A risk-risk tradeoff approach for incorporating the public's risk perceptions into quantitative microbial risk assessment.

In public health, risk experts often define acceptable risk targets without community input. We developed a novel method for applying behavioral microeconomics to integrate individuals' risk preferences into risk assessment. To demonstrate this methodology, we explored a risk-risk tradeoff case scenario: increased asthma risk from increased cleaning and disinfection (C&D) and increased infection risk from decreased C&D for healthcare staff.

Bottling it? Consumer responses to less environmentally friendly products: A choice experiment for water in plastic packaging in the UK.

Consumers have several options when confronted with less environmentally friendly packaging like water in single use plastic bottles - they can ignore environmental concerns and proceed with a purchase, refuse to buy any such product, seek out a less damaging version like water in biodegradable bottles, and/or engage in offsetting/compensatory behavior such as donating to a charity. Understanding how consumers value these options is an important academic and management challenge. To address this, a stated choice experiment is employed.

The emotional effect of terrorism.

Terrorism causes emotional reactions among public audiences, with downstream consequences for their well-being, attitudes and policy preferences. We utilise a novel approach which harnesses a unique dataset of Twitter activity from 324K users to precisely capture emotional responses to terrorism. Our results demonstrate that terrorist attacks induce dramatic spikes in various discrete emotions of a negative valence, which vary based on the characteristics of the attacks.

Institutional logics and organizational green transformation: Evidence from the agricultural industry in emerging economies.

While the agricultural green transformation has garnered significant attention on the political stage as a crucial strategy for climate change mitigation and sustainable development, there remains a notable gap in our understanding of the prevailing logics that shape organizational decisions on this change in emerging economies. Drawing on the institutional logics perspective, this study explores the impact of state logic (manifested through green credit policy) and market logic (manifested through analyst attention) on agriculture-related firms' (ARFs') green transformation, as well as the moderating effects of organizational transparency and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) level. Using longitudinal data on 201 publicly listed ARFs in China from 2008 to 2020, we find that both state and market logics exert unique effects on facilitating the green transformation of ARFs.

Beyond profit margins: Orchestrating social, economic, and environmental sustainability within the Norwegian Salmon Food Supply Chain.

Food Supply Chains (FSCs) have become increasingly complex with the average distance between producers and consumers rising considerably in the past two decades. Consequently, FSCs are a major source of carbon emissions and reducing transportation costs a major challenge for businesses. To address this, we present a mathematical model to promote the three core dimensions of sustainability (economic, environmental, and social), based on the Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) method.

The asymmetric effect of global value chain on environmental quality: Implications for environmental management.

This study examines the dynamic relationship between global value chain integration, and carbon emissions, in 57 developing economies from 2000 to 2018. Our results show a multipart link between GVC involvement and carbon emissions. Specifically, forward participation, which involves domestic content in foreign exports, offers the potential to reduce emissions, whereas backward participation, defined by foreign content in domestic exports, typically increases emissions.

Pain experiences during intrauterine device procedures: a thematic analysis of tweets.

Introduction: In June 2021, high-profile testimonials in the media about pain during intrauterine device (IUD) procedures in the UK prompted significant discussion across platforms including Twitter (subsequently renamed X). We examined a sample of Twitter postings (tweets) to gain insight into public perspectives and experiences.

Methods: We harvested tweets posted or retweeted on 21-22 June 2021 which contained the search terms coil, intrauterine system, IUD or intrauterine.

Young people's experiences of physical activity insecurity: a qualitative study highlighting intersectional disadvantage in the UK.

Background: Intersecting socioeconomic and demographic reasons for physical activity (PA) inequalities are not well understood for young people at risk of experiencing marginalisation and living with disadvantage. This study explored young people's experiences of PA in their local area, and the associated impacts on opportunities for good physical and emotional health and wellbeing.

Methods: Seven local youth groups were purposefully sampled from disadvantaged areas across urban, rural and coastal areas of England, including two that were specifically for LGBTQ + young people.

A novel measurement approach to dynamic change of limb length discrepancy using deep learning and wearable sensors.

The accurate identification of dynamic change of limb length discrepancy (LLD) in non-clinical settings is of great significance for monitoring gait function change in people's everyday lives. How to search for advanced techniques to measure LLD changes in non-clinical settings has always been a challenging endeavor in recent related research. In this study, we have proposed a novel approach to accurately measure the dynamic change of LLD outdoors by using deep learning and wearable sensors.

A systematic review of whole disease models for informing healthcare resource allocation decisions.

Background: Whole disease models (WDM) are large-scale, system-level models which can evaluate multiple decision questions across an entire care pathway. Whilst this type of model can offer several advantages as a platform for undertaking economic analyses, the availability and quality of existing WDMs is unknown.

Objectives: This systematic review aimed to identify existing WDMs to explore which disease areas they cover, to critically assess the quality of these models and provide recommendations for future research.

A risk-risk trade-off assessment of climate-induced mortality risk changes.

The impact of climate change on human health was identified as a priority for the UN COP26 conference. In this article, we consider climate-induced changes to mortality risks and how to incorporate these formally in the policy appraisal process. In the United Kingdom (UK), the Value of Statistical Life (VSL) is used to monetarize the benefits of policies to reduce mortality risks but it remains an open, empirical question as to whether the current VSL (£2.

Natural experiments for the evaluation of place-based public health interventions: a methodology scoping review.

