783 results match your criteria: "New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Ltd[Affiliation]"

Residues and Dissipation of the Herbicide Imazapyr after Operational Use in Irrigation Water.

Int J Environ Res Public Health

April 2020

Centre for AgriBioscience, Agriculture Victoria, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Rd, Bundoora 3088, Australia.

Imazapyr is a herbicide that can be used in irrigation canals to control a range of aquatic weed species, however, its residual nature, combined with its phytotoxicity to crops at low concentrations, means that the water in canals must be carefully managed following imazapyr application. Residues of the herbicide imazapyr (isopropylamine salt) in irrigation water were analysed and modelled after application to irrigation canals in south-eastern Australia. A treatment program to control delta arrowhead (sagittaria; (Engelm.

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Background: Cultivation of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) has been increasing in Europe in recent years, in particular due to the availability of new genotypes suitable for cultivation in many different environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the resilience and nutritional quality of 11 highbush blueberry cultivars and two new selections (from the New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd breeding program) in Mediterranean hot summer climate conditions by measuring plant yield, seasonality, fruit sensorial traits, and phytochemical content in the fruits.

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As the most abundant animals on earth, nematodes are a dominant component of the soil community. They play critical roles in regulating biogeochemical cycles and vegetation dynamics within and across landscapes and are an indicator of soil biological activity. Here, we present a comprehensive global dataset of soil nematode abundance and functional group composition.

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The RAV (related to ABI3/viviparous 1) group of transcription factors (TFs) play multifaceted roles in plant development and stress responses. Here, we show that strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) FaRAV1 positively regulates anthocyanin accumulation during fruit ripening via a hierarchy of activation processes. Dual-luciferase assay screening of all fruit-expressed AP2/ERFs showed FaRAV1 had the highest transcriptional activation of the promoter of FaMYB10, a key activator of anthocyanin biosynthesis.

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Salt stress, causing serious loss on crop productions, is one of the most important environmental stresses throughout the world. The aim of this study is to select salt-tolerant traditional rice resources collected from Lei-Qiong area of South China and investigate their physiological performances and biochemical regulations during salt stress response, together with two well-known international varieties, Nona Bokra (salt-tolerant sample) and IR29 (salt-sensitive sample). After comprehensive analyses, we discovered that two Lei-Qiong traditional salt-tolerant rice samples showed less growth inhibition by salt stress during both germination and seedling stage, in comparison with other rice samples.

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Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses of Queensland Fruit Fly Females to Fruit Odors.

J Chem Ecol

February 2020

The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch Mail Centre, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand.

Females of the Queensland fruit fly (QFF), Bactrocera tryoni, are amongst the most damaging pests of horticulture in Australia and neighboring countries. Females can lay eggs into more than a hundred species of fruits and vegetables, resulting in large crop losses. Sexually mature males can be managed sustainably with traps baited with long-lasting synthetic lures, and sexually immature males and females can be attracted and killed by short-lived protein baits applied directly on surfaces, with a low success rate (< 20%).

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Part of the studies involved in safety assessment of genetically engineered crops includes characterizing the organization, integrity, and stability of the inserted DNA and evaluating the potential allergenicity and toxicity of newly-expressed proteins. Molecular characterization of the introduced DNA in provitamin A biofortified rice event GR2E confirmed insertion of a single copy of the transfer-DNA in the genome and its inheritance as a single locus. Nucleotide sequencing of the inserted DNA confirmed it was introduced without modifications.

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Agrobiodiversity-the variation within agricultural plants, animals, and practices-is often suggested as a way to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change on crops [S. A. Wood , 30, 531-539 (2015)].

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Genome-wide analysis and expression profiles of the StR2R3-MYB transcription factor superfamily in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.).

Int J Biol Macromol

April 2020

College of Horticulture/Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China. Electronic address:

MYB transcription factors comprise one of the largest families in plant kingdom, which play a variety of functions in plant developmental processes and defence responses, the R2R3-MYB members are the predominant form found in higher plants. In the present study, a total of 111 StR2R3-MYB transcription factors were identified and further phylogenetically classified into 31 subfamilies, as supported by highly conserved gene structures and motifs. Collinearity analysis showed that the segmental duplication events played a crucial role in the expansion of StR2R3-MYB gene family.

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Plants exposed to the combination of drought and pathogen infections are in a unique state, different from that of plants exposed to each stress alone. Plants undergo major hormonal changes during drought and/or pathogen infection, highlighting the importance of hormones as crucial mediators of plant stress responses. Evidence from individual stress studies has shown that drought and pathogen infection have both different and overlapping impacts on hormone metabolism and hormone-associated signal transduction pathways.

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Organically farmed rice is believed to be healthier, safer, and eco-friendlier than its conventionally farmed counterparts and sells for a premium price in global markets. Deliberate mislabeling of organic rice has become a critical consumer concern in China and elsewhere, and there is an increased risk of buying fraudulent organic rice in the market place. In this study, stable isotopic and multielemental analysis combined with chemometrics was used to differentiate organically farmed rice from green and conventional rice in a 4-year experimental field trial from 2014 to 2017.

