Chronic Endometritis and Endometriosis: Two Sides of the Same Coin?

Both chronic endometritis and endometriosis are common entities in infertile patients. The association and the co-existence of these two entities are poorly evaluated. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the association between chronic endometritis and endometriosis and to find the prevalence of chronic endometritis in women with endometriosis.

Rethinking speech sound disorder (SSD) in non-syndromic cleft lip and palate: The importance of recognizing phonological and language difficulties.

Background: Children born with cleft palate ± lip (CP ± L) are at risk of speech sound disorder (SSD). Up to 40% continue to have SSD at age 5-6 years. These difficulties are typically described as articulatory in nature and often include cleft speech characteristics (CSC) hypothesized to result from structural differences.

Superior hypophyseal artery aneurysm: microsurgical vs. endovascular treatment.

This study aimed to provide an updated evidence of superior hypophyseal artery (SHA) aneurysms management, including their clinical implications, predictive factors for rupture, therapeutic approaches, and post-treatment outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis, following PRISMA guidelines, assessed the literature on superior hypophyseal artery aneurysms. Studies were selected based on predefined criteria, focusing on coiling and clipping interventions.

Critically ill adult patients with acute leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To describe the use of life-sustaining therapies and mortality in patients with acute leukemia admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: The PubMed database was searched from January 1st, 2000 to July 1st, 2023. All studies including adult critically ill patients with acute leukemia were included.

Antibody responses against influenza A decline with successive years of annual influenza vaccination.

Influenza vaccine effectiveness and immunogenicity can be compromised with repeated vaccination. We assessed immunological markers in a cohort of healthcare workers (HCW) from six public hospitals around Australia during 2020-2021. Sera were collected pre-vaccination and ~14 and ~180 days post-vaccination and assessed in haemagglutination inhibition assay against egg-grown vaccine and equivalent cell-grown viruses.

Nanopore sequencing reveals that DNA replication compartmentalisation dictates genome stability and instability in Trypanosoma brucei.

The Trypanosoma brucei genome is structurally complex. Eleven megabase-sized chromosomes each comprise a transcribed core flanked by silent subtelomeres, housing thousands of Variant Surface Glycoprotein (VSG) genes. Additionally, hundreds of sub-megabase chromosomes contain 177 bp repeats of unknown function, and VSG transcription sites localise to many telomeres.

A macro-transection model of brain trauma for neuromaterial testing with functional electrophysiological readouts.

Functional recovery in penetrating neurological injury is hampered by a lack of clinical regenerative therapies. Biomaterial therapies show promise as medical materials for neural repair through immunomodulation, structural support, and delivery of therapeutic biomolecules. However, a lack of facile and pathology-mimetic models for therapeutic testing is a bottleneck in neural tissue engineering research.

Cigarette smoke components modulate the MR1-MAIT axis.

Tobacco smoking is prevalent across the world and causes numerous diseases. Cigarette smoke (CS) compromises immunity, yet little is known of the components of CS that impact T cell function. MR1 is a ubiquitous molecule that presents bacterial metabolites to MAIT cells, which are highly abundant in the lungs.

Systematic review of amyloid-beta clearance proteins from the brain to the periphery: implications for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and therapeutic targets.

Amyloid-beta clearance plays a key role In the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. However, the variation in functional proteins involved in amyloid-beta clearance and their correlation with amyloid-beta levels remain unclear. In this study, we conducted meta-analyses and a systematic review using studies from the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases, including journal articles published from inception to June 30, 2023.

How can more women with pre-existing type 1 and type 2 diabetes be supported to prepare for pregnancy after a baby loss? A qualitative exploration of lived experiences in the UK.

Objectives: Explore, understand and analyse how women with pre-existing diabetes can be better supported during the inter-pregnancy interval-the time after a baby loss and before a subsequent pregnancy.

Design: Qualitative, semi-structured online interviews took place between November 2020 and July 2021. Data were analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis.

Economic burden of musculoskeletal disorders in Tanzania: results from a community-based survey.

Objectives: To identify, measure and value the economic burden of musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders in the Kilimanjaro region, Tanzania.

Design: Community-based cross-sectional survey (undertaken between January and September 2021).

Setting: Hai district, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.

Improving the adoption of a school-based nutrition program: findings from a collaborative network of randomised trials.