Introduction: Place-based public health evaluations are increasingly making use of natural experiments. This scoping review aimed to provide an overview of the design and use of natural experiment evaluations (NEEs), and an assessment of the plausibility of the randomization assumption.

Methods: A systematic search of three bibliographic databases (Pubmed, Web of Science and Ovid-Medline) was conducted in January 2020 to capture publications that reported a natural experiment of a place-based public health intervention or outcome.

Assessing the environmental impacts of renewable energy sources: A case study on air pollution and carbon emissions in China.

This study investigates the impact of renewable and non-renewable energy sources on carbon emissions in the context of China's 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025). The plan emphasises a "Dual-control" strategy of simultaneously setting energy consumption limits and reducing energy intensity for GDP (gross domestic product) in order to meet the targets of the five-year plan. Using a comprehensive dataset of Chinese energy and macroeconomic information spanning from 1990 to 2022, we conduct a Granger causality analysis to explore the relationship between energy sources and the level of air pollution.

Reconfigured professional purpose in times of crisis: Experiences of frontline healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic.

How is professional purpose impacted in the context of a crisis? Building on discussions about professional purpose and identity, the paper explores how the understanding that professionals have about the framing, scope of functioning and aims of their profession is impacted during a time of crisis. The paper draws on interviews with 41 kinesiologists working at an accidents & emergencies (A&E) hospital in Chile during the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper shows professional purpose as a fluid, situated notion that gets re-shaped in light of contextual features.

Exploring the Darkverse: A Multi-Perspective Analysis of the Negative Societal Impacts of the Metaverse.

The Metaverse has the potential to form the next pervasive computing archetype that can transform many aspects of work and life at a societal level. Despite the many forecasted benefits from the metaverse, its negative outcomes have remained relatively unexplored with the majority of views grounded on logical thoughts derived from prior data points linked with similar technologies, somewhat lacking academic and expert perspective. This study responds to the dark side perspectives through informed and multifaceted narratives provided by invited leading academics and experts from diverse disciplinary backgrounds.

A patent-based analysis of the evolution of basic, mission-oriented, and applied research in European universities.

The dynamics of basic and applied research at university and industry have steadily changed since the Eighties, with the private sector reducing its investments in science and universities experiencing significant remodelling in the governance of their funding. While studies have focussed on documenting these changes in industry, less attention has been paid to observe the trajectories of basic and applied research in universities. This work contributes to fill this gap by looking at the evolution of publicly funded research that has been patented by universities between 1978 and 2015.

The Covid-19 outbreak, corporate financial distress and earnings management.

This study explores the association between the Covid-19 outbreak, corporate financial distress and earnings management practices in China. We investigate whether firms took advantage of the downturn in economic conditions during the pandemic to adjust their earnings using different earnings management techniques. Utilising a sample of 1832 listed firms and underlying theoretical frameworks (i.

Who moved my boundary? Strategies adopted by families working from home.

With the increase of remote work after the COVID-19 pandemic, it can be expected that soon a great number of households will consist of more than one teleworker. This raises the question of how to manage work and nonwork boundaries for the collective of household members who work from home. To better understand the adjustment to collective work from home, we examined the experiences of 28 dual-income households with school-age children residing in five countries.

Am I being dehumanized? Development and validation of the experience of dehumanization measurement.

Scholarly interest in the experience of dehumanization, the perception that one is being dehumanized, has increased significantly in recent years, yet the construct lacks a validated measurement. The purpose of this research is therefore to develop and validate a theoretically grounded experience of dehumanization measurement (EDHM) using item response theory. Evidence from five studies using data collected from participants in the United Kingdom (N = 2082) and Spain (N = 1427), shows that (a) a unidimensional structure replicates and fits well; (b) the measurement demonstrates high precision and reliability across a broad range of the latent trait; (c) the measurement demonstrates evidence for nomological and discriminant validity with constructs in the experience of dehumanization nomological network; (d) the measurement is invariant across gender and cultures; (e) the measurement demonstrates incremental validity in the prediction of important outcomes over and above conceptually overlapping constructs and prior measurements.

Impact of a link worker social prescribing intervention on non-elective admitted patient care costs: A quasi-experimental study.

Healthcare systems in many countries are enthusiastically adopting link worker social prescribing interventions that aim to tackle the social determinants of health by linking patients to voluntary and community sector activities and sources of support to address their social needs and improve condition management. Social prescribing interventions aim to improve health and reduce healthcare spending. However, despite the diversion of healthcare budgets to fund social prescribing, we still lack robust evidence for its effectiveness.

The Importance of Corporate Reputation for Sustainable Supply Chains: A Systematic Literature Review, Bibliometric Mapping, and Research Agenda.

Corporate Reputation (CR) is essential to value generation and is co-created between a company and its stakeholders, including supply chain actors. Consequently, CR is a critical and valuable resource that should be managed carefully along supply chains. However, the current CR literature is fragmented, and a general definition of CR is elusive.

How scientists interpret and address funding criteria: value creation and undesirable side effects.

Scientists and funding bodies are interdependent actors involved in an ongoing two-way signalling interaction; however, we lack insight on the social mechanisms underpinning this interaction. To address this issue, we examine how successfully funded scientists interpret and address criteria set by the funding body to maximise their chances of funding success. We also consider the possible adverse side effects that can arise from scientists' competitive efforts to address these criteria.