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Lycopene, one of the most dominant carotenoids in a person's diet, is a well-known natural compound that has protective effects against chronic diseases. Industrial and domestic processing and storage conditions significantly influence retention and isomerization of lycopene; thus, in recent years, great attention has been given for their preservative effects of lycopene. This review highlights recent strategies that have been developed to preserve lycopene in processed products, especially in tomato pulp, puree, paste, and juice.

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Article Synopsis
  • Plant traits, which include various characteristics like morphology and physiology, play a crucial role in how plants interact with their environment and impact ecosystems, making them essential for research in areas like ecology, biodiversity, and environmental management.
  • The TRY database, established in 2007, has become a vital resource for global plant trait data, promoting open access and enabling researchers to identify and fill data gaps for better ecological modeling.
  • Although the TRY database provides extensive data, there are significant areas lacking consistent measurements, particularly for continuous traits that vary among individuals in their environments, presenting a major challenge that requires collaboration and coordinated efforts to address.
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Insights into the κ/ι-carrageenan metabolism pathway of some marine species.

Commun Biol

July 2020

1Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2 Canada.

is a globally distributed marine-associated genus that can be found in a broad range of aquatic environments, including in association with macroalgal surfaces where they may take advantage of these rich sources of polysaccharides. The metabolic systems that confer the ability to metabolize this abundant form of photosynthetically fixed carbon, however, are not yet fully understood. Through genomics, transcriptomics, microbiology, and specific structure-function studies of pathway components we address the capacity of newly isolated marine pseudoalteromonads to metabolize the red algal galactan carrageenan.

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Selection of key floral scent compounds from fruit and vegetable crops by honey bees depends on sensory capacity and experience.

J Insect Physiol

December 2020

The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Gerald St, Lincoln 7608, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Flowers have complex odours often comprising hundreds of volatile compounds. Floral scents are species-specific, and vary also among populations, varieties, sexes or lines, as well as with phenology. Honey bees, Apis mellifera, generally associate only a few key compounds among the complex floral scent with the food reward which guides their foraging choices.

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Article Synopsis
  • The wheat leaf rust fungus, Puccinia triticina, is prevalent in major wheat-growing areas and significantly impacts wheat yield through its adaptability to resistance genes.
  • A study investigated the genetic relationships among 558 isolates of P. triticina from various global regions using advanced genotyping methods, highlighting regional relatedness and historical migration patterns.
  • The findings indicated that durum wheat isolates showed distinct genotypes, with Ethiopian isolates being the earliest to diverge from a common ancestor, followed by variations in isolates affecting durum and common wheat worldwide.
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Genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to identify loci associated with agronomic (days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, seed yield and seed weight), seed morphology (shape and dimpling), and seed quality (protein, starch, and fiber concentrations) traits of field pea ( L.). A collection of 135 pea accessions from 23 different breeding programs in Africa (Ethiopia), Asia (India), Australia, Europe (Belarus, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Lithuania, Netherlands, Russia, Sweden, Ukraine and United Kingdom), and North America (Canada and USA), was used for the GWAS.

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This paper applies a social metabolism framework and energy flow analysis for evaluating agroecosystem and land use transitions in food-energy-water systems using the Upper Snake River Basin (USBR), Idaho, USA as a case-study. The study area is one of the primary agricultural regions of the State of Idaho. Dairy products are the primary agricultural outputs of the region; therefore, we modified a biomass accounting framework to explicitly incorporate the role of manure in the agroecosystem.

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Article Synopsis
  • * The study focused on how carbohydrate supply affects color variation in kiwifruit, experimenting with high and low carbohydrate conditions during early fruit development.
  • * Findings revealed that carbon starvation impacted fruit growth and affected related genes, suggesting a link between carbohydrate levels and the regulation of anthocyanin production, potentially leading to reduced color in fruit under stress.
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Genomic insights into mite phylogeny, fitness, development, and reproduction.

BMC Genomics

December 2019

Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing, 101300, People's Republic of China.

Article Synopsis
  • * The study presents the first genome assembly of N. cucumeris, revealing significant genomic features such as 18,735 protein-coding genes and unique genetic characteristics that support the monophyly of Acari.
  • * This research offers essential data for future studies on mite development and reproduction, enhancing our understanding of their role in agriculture and the broader implications for Arachnida evolution.
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Fruit with stripes, which are generally longitudinal, can occur naturally, but the bioprocesses underlying this phenomenon are unclear. Previously, we observed an atypical anthocyanin distribution that caused red-striped fruit on the spontaneous pear bud sport "Red Zaosu" ( Rehd.).

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The involvement of in light-induced anthocyanin accumulation via the activation of through binding to tandem G-boxes in its promoter.

Hortic Res

December 2019

1Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China.

To gain insight into how anthocyanin biosynthesis is controlled by light in fruit, transcriptome and metabolome analyses were performed in the Chinese sand pear cultivar "Mantianhong" () after bagging and bag removal. We investigated transcriptional and metabolic changes and gene-metabolite correlation networks. Correlation tests of anthocyanin content and transcriptional changes revealed that 1,530 transcripts were strongly correlated with 15 anthocyanin derivatives (  > 0.

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Background: Extreme temperatures are among the primary abiotic stresses that affect plant growth and development. Ascorbic acid (AsA) is an efficient antioxidant for scavenging relative oxygen species accumulated under stress. Folates play a significant role in DNA synthesis and protect plants against oxidative stress.

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