Outcomes of heliox use in children with respiratory compromise: A 10-year single institution experience.

Objective: Heliox, a mixture of helium and oxygen, has been shown to improve laminar airflow and decrease airway resistance in children. This study aims to describe the outcomes of heliox use in children with respiratory compromise and to identify variables associated with a need for airway surgical intervention.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients who received heliox between 2012 and 2022 at a tertiary care children's hospital.

Toward a more patient-centered drug development process in clinical trials for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms (MDS): Practical considerations from the International Consortium for MDS (icMDS).

Notable treatment advances have been made in recent years for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms (MDS), and several new drugs are under development. For example, the emerging availability of oral MDS therapies holds the promise of improving patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Within this rapidly evolving landscape, the inclusion of HRQoL and other patient-reported outcomes (PROs) is critical to inform the benefit/risk assessment of new therapies or to assess whether patients live longer and better, for what will likely remain a largely incurable disease.

Association between SARS-CoV-2 infections during pregnancy and preterm live birth.

We examined associations between mild or asymptomatic prenatal SARS-CoV-2 infection and preterm live birth in a prospective cohort study. During August 2020-October 2021, pregnant persons were followed with systematic surveillance for RT-PCR or serologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection until pregnancy end. The association between prenatal SARS-CoV-2 infection and preterm birth was assessed using Cox proportional-hazards regression.

PI-RADS 3 score: A retrospective experience of clinically significant prostate cancer detection.

Rationale And Objectives: The study aims to propose an optimal workflow in patients with a PI-RADS 3 (PR-3) assessment category (AC) through determining the timing and type of pathology interrogation used for the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) in these men based upon a 5-year retrospective review in a large academic medical center.

Materials And Methods: This United States Health Insurance Probability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)-compliant, institutional review board-approved retrospective study included men without prior csPCa diagnosis who received PR-3 AC on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (MRI). Subsequent incidence and time to csPCa diagnosis and number/type of prostate interventions was recorded.

Simulation training in endoscopic skull base surgery: A scoping review.

Objective: Proficiency in endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery requires both substantial baseline training and progressive lifelong learning. Endoscopic simulation models continue to evolve in an effort to optimize trainee education and preoperative preparation and improve surgical outcomes. The current scoping review systematically reviews all available literature and synthesizes the current paradigms of simulation models for endoscopic skull base surgery training and skill enhancement.

The Draf III procedure: A review of indications and techniques.

The Draf Ⅲ procedure involves the creation of a common frontal sinus cavity. The most common indication for the Draf Ⅲ procedure is chronic rhinosinusitis of the frontal sinuses despite the failure of more conservative interventions such as bilateral Draf Ⅱa procedures. Primary Draf Ⅲ may be indicated in patients with a high risk of failures such as those with severe polyposis and those with a frontal sinus opening less than 4 mm on computed tomography imaging.

Rethinking the Drug Distribution and Medication Management Model: How a New York City Hospital Pharmacy Department Responded to COVID-19.

Beginning in March 2020, New York City began the fight against coronavirus disease 2019. Health care workers were faced with a disease that led to significant morbidity and mortality with no proven therapies. As hospitals became inundated with patients and underwent rapid expansion of capacity, resources such as drugs, protective and medical equipment, and hospital staff became limited.

Metabolic correlates of prevalent mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease in adults with Down syndrome.

Introduction: Disruption of metabolic function is a recognized feature of late onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). We sought to determine whether similar metabolic pathways are implicated in adults with Down syndrome (DS) who have increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: We examined peripheral blood from 292 participants with DS who completed baseline assessments in the Alzheimer's Biomarkers Consortium-Down Syndrome (ABC-DS) using untargeted mass spectrometry (MS).