Background: Public health nutrition interventions, including school-based programs, are a recommended approach to improve child dietary behaviours. However, the adoption of effective school-based nutrition programs face numerous challenges, including the limited evidence on effective strategies to maximise implementation and adoption of such programs. This study aimed to address this evidence gap by employing a novel collaborative network trial design to evaluate a series of implementation strategies employed by three NSW Local Health Districts, to improve school adoption of an effective school-based nutrition program ('SWAP IT').

Practice and factors associated with sunlight exposure of infants among mothers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Exposure to sunlight aids in the body's production of vitamin D, guards against rickets, and treats newborn jaundice. In Ethiopia, the magnitude of sunlight exposure practice varies across studies. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the pooled practices and factors associated with sunlight exposure of infants among mothers in Ethiopia.

Newcastle disease virus genotype VII.1.1 identified from backyard chickens with low antibody titer: Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia.

Background: Newcastle disease significantly impacts the global poultry industry and is prevalent in many African countries, including Ethiopia. The objective of this research is to determine the humoral immune response to Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), identify the circulating NDV genotype, and evaluate the correlation between the diagnostic tests used in backyard chickens in the Jimma Zone, southwest Ethiopia.

Methods: A total of 90 swab and blood samples were purposively collected from symptomatic backyard chicken in the period between February and April 2022.

Machine learning outperforms humans in microplastic characterization and reveals human labelling errors in FTIR data.

Microplastics are ubiquitous and appear to be harmful, however, the full extent to which these inflict harm has not been fully elucidated. Analysing environmental sample data is challenging, as the complexity in real data makes both automated and manual analysis either unreliable or time-consuming. To address challenges, we explored a dense feed-forward neural network (DNN) for classifying Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic data.

Identifying public health competencies for Australian pharmacists: A modified Delphi study.

Objective: This study aimed to define a set of competencies for public health-related services and activities for pharmacists in Australia.

Methods: A modified Delphi technique of two rounds was used to gain consensus by public health and pharmacy professionals on a set of public health competency statements for Australian pharmacists.

Results: Delphi panellists agreed on the inclusion of 27 competency statements organised into three domains of health promotion and illness prevention, health protection and population health quality improvement.

A simplified vaccination program elicits an immune response comparable to a complex standard vaccination program in commercial layers under field conditions.

Newcastle disease (ND) is a notifiable avian disease responsible for several panzootics, which has resulted in the establishment of mandatory vaccination programs against the virus in several countries including Denmark. This study compared the immune response elicited in layers by the standard vaccination program for ND of a Danish commercial egg production facility with a simplified version of the vaccination program. A commercial flock of layers was followed for 77 weeks from hatching to culling.

Characterization of preclinical models to investigate spinal cord stimulation for neuropathic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Despite advancements in preclinical and clinical spinal cord stimulation (SCS) research, the mechanisms of SCS action remain unclear. This may result from challenges in translatability of findings between species. Our systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42023457443) aimed to comprehensively characterize the important translational components of preclinical SCS models, including stimulating elements and stimulation specifications.

Temporomandibular disorders: A new list of key points to summarize the standard of care.

This letter is being sent to editors of major dental journals around the world. Attached to it is an Announcement that summarizes a recently published position paper which deals with the topic of standards of care for Temporomandibular Disorders (TMDs). That paper, entitled "Temporomandibular disorders: INfORM/IADR key points for good clinical practice based on standard of care", was developed by a group of expert researchers and clinicians over a one-year period.

Comparing Patency of Pulmonary Stent Implantation and Balloon Angioplasty in Pulmonary Vein Stenosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is an insidious diagnosis associated with morbidity and mortality. Pharmacologic therapy may suffice initially, but advanced stages demand mechanical intervention. Pulmonary stent implantation (PSI) and pulmonary balloon angioplasty (PBA) are common strategies, both carrying restenosis risks.

Active learning driven prioritisation of compounds from on-demand libraries targeting the SARS-CoV-2 main protease.

FEgrow is an open-source software package for building congeneric series of compounds in protein binding pockets. For a given ligand core and receptor structure, it employs hybrid machine learning/molecular mechanics potential energy functions to optimise the bioactive conformers of supplied linkers and functional groups. Here, we introduce significant new functionality to automate, parallelise and accelerate the building and scoring of compound suggestions, such that it can be used for automated design.

Burden of rheumatic diseases among people with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is a prevalent metabolic condition affecting over 500 million people globally and associated with serious comorbidities, including various rheumatologic conditions. Some studies have reported a significant association between rheumatological conditions and DM2. However, the global burden of rheumatological conditions among people with DM2 remains unknown.