sets out standards for training in Interventional Neuroradiology (INR) in Europe. These standards have been developed by a working group of the European Society of Neuroradiology (ESNR) and the European Society of Minimally Invasive Neurological Therapy (ESMINT) on the initiative and under the umbrella of the Division of Neuroradiology/Section of Radiology of the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS).

The influence of different aspects of grouse moorland management on nontarget bird assemblages.

Conflict between stakeholders with opposing interests can hamper biodiversity conservation. When conflicts become entrenched, evidence from applied ecology can reveal new ways forward for their management. In particular, where disagreement exists over the efficacy or ethics of management actions, research clarifying the uncertain impacts of management on wildlife can move debates forwards to conciliation.

Ataluren use in patients with nonsense mutation Duchenne muscular dystrophy: patient demographics and characteristics from the STRIDE Registry.

Strategic Targeting of Registries and International Database of Excellence (STRIDE) is an ongoing, multicenter registry providing real-world evidence regarding ataluren use in patients with nonsense mutation Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) in clinical practice (NCT02369731). Here, we describe the initial demographic characteristics of the registry population. Patients will be followed up from enrollment for ≥5 years or until study withdrawal.

Genetic Polymorphisms Implicated in Nonalcoholic Liver Disease or Selected Other Disorders Have No Influence on Drug-Induced Liver Injury.

With the application of genetic testing to contemporary medical diagnostics and practice, it has become apparent that the phenotypes of many disorders are modulated by host genetic factors. The aim of the current study was to determine whether selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) unrelated to the human leukocyte antigen region or other immune pathways, including those associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), may influence development, severity, or outcomes of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Thirteen variants previously associated with NAFLD and/or selected other liver diseases were tested in 832 Caucasian DILI cases and 10,397 Caucasian population controls.

Synoptic-Scale Precursors of Extreme U.K. Summer 3-Hourly Rainfall.

The synoptic-scale meteorological conditions leading up to the 30 most extreme subdaily summer rain events for two regions of the United Kingdom (northwest and southeast) were examined for the period 1979-2013. Using a recently available, quality controlled, national hourly rain gauge data set, we were able to identify extreme 3-hr rainfall accumulations that may be indicative of flash flooding. Composites of the state of the atmosphere leading up to these dates were produced to investigate synoptic-scale processes, thus potentially allowing for them to be identified in coarse resolution reanalyses and in climate models.

Mitochondrial Migraine: Disentangling the angiopathy paradigm in m.3243A>G patients.

Migraine, characterized by recurrent attacks of predominantly unilateral throbbing headache, affects approximately 15% of the adult population and is an important cause of disability worldwide. Knowledge required for the development of new classes of antimigraine drugs might come from studying rare metabolic diseases associated with migraine. An illustrative example of a monogenetic disorder associated with migraine is the spectrum of disorders caused by the m.

New scaling relations to compute atom-in-material polarizabilities and dispersion coefficients: part 1. Theory and accuracy.

Polarizabilities and London dispersion forces are important to many chemical processes. Force fields for classical atomistic simulations can be constructed using atom-in-material polarizabilities and C ( = 6, 8, 9, 10…) dispersion coefficients. This article addresses the key question of how to efficiently assign these parameters to constituent atoms in a material so that properties of the whole material are better reproduced.

Natural history of limb girdle muscular dystrophy R9 over 6 years: searching for trial endpoints.

Objective: Limb girdle muscular dystrophy type R9 (LGMD R9) is an autosomal recessive muscle disease for which there is currently no causative treatment. The development of putative therapies requires sensitive outcome measures for clinical trials in this slowly progressing condition. This study extends functional assessments and MRI muscle fat fraction measurements in an LGMD R9 cohort across 6 years.

Scale-up and Sustainability Evaluation of Biopolymer Production from Citrus Waste Offering Carbon Capture and Utilisation Pathway.

Poly(limonene carbonate) (PLC) has been highlighted as an attractive substitute to petroleum derived plastics, due to its utilisation of CO and bio-based limonene as feedstocks, offering an effective carbon capture and utilisation pathway. Our study investigates the techno-economic viability and environmental sustainability of a novel process to produce PLC from citrus waste derived limonene, coupled with an anaerobic digestion process to enable energy cogeneration and waste recovery maximisation. Computational process design was integrated with a life cycle assessment to identify the sustainability improvement opportunities.

Scale-up and Sustainability Evaluation of Biopolymer Production from Citrus Waste Offering Carbon Capture and Utilisation Pathway.

Invited for this month's cover picture is the group of Dr Miao Guo from Department of Chemical Engineering at the Imperial College London (UK). The cover picture shows modelling research on the co-polymerisation of waste-sourced limonene oxide with CO to produce poly(limonene carbonate), which offers a sustainable pathway to achieve carbon capture and utilisation. A computational approach to process design was integrated with sustainability evaluation to model this synthetic pathway and identify the environmental-damaging and performance-limiting steps for further improvement.

Genetic population structure and demography of an apex predator, the tiger shark .

Population genetics has been increasingly applied to study large sharks over the last decade. Whilst large shark species are often difficult to study with direct methods, improved knowledge is needed for both population management and conservation, especially for species vulnerable to anthropogenic and climatic impacts. The tiger shark, , is an apex predator known to play important direct and indirect roles in tropical and subtropical marine ecosystems.

Cognitive deficits in adult m.3243A>G- and m.8344A>G-related mitochondrial disease: importance of correcting for baseline intellectual ability.

Objective: To determine the cognitive profile of adult patients with mitochondrial disease, and the effect of disease severity on cognition.

Methods: Using a prospective case-control design, we compared cognition of patients to normative data and to matched controls, assessed three times over 18 months. Forty-nine patients with m.

Modelling serial clustering and inter-annual variability of European winter windstorms based on large-scale drivers.

Winter windstorms are known to be among the most dangerous and loss intensive natural hazards in Europe. In order to gain a better understanding of their variability and driving mechanisms, this study analyses the temporal variability which is often referred to as serial or seasonal clustering. This is realized by developing a statistical model relating the winter storm counts to known teleconnection patterns affecting European weather and climate conditions (e.

Nucleotide-derived theranostic nanodots with intrinsic fluorescence and singlet oxygen generation for bioimaging and photodynamic therapy.

Nucleic acids are important molecules of life and have recently emerged as important functional materials to synthesize, organize and assemble inorganic nanoparticles for various technological applications. In this study, we have systematically investigated the four basic nucleotides of DNA as precursors to form fluorescent nucleotide derived biodots (N-dots) with unique singlet oxygen generation properties by one-pot hydrothermal synthesis. It has been discovered for the first time that the nitrogenous base adenine accounts for the bright fluorescence, while the sugar and phosphate groups of the nucleotide endow the N-dots with good photo-stability.

Leigh syndrome caused by mutations in is associated with a better prognosis.

Objectives: Mitochondrial methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase (MTFMT) is required for the initiation of translation and elongation of mitochondrial protein synthesis Pathogenic variants in have been associated with Leigh syndrome (LS) and mitochondrial multiple respiratory chain deficiencies. We sought to elucidate the spectrum of clinical, neuroradiological and molecular genetic findings of patients with bi-allelic pathogenic variants in .

Methods: Retrospective cohort study combining new cases and previously published cases.

Quantification of coronary artery disease using different modalities of cardiopulmonary exercise testing.

Background: This study examined the accuracy of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) on a treadmill (TM) and recumbent ergometry (RE) in the predicting coronary artery disease (CAD) severity and prognosis.

Methods: Forty Caucasian subjects, mean age 63.5 ± 7.

A Randomized, Controlled, Phase 2 Study of Maralixibat in the Treatment of Itching Associated With Primary Biliary Cholangitis.

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is typically associated with elevated serum bile acid levels and pruritus, but pruritus is often refractory to treatment with existing therapies. This phase 2 study assessed the efficacy and safety of maralixibat, a selective, ileal, apical, sodium-dependent, bile acid transporter inhibitor, in adults with PBC and pruritus. Adults with PBC and pruritus who had received ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) for ≥6 months or were intolerant to UDCA were randomized 2:1 to maralixibat (10 or 20 mg/day) or placebo for 13 weeks in combination with UDCA (when tolerated).

Nutritional and sensory quality of composite extruded complementary food.

Complementary foods in Ethiopia have nutritional and sensory limitations which can be attributed to cereal-dominated ingredients and lack of appropriate processing techniques. This study aimed to optimize the nutritional and sensory quality of complementary food product through compositing and extrusion of various local ingredients. A constrained D-optimal mixture experiment with 13 runs was designed.

Cognitive Decline in Older Patients With Non- ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Background Dementia is a growing health burden of an aging population. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of cognitive impairment and the predictors of cognitive decline at 1 year in older patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome undergoing invasive care. Methods and Results Older patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome were recruited into the ICON1 